3C Institute

Osteonecrosis of the femoral head is a devastating disease that accounts for 10-15% of all hip arthroplasty cases in the USA, eventually leading to femoral head collapse and joint destruction. Even the current forms of treatment only slightly slow down the progression of the disease itself. This article describes a modified lightbulb technique, which perfects the method, the instrument, and the flap used in order to ensure hip musculature preservation and improved outcomes.With the direct anterior approach, there is no need to perform surgical dislocation, so the time of the surgery is reduced, as well as the risk of vascular injury. The necrotic bone can be precisely removed using custom-made offset curettes, and a bone graft substitute and autograft can be placed under C-arm guidance. This technique may be beneficial in treating early osteonecrosis of the femoral head by reducing operative time and reducing the risk of complications related to surgical dislocation.In contrast to the original "light bulb " which is done through an anterolateral approach; we utilized a direct anterior approach to the hip. A fine, mushroom-tipped burr is used to create a channel into the femoral head. Under C-arm guidance, a custom offset curette that designed by authors is maneuvered to the necrotic area identified in preoperative imaging, ensuring precise debridement while avoiding cartilage penetration. The resulting cavity, which is in a lightbulb shape, is thoroughly cleared of necrotic bone, and samples may be sent for pathological confirmation.

Targeted insertion (TIN) of transgenic trait cassettes has the potential to reduce timeline and cost for GM product development and commercialization. Precise genome engineering has made remarkable progress over the last several decades, particularly with the use of site-directed nucleases as core editing machinery. However, there are still many critical factors that can impact TIN efficiency including insertion site selection, nuclease optimization and expression, donor vector design, gene delivery, and stable event regeneration. Here, we develop workflows for target site sequence identification and gRNA screening for CRISPR-Cas12a system and demonstrate its successful application for TIN in maize with donor sequences up to 10 kilobase pairs (kb) in size. We first prioritize genomic regions for inserting transgenes in silico using bioinformatics tools and then test gRNA performance using a leaf protoplast transient assay. Despite its known low efficiency, we identify homology-directed repair (HDR) as the preferential pathway for directing targeted insertions of large sequences in immature embryos and demonstrate double-junction integrations at a rate of up to 4%. We further apply a molecular analysis workflow using large amplicon TaqMan assays and nanopore sequencing for streamlined identification and characterization of high-quality insertion events with intact large inserts. Analysis of TIN events across generations suggests that efficiency bottlenecks are not limited to donor targeted integration; attrition in efficiency also results from partial or additional donor insertion, chimerism, and close linkage with undesired sequence insertions such as those encoding the editing machinery. This work represents a major step forward in realizing the potential of precise genome engineering in maize for basic research and biotech trait development applications.

This chapter has been made available under a CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 license. Public acceptance and confidence in science loom as a significant issue in Australia, not least because of the responses and acceptance of COVID-19 pandemic issues and the restrictions imposed on our society. 1 Before that, we had the issues of climate change which raised many questions about public confidence, trust and understanding of science, and in communicating science. 2 These issues also loom large in the United States of America from where we might glean some understanding and lessons about public understanding of science. 3

Our goal was to not just capture demand for each major but to assess demand for majors at specific colleges.

In this paper, we study the effect of crises on EU actorness, defined as the EU’s capacity to defend its interests and values at the global level. Our research focuses on two major crises, the Covid-19 crisis and the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine. Drawing on a process-tracing approach, we analyse four of the Union’s policy initiatives that were proposed, negotiated and implemented to respond to these crises: joint vaccine procurement, common gas purchases, and the COVAX and FARM initiatives. The paper assesses the outcomes of these four initiatives and discusses the extent to which these initiatives led to the development of EU actorness and the achievement of common objectives. The analysis identifies the degree of internal cohesion, and how it is influenced by specific crises, as a key factor in fostering or hampering EU actorness in different policy fields. It also shows that the formal distribution of competences between the EU and the member states in specific policy areas matters little in crisis times, as the EU can resort to emergency competences in such situations. The findings of this paper contribute to the literature on EU actorness and equally provide some insights on policy legacies and learning.

