21st Century Technologies (United States)

Ce numéro des Cahiers de la Méditerranée est né de la volonté d’analyser un certain nombre de discours produits au xixe siècle et au début du xxe siècle sur l’émancipation des femmes en Italie dans toute leur variété et leur complexité. Il rassemble une partie des interventions présentées lors du colloque consacré à La question de l’émancipation des femmes en Italie (1815-1930), organisé par le Laboratoire d’études romanes de l’Université Paris 8 et qui s’est tenu en ligne les 19, 20 et 21 m...

Women and wit seem to belong together in contemporary TV comedies. But looking more closely at wit reveals that it has undergone a series of transformations in its cultural value as a type of humor, its moral implications, and its meaning. In this article, I bring these shifting, often contradictory, gendered meanings of humorous wit into conversation with the often conflicting representational strategies that have informed the construction of femininity in contemporary mainstream TV comedies, such as Fran Drescher’s The Nanny, and Amy Sherman-Palladino’s Gilmore Girls and The Marvelous Mrs. Maisel. In my readings of the shows’ central characters, I analyze how certain tropes, such as romance, motherhood, self-defense, or deflection reconcile the sharpness of female wit with traditional femininity.

Abstract Theory and extensive evidence connect poverty and underdevelopment to civil conflict yet evidence on the impact of development programs on violence is surprisingly mixed. To break this impasse, we exploit a within-country policy experiment to examine the conditions under which antipoverty programs reduce violence. The roll-out of India's National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme caused a large long-run reduction in Maoist conflict violence, as measured with an original data set based on local-language press sources. These pacifying effects were not uniform, however, but overwhelmingly concentrated in districts with sufficient pre-existing local state capacity to implement the program effectively. The results demonstrate the potential for anti-poverty programs to mitigate violent civil conflict by improving livelihoods, but also highlight the crucial role of state capacity in shaping these effects.

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This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Experimental Results Discussion Conclusions Acknowledgements

Die umfassende gesellschaftspolitische Problematik von Sicherheit und Risiko in den globalisierten westlichen Gesellschaften ist nicht erst seit »9/11« oder der aktuellen Finanz- und Wirtschaftskrise virulent. Dieser Band versammelt die wichtigsten Stimmen der sozial-, kultur- und humanwissenschaftlichen Disziplinen, um nicht nur grundlegend in die Thematik einzuführen, sondern auch, um Antworten zu geben auf die Frage nach dem rasanten Wandel unseres Verständnisses von Gefahr, Bedrohung, Unsicherheit und riskantem Verhalten.

The Wide-Field Multi Object Spectrometer (WFMOS) along with corrective optics will mount in place of the Secondary Mirror of the Subaru telescope on Mauna Kea, Hawaii to allow simultaneous observations of cosmologic targets. It will conduct large scale Galactic Archeology and Dark Energy surveys to help unlock the secrets of the universe. The key enabler of the observations is an array of 2400 Cobra optic fiber positioners made from very small rotary motors which were developed for this purpose. Cobra is a two degree of freedom mechanism that can position an optical fiber in the prime focus of the telescope to a precision of 5 μm. It is a theta-phi style positioner containing two rotary piezo tube motors with one offset from the other, which enables the optic fiber to be placed anywhere in a small circular patrol region. The patrol diameter of the actuator is large enough to obtain 100% sky coverage of the close packed hex array pattern of positioners. The name Cobra was chosen because the positioner resembles a snake ready to strike.

ABSTRACT Historically, the semiconductor fabrication process ended with the formation of a multitude of die on a wafer with the next steps in the process called back-end assembly. There was a clear end to the front-end process steps and the start of the back-end process steps. Today the distinction is not so clear. The industry is experiencing a new dynamic with a convergence of front-end wafer processing and back-end assembly and the pace is accelerating rapidly. An increasing number of devices, from diodes to DRAMs, are shipping as wafer level packages—all fabricated while the die is still in wafer form before dicing. What is driving this rapid growth in packaging at the wafer level and the convergence of what was once two distinct processing regions? This paper examines the drivers for wafer level packaging and future trends in the technology.