ARTS Group (China)

Allergic rhinitis is a growing global health issue, which is one of the most popular chronic diseases. Its prevalence is influenced by both environmental exposures and climatic factors. Therefore, this study aims to give the view of the positive effects of the climate to allergic rhinitis from the past paper, including the characteristics of the disease, relevant climate factors, pollution and geographical factors. The hypersensitivity response to allergens, mediated by immunoglobulin E (IgE), triggers allergic rhinitis, and children have a high prevalence of this condition. The symptoms include nasal symptoms, such as nasal congestion and rhinorrhoea, as well as extra-nasal manifestations such as sinus pressure, eustachian tube dysfunction, and headache. Air pollution can exacerbate allergic responses, and natural allergens are correlated with disease risk. The temperature positively correlates with prevalence. Global warming lifts the factors that directly related to the temperature, humidity and concentration of carbon dioxide, high temperature, humidity and carbon dioxide concentration correlate with increased pollen load and ability to cause allergic inflammatory response through global warming, as well as the higher concentration of spores of fungus and mould in atmosphere. Some extreme weather events that related to global warming, such as wildfire and flood, increase their frequency and intensity as well as the related allergens. The latitude and altitude have a negative correlation with the prevalence of allergic rhinitis in general. The urban resident a higher prevalence, considering the increased air pollution and the natural allergen due to heat islands. The region with different climate type shows diverse main allergens and highincidence season.

The paper presents the process and results of the structural health monitoring of two long-span curved reinforced concrete frames using the distributed fibre optical sensor. Optical fibres were attached to the steel reinforcing bars to obtain temperature, strain, deformation, and cracking information for the beams and columns. The temperature measurements were used to adjust the strain readings, then obtain the stress, deformation, and crack width estimations. Five measurements along the history of construction were taken with the first data set as the baseline right after casting the beams. The remaining four are measurements at 14, 28, 89, and 288 days. The measurements revealed that both ends of the long-span beams only have limited lateral movement due to the high lateral stiffness of the columns. The maximum deflections of the two beams are estimated to be 29 mm and 45 mm, respectively, which satisfy the design requirements. The maximum crack widths of both beams are estimated to be much less than 0.3 mm. The presented work demonstrates the effectiveness of distributed fibre optical sensors in monitoring long-span reinforced concrete frames with limitations to be improved in the future implementations.

Most of current ADCs have the problems of heterogeneity and payload-mediated off-target toxicities due to random conjugation and unstable linker. Herein we apply site-specific ligase-dependent conjugation (LDC) for GQ1001 and GQ1005, where humanized anti-HER2 antibody is linked to DM1 and DXd, respectively, via stable ring-opening linker. GQ1001 exhibits HER2 expression-dependent activity (contrary to T-DM1), indicating decreased off-target toxicity. The biostability of GQ1001 and GQ1005 in plasma is more favorable, and pharmacokinetics and safety profiles are improved in cynomolgus-monkeys with decreased circulating free-toxin levels. GQ1001 and GQ1005 are effective in animal models against pretreated HER2-positive cancers insensitive to HER2-targeting and/or chemotherapeutic drugs. The efficacy of GQ1001 is supra-additively enhanced by tyrosine-kinase inhibitors or chemotherapy, with manageable toxicity. GQ1001 is efficacious in cancers resistant to T-DXd due to high ABCG2 expression. Together, the LDC technology and ring-opening linker improve the stability and safety in GQ1001 and GQ1005 for treating refractory HER2-positive cancers.

In this work, the statistical fluid dynamics equation for the molecule number density function is derived by using the Taylor-series expansion as an alternative theoretical modeling of the collision integral in the Boltzmann equation. Formally, its macroscopic forms for the fluid density and velocity are reduced to the continuity equation and the Navier–Stokes equations. In principle, the statistical dynamics equation can be solved with the linear response theory, and then the macroscopic fluid velocity is calculated as the particle velocity moments of the molecule number density function. To elucidate this theory, as an example, the approximate analytical solutions for the molecule number density function and the fluid velocity are obtained for a flat plate suddenly moving at a constant velocity in the direction normal to the front surface in still fluid, demonstrating the formation of a boundary layer in the fluid compression process.