- Research Article
- 10.33545/26180723.2025.v8.i2a.3285
Public-private partnership models for financing and managing agricultural extension services
- Feb 01, 2025
- International Journal of Agriculture Extension and Social Development
- Aissatou Ndiaye Fall
Governments across West Africa can no longer afford to finance agricultural extension alone. This research examined how public-private partnership (PPP) arrangements perform compared to purely public funding models in delivering extension services to smallholder farmers in Senegal. Three PPP configurations were analyzed: government-NGO contracts, government-agribusiness collaborations, and multi-stakeholder platforms involving farmer organizations. Data were collected from 296 farming households and 38 institutional stakeholders across six departments in the Thies and Kaolack regions between November 2022 and May 2023. PPP-served areas achieved 31.4% higher extension coverage rates per dollar invested and 22.8% greater farmer satisfaction than public-only zones. Government-agribusiness partnerships showed the strongest financial efficiency (benefit-cost ratio of 2.61) but served fewer resource-poor households. Multi-stakeholder platforms reached the broadest farmer base but faced coordination challenges that slowed decision-making. The findings point toward hybrid financing mechanisms where government guarantees broad access while private partners contribute technical capacity and operational flexibility.
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