У статті порушується проблема формування інформаційної культури особистості. Описано вимоги до професійної діяльності вчителя початкових класів в епоху інформатизації освіти. З’ясовано, що інформаційна культура вчителя є його якісною професійно-особистісною характеристикою, що слугує основою здатності до роботи з інформацією, використання різноманітних інформаційних ресурсів, засобів комунікації та технологій для вирішення професійних завдань. Ключові слова: інформаційна культура, інформатизація освіти, інформаційно-комунікаційні технології, вчитель початкових класів, фахова підготовка

A topical challenge for algorithms in general and for automatic image categorization and generation in particular is presented with the aim of highlighting strengths and deficiencies of current Artificial Intelligence approaches while sketching a way forward. A general lack of encompassing symbol-embedding and (not only) -grounding in some bodily basis is made responsible for current deficiencies. A concomitant dearth of hierarchical organization of concepts follows suite. As a remedy for these shortcomings, it is proposed to take a wide step back and to newly incorporate aspects of cybernetics and analog control processes. It is claimed that a promising overarching perspective is provided by the Ouroboros Model with a valid and versatile algorithmic backbone for general cognition at all accessible levels of abstraction and capabilities.

Journal of East Asian Studies is devoted to publishing cutting edge social science on East and Southeast Asia. The journal is interested in work that combines theory, novel empirical contributions, and engagement with the major substantive issues facing the region. The JEAS publishes primarily in the fi elds of international relations, including both international political economy and security studies, and comparative politics. However, we welcome interdisciplinary work and contributions from sociology, applied economics, and business studies as well. The journal is also open to roundtables on important new books on the region, review essays and shorter research notes. SSCI indexed, the journal prides itself on a strong peer-review process.

ZUSAMMENFASSUNGDie Hypophosphatasie (HPP) ist eine seltene genetische Erkrankung, welche infolge einer verminderten Alkalischen Phosphatase-Aktivität zu Problemen an Knochen, Muskeln, Zähnen, aber auch zahlreichen weiteren Organsystemen führen kann. Letztlich handelt es sich um eine metabolische Multisystemerkrankung mit sehr variablem klinischem Phänotyp bzw. Schweregrad, die alle Altersgruppen betreffen kann und zu einer signifikanten Mortalität und Morbidität bei den betroffenen Familien führt. Die klinische Verdachtsdiagnose kann durch laborchemische Untersuchungen (insbesondere die Bestimmung der AP-Aktivität), bildgebende Maßnahmen und eine humangenetische Testung erhärtet werden. Eine Anbindung betroffener Familien an ein erfahrenes Zentrum mit multidisziplinärer Betreuung erscheint sinnvoll. Die Enzymersatztherapie mit Asfotase alfa stellt eine zugelassene effektive und gut verträgliche Therapie zur Behandlung des „Knochenphänotyps“ dar. Langzeitdaten zu Wirksamkeit und Verträglichkeit sollen im Rahmen eines internationalen Registers erfasst werden.

We present a theory of belief dynamics that explains the interplay between internal beliefs in people’s minds and beliefs of others in their external social environments. The Networks of Belief theory goes beyond existing theories of belief dynamics in three ways. First, it provides an explicit connection between belief networks in individual minds and belief dynamics on social networks. The connection, absent from most previous theories, is established through people’s social beliefs, or perceived beliefs of others. Second, the theory recognizes that the correspondence between social beliefs and others’ actual beliefs can be imperfect, because social beliefs are affected by personal beliefs as well as by the actual beliefs of others. Past theories of belief dynamics on social networks do not distinguish between perceived and actual beliefs of others. Third, the theory explains diverse belief dynamics phenomena parsimoniously through the differences in attention and the resulting felt dissonances in personal, social, and external parts of belief networks. We implement our theoretical assumptions in a computational model within a statistical physics framework and derive model predictions. We find support for our theoretical assumptions and model predictions in two large survey studies (N1=973, N2=669). We then derive insights about diverse phenomena related to belief dynamics, including group consensus and polarization, group radicalization, minority influence, and different empirically observed belief distributions. We discuss how the theory goes beyond different existing models of belief dynamics and outline promising directions for future research.