École Supérieure de Banque

This article addresses a critical problem in the field of target interception using a new foldable quadrotor with rotating arms. The primary challenge is maximizing linear acceleration to enhance the quadrotor's ability to intercept targets effectively. To address this challenge, we introduce a novel optimization framework. Our study employs two distinct optimization algorithms, namely the genetic algorithms and the whales optimization algorithm, to ascertain the maximum attainable linear acceleration for the foldable quadrotor. The results obtained are confirmed through the use of our innovative foldable quadrotor.

Abstract The results of a failure analysis of a series of Cr-Mo-V steel turbine studs which had experienced a service lifetime of some 50,000 h are described. It was observed that certain studs suffered complete fracture while others showed significant defects located at the first stress bearing thread. Crack extension was the result of marked creep embrittlement and reverse temper embrittlement (RTE). Selected approaches were examined to assess the effects of RTE on the material toughness of selected studs. It was observed that Auger electron microscopy results which indicated the extent of grain boundary phosphorus segregation exhibited a good relationship with ambient temperature Charpy data. The electrochemical polarization kinetic reactivation, EPR, approach, however, proved disappointing in that the overlapping scatter in the minimum current density, Ir, for an embrittled and a non-embrittled material was such that no clear decision of the toughness properties was possible by this approach. The initial results obtained from small punch testing showed good agreement with other reported data and could be related to the FATT. Indeed, this small punch test, combined with a miniature sample sampling method, represents an attractive approach to the toughness assessment of critical power plant components.

Molecular tools have become an increasingly important part of studying the epidemiology of infectious agents. These tools have allowed the aetiological agent within a population to be diagnosed rapidly with a greater degree of efficiency and accuracy than conventional diagnostic tools. They have enhanced understanding into the pathogenicity and virulence of the aetiological agent and subsequent deployment of appropriate control strategies. This paper reviews the contribution of molecular epidemiology to the diagnosis and control of some animal diseases such as foot and mouth disease (FMD), buetongue and peste des petites ruminants (PPR) in Algeria. Molecular epidemiology has helped in the characterization of FMDV type O circulating in Algerian cattle in 1999 and in 2014; in 1999, the sequencing analysis showed that the Algerian viruses belong to the West-African topotype with 99% similarity to a strain isolated in Cote d'Ivoire. In 2014, the virus was identified as 0/ME/SA/Ind-2001d lineage which was 99.69% identical to the field strains isolated from earlier Tunisian outbreaks. In a related development, two episodes of bluetongue outbreaks were reported in Algeria; the first with serotype II in 2000 that showed no significant difference with the Tunisian strain reported two months earlier and the second episode involving serotype I epidemiologically linked to South Africa (with 94.3% not similarity) indicating an origin from sub-Saharan Africa. Molecular techniques have also described the PPRV strain implicated in an outbreak in Ghardaia district, in the centre of Algeria. The strain clustered with lineage IV of PPRV and shared 97 to 99% similarity with the strain implicated in neighboring Morocco and Tunisia. Key words: Algeria, control, diagnosis, molecular epidemiology, Foot and Mouth Disease (FMD), bluetongue (BT), Peste des Petites Ruminants (PPR).