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Codonopsis javanica, a Campanulaceae herb endemic to Guizhou, is locally called "Tudangshen", its root is used in medicine to fortify spleen-qi, moisten the lung and arrest cough, and promote lactation. In June 2023, root rot of C. javanica was observed in a cultivation field in Xiuwen County (106°46'48" E, 26°53'59" N), Guizhou Province, with the estimated disease incidence ranging from 20% to 50%. The initial symptoms were light brown spots on the surface of the root, and the spots were brown or black in severe cases, and the lower end of the root and the rhizome were rotted. The aboveground portions of the leaves exhibited yellowing and wilting, followed by withering and death. The diseased root tissue (5 mm × 5 mm) was cut and disinfected with 75 % alcohol for 15 s, 5 % sodium hypochlorite treatment for 1 min, followed by three rinses with sterile distilled water. After drying, the samples were transferred onto Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA) and incubated at 28 °C in darkness for 3-5 days. Through hyphal tip culture methodology (Senanayake et al. 2020), 12 strains with similar morphology were obtained. The colonies were white to purplish red. The fungus produced two types of conidia: microconidia and macroconidia. The microconidia were ovate, without septa or 1-2 septa, and the size was 4.98-9.22 × 1.88-3.65 μm. The macroconidia were sickle-shaped, slightly curved, 1-4 septa, and the size was 21.55-37.92 × 3.10-6.50 μm. Chlamydospores were subspherical to spherical. Based on these morphological features, the isolates were suspected to be Fusarium oxysporum (Leslie et al. 2006). For molecular confirmation of the morphological identification, strain ZPJ1 was randomly selected as a representative isolate for DNA extraction. The primers ITS1/ITS4, EF1-F6/R6, and RPB2-5F/RPB2-7cR were used to amplify three genomic DNA regions including the internal transcribed spacer (ITS)(Crous et al. 2021), translation elongation factor 1-alpha (EF1)(Moslemi et al. 2017), and RNA polymerase II second largest subunit (RPB2)(Xiang et al. 2025). The sequences of ZPJ1 (accession numbers PV750775, PV759349, and PV759350 for ITS, EF1 and RPB2, respectively) were deposited in GenBank, demonstrating a sequence homology of 99 % to 100 % (546/546, 702/705, 974/978) with F. oxysporum (accession numbers PP596264, MN892354, MN457466). Based on morphological features and maximum likelihood method analyses of combined ITS, EF1, and RPB2 gene sequences, strain ZPJ1 was identified as F. oxysporum. Pathogenicity experiments were conducted in a greenhouse with a temperature ranging from 24 to 27 °C and a relative humidity of 80 %. Root wounding was performed on potted C. javanica seedlings (n = 5, 1-year-old) using a sterile needle. A spore suspension (150 mL, 1 × 106 conidia/mL) of strain ZPJ1 was inoculated onto the wounds, with an equal volume of sterile water used as the control. After 18 days, all inoculated plants developed characteristic root rot symptoms, while the plants in the control group remained healthy and did not show any symptoms of root rot disease. F. oxysporum was successfully reisolated from the symptomatic roots and identified by the morphology and the molecular methods de-scribed above, meeting Koch’s postulates. Based on current understanding, this is the first report of F. oxysporum causing root rot in C. javanica in China. These findings provide a basis for the early detection of C. javanica root rot caused by F. oxysporum and the formulation of targeted control measures.

Precise localization of UAV itself has become a research hotspot. Due to the heterodyne problem of aerial images and satellite reference maps, image matching is ineffective and difficult. In this paper, a UAV localization method based on heterogeneous image matching is proposed, and a weight-sharing twin feature extraction network SN_SuperPoint is proposed based on SuperPoint to better adapt to the needs of heterogeneous image processing, and mapped to the real geographic coordinates based on the matching results, which ultimately solves the problem of accurate UAV localization.

We reported a low-cost and simple process to prepare fiberglass cloth-supported C/S-doped TiO₂ (FCST). The presence of C and S elements were confirmed in the final product via X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) technique. The physicochemical properties of FCST were surveyed with scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analyses. The visible light-driven catalytic reactions were investigated in indoor atmospheric surroundings through thermal desorption-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (TGM). The catalytic performance of the modified photocatalysts was assessed via degrading total volatile organic compounds (TVOC) of upholstered furniture. Also, a removal percentage of 94.3% in 75 min over FCST exhibited excellent degrading ability of TVOC under visible illumination.

This paper studies the optimization of vehicle transmission system parameters based on the orthogonal test method. First, the power parameters of the 5EMT gearbox are studied. When the power parameters meet the requirements, to further optimize, the orthogonal test method is adopted, with maximum acceleration and maximum vehicle speed as the optimization goals, the five gear ratios of the gearbox are selected as optimization parameters, and the L25 orthogonal table is designed for a comprehensive test. After data collection, analysis, and comprehensive evaluation, four sets of parameter combinations with outstanding comprehensive performance were obtained, and the optimal solution was selected. The optimization results show that the vehicle's maximum acceleration has increased by 2.1%, the maximum climb has increased by 6.2%, the maximum speed has increased slightly, and the comprehensive performance indicator F(x) has increased by 1.4%. This study provides a scientific and efficient solution for the optimization of vehicle transmission system parameters, which is of great significance to improving vehicle performance.

