3i (United Kingdom)

vermerkt daher in seiner Einleitung "¿un problema de identidad" (S. 1-13) in Übereinstimmung mit Juan Goytisolo, dass trotz Marginalisierungsversuchen einer spanischsprachigen Literatur in Katalonien letztlich eine Scharnierfunktion für den Austausch der katalanischen und kastilischen

"Estudos de História da Náutica e das, Navegações de Alto-Mar." The Mariner's Mirror, 108(4), pp. 478–479

Social influence has been summarised as the change in one’s beliefs, behaviour, or attitudes due to external pressure that may be real or imagined (Cialdini, 2001). In this chapter, we focus on the question of how (sports-relevant) behaviour and athletic performances are influenced by others, especially active and passive (sports) spectators. You have probably already experienced giving a presentation in front of a group of people. Were you influenced by the presence of your audience? Was your performance better, worse, or unaffected compared to the rehearsal session, when you practised alone? Is your performance influenced differently when the audience listens attentively as opposed to when they are noisily not paying attention? How does this presence of others impact performances and behaviours in the context of sports? In sports, social influence has already been investigated extensively (cf. Epting, Riggs, Knowles, & Hanky, 2011; cf. Strauss, 2002b). A particular interest within social influence research is the home advantage in team sports (Allen & Jones, 2014; Carron, Loughhead, & Bray, 2005). Research in this field is concerned with understanding whether the performance of the home team is better due to more of their fans being in the stadium.

Introduction: Hydrogen sulfide (H 2 S) is a critical endogenous signaling molecule that exerts protective effects in the setting of heart failure (HF). Cystathionine γ-lyase (CSE), one of three H 2 S producing enzyme, is predominantly localized in the vascular endothelium. The interaction between endothelial cell derived H 2 S and endothelial-mesenchymal transition (EndoMT), an important pathological process contributing to the formation of fibrosis, has yet to be investigated. Methods: Endothelial cell specific CSE knockout (EC-CSE KO) and overexpressing (EC-CSE Tg) mice were subjected to transverse aortic constriction (TAC) to induce HF with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). Cardiac function, vascular reactivity, and treadmill exercise capacity following TAC were measured to determine the severity of HF. Histological analysis was performed to investigate changes in cardiac fibrosis. Vimentin and Von Willebrand factor co-immunostaining were utilized to investigate EndoMT activation. Results: EC-CSE KO mice exhibited reduced circulating H 2 S level, which was accompanied by increased EndoMT in the myocardium, resulting in increased perivascular fibrosis in the heart, impaired cardiac and vascular function, and worsened exercise performance. In contrast, genetic overexpression of CSE in endothelial cells elevated circulating and myocardial H 2 S, led to decreased EndoMT and subsequent fibrosis, preserved cardiac and endothelial function, and improved exercise capacity. Conclusions: Our data demonstrate that endothelial CSE modulates endothelial-mesenchymal transition to ameliorate the severity of pressure overload - induced heart failure. These data further suggest that endothelium-derived H 2 S is a potential therapeutic for the treatment of heart failure with reduced ejection fraction.

Correct identification of elasmobranch species is crucial for taxonomic and parasitological research. Although molecular barcoding may be the fastest choice to determine the identity of a given species, robust and fast species level identification in the field using morphological characters is essential. During this study, 389 specimens representing seven stingray species (Brevitrygon walga, Himantura leoparda, H. uarnak, Maculabatis randalli, M. arabica, M. gerrardi and Pateobatis fai) were examined from the Persian Gulf and the Gulf of Oman. A 1044 bp fragment of the NADH2 gene was generated for 50 specimens with representatives of all species. To verify the initial morphological identification and to compare intra- and interspecific differences a Neighbor-Joining analysis was conducted using uncorrected p-distances, whereas the Bayesian Inference was used to examine the relationships among taxa. Two species (M. arabica and M. gerrardi) are documented from the Persian Gulf for the first time. The molecular results provide the first known evidence of the sympatric distribution of M. randalli and M. arabica in the north and northwestern Indian Ocean. The results of the Bayesian Inference support the recent divergence of both species. Based on morphological comparisons and molecular support we suggest that the descriptions of M. randalli and M. arabica have been carried out on heterogeneous type series which has led to inconsistency between molecular identification and diagnostic morphological characteristics. Detailed morphological examination revealed that there is a relation between the type and number of denticles on the mid-dorsal surface of the disc and the color pattern of the tail. To address this taxonomic conflict all type materials should be re-examined. The Bayesian Inference tree showed that all specimens from the Persian Gulf and the Gulf of Oman morphologically resembling B. walga were found to group well outside those of the Indian species (B. imbricata) with an average p-distance of 0.097. The low nucleotide differences among the urogymnid taxa (P. fai and H. leoparda) from the Persian Gulf and the Gulf of Oman and their conspecific specimens in the Indo-West Pacific region revealed that philopatric behaviors may cause considerable gene flow among populations.

Die Planung, der Betrieb und die Instandhaltung von Parkbauten sind in vielen Facetten anders als die Errichtung, Nutzung und das Management anderer Gebäudearten. Die Beanspruchungen, denen Parkbauten ausgesetzt sind, entsprechen denen von Verkehrsbauwerken. Dies ist eine Herausforderung für alle beteiligten Objekt- und Fachplaner, für den Betreiber, die an der Instandhaltung Beteiligten sowie auch für die Nutzer im Lebenszyklus des Bauwerks. Dem Angebot des Betreibers von Stellplätzen zur kurz- oder längerfristigen Nutzung und weiteren Services steht, im Idealfall, eine – wirtschaftlich – ausreichend große Nachfrage gegenüber. Beide Seiten, der Betreiber und der Nutzer, haben Anforderungen und Erwartungen an das Produkt "Parken". Für den Betreiber bildet ein zweckmäßiges und kostengünstiges Bauwerk die Geschäftsgrundlage, für den Nutzer steht dem zu entrichtenden Parkentgelt eine entsprechend hohe Erwartung an Leistung und Servicequalität gegenüber.