To enhance the performance of UAV-mounted SAR systems, this paper proposes an innovative overall structural design that meets the stringent size and weight requirements of a specific UAV. The SAR system's capability for ground camouflage reconnaissance is improved by designing a co-platform layout for high and low dual-frequency antennas and employing key technologies such as electromechanical thermal coupling and high-precision servo motion compensation. The results of the structural design are validated through mechanical simulation analysis and field hanging flight tests, providing substantial technical support for the efficient integration of UAV-mounted SAR systems.

In order to provide contour data of machining surfaces for parts processing systems, a point laser based automatic positioning and 3D scanning method for parts is proposed. Using robots equipped with point laser sensors for automatic positioning and 3D scanning of parts, the center of a single positioning hole of the part is first obtained through 10 point positioning method and least squares fitting method. Then, the precise position and angle of the part in the machine coordinate system are determined through the center of two positioning holes. After the part positioning is completed, 3D scanning work is carried out to plan the S-shaped scanning path of the part under the principle of minimum tolerance. Then, the raw point cloud obtained from the scanning is preprocessed. Finally, the contour data of the part to be machined is obtained through boundary extraction based on normal estimation and clustering segmentation based on Euclidean distance. Through experiments, the average absolute deviation of 50 sets of automatic positioning was measured to be within 50 μ m, which meets the expected target of automatic positioning. The part point cloud can also accurately extract the contour data of the part to be machined surface through pre-processing, appropriate parameter boundary extraction, and clustering segmentation, laying a good foundation for subsequent part machining.

Given the limited ground infrastructure in remote areas such as suburbs and rural regions, Internet of Remote Things (IoRT) devices have been widely deployed to gather critical data and information. However, traditional data transmission methods struggle to directly transmit the data to data processing centers. This paper proposes a space–air–ground Internet of Remote Things (SAG-IoRT) network architecture, which leverages the extensive coverage and efficient communication capabilities of satellites as its core advantage. In the SAG-IoRT network, low Earth orbit (LEO) satellites play a crucial role, addressing communication challenges in remote areas through their global coverage. Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) serve as flexible bridges between ground and space, rapidly transmitting data collected by IoRT devices to LEO satellites, thereby enhancing data transmission efficiency and reliability. Our research focuses on optimizing the flight trajectories and scheduling strategies of UAVs to maximize the utilization of satellite communication resources, aiming to boost system throughput and reduce UAV energy consumption. To tackle the challenges of data collection and transmission in the dynamic and uncertain SAG-IoRT network environment, we formulate the optimization problem as a Markov decision process and apply the multi-agent deep deterministic policy gradient (MADDPG) algorithm to plan optimal paths for UAVs. Experimental results show that compared to the single-agent DDPG algorithm, the MADDPG-based solution not only improves system throughput by approximately 25.6% but also reduces UAV energy consumption by around 24.9%. This achievement underscores the pivotal role of satellites in advancing the development of IoRT and enabling efficient space-based communications.

在国家乡村振兴与红色旅游融合发展背景下，本研究聚焦大别山革命老区红色旅游线路中公共艺术建设"符号空壳化"问题。研究发现，当前红色文化地标存在艺术与红色精神叙事脱节、参与机制欠缺、可持续运营体系不健全及在地文化资源挖掘浅表化等症结。提出叙事性艺术装置重构红色记忆空间、数字技术增强体验、"政社艺"协同管理、本土资源创新转化策略。旨在强化红色旅游线路的文化标识与情感共鸣，助推乡村振兴与红色文旅融合发展。

The traditional LSTM network cannot predict the track of non-cooperative targets, because the data collected from non-cooperative targets has partial data loss, and it cannot form equal interval sampling data. The cubic spline method can be used to interpolate the data at equal intervals, but the contribution of the interpolated points to track prediction is much lower than that of the measured points. Therefore, the contribution matrix of track prediction is constructed by the Attention mechanism, and the weight matrix of LSTM network training is used to determine track prediction together. The experimental results show that the average accuracy of the test set can reach 96.25%, and the loss function value is about 0.125. The prediction accuracy is improved by 14.8% compared to traditional LSTM networks, which verifies the practicability and effectiveness of this method in non-cooperative target track prediction.

A new leafhopper species Phlogothamnus renhuaiensis sp. nov. is described and illustrated from Guizhou Province, China. An updated identification key for the adult male Phlogothamnus species is provided, and a global distribution map showing the geographic distribution of all species is also provided. A cumulative checklist of 10 Phlogothamnus species including the basionym, localities of type materials, type depositories, and updated distribution data is also presented. The type specimens of the new species are deposited in the Institute of Entomology, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China (GUGC).