Academy of Fine Arts and Design in Bratislava

ENContemporary research in cognitive neuroscience is studying the relations between the self and embodiment through artificially inducing out-of-body illusions. By designing speculative body images and transferring the subjects’ perceived embodiment into them, they are exploring the cognitive mechanisms underlying self-perception. In addition to the modifications in the perception of the subjects’ own bodies, we can identify an impact of the out-of-body illusions on space perception. The observation links the research with aesthetic theories originating in the 19th century entanglements with scientific study of human perception, in psychophysics or experimental psychology. The theories formulated by the scientific disciplines were adopted by aesthetics where they persisted until they have proven their full potential in digital media. The claims of Fechner, Wundt and their followers preceded the experimental possibilities of the period, but remained in the intellectual discourse thanks to philosophers like Henri Bergson or Gilles Deleuze. Virtual space, as suggested by the media theoretician Peter Weibel, is a sensory realm. It is a sphere conditioned by human perception. Therefore, it can be approached as a laboratory for the study of human senses and their agency. The impact of out-of-body illusions on the perception of virtual spaces can, thus, be studied as a creative act. The body, thus, opposes the conventional narratives of its exclusion from the virtual and of its dangers to the embodiment. The perceived virtual embodiment organizes and defines virtual spaces independently from the digital code. The spaces emerging from the perception in the virtual resist previous experience with physical spaces. They diverge from Euclidean space, their functioning and form are fully dependent on the human embodied perceiver. The body resists the power of the digital. FR La recherche contemporaine en neurosciences cognitives étudie les relations entre le soi et l’incarnation en induisant artificiellement des illusions de hors-corps. En concevant des images corporelles spéculatives et en y transférant l’incarnation perçue des sujets, ils explorent les mécanismes cognitifs qui sous-tendent la perception du soi. Outre les modifications dans la perception du corps propre des sujets, on peut y identifier l’impact des illusions de hors-corps sur la perception de l’espace. L'observation relie la recherche aux théories esthétiques nées au XIXe siècle issues des études scientifiques de la perception humaine, en psychophysique ou en psychologie expérimentale. Les théories formulées par les disciplines scientifiques ont été adoptées par l'esthétique où elles ont persisté jusqu'à ce qu'elles aient prouvé leur potentiel dans les médias numériques. Les affirmations de Fechner, Wundt et de leurs disciples ont précédé les possibilités expérimentales de l'époque, mais sont restées dans le discours intellectuel grâce à des philosophes comme Henri Bergson ou Gilles Deleuze. L’espace virtuel, comme le suggère le théoricien des médias Peter Weibel, est un domaine sensoriel. C'est une sphère conditionnée par la perception humaine. Par conséquent, il peut être considéré comme un laboratoire pour l’étude des sens humains et de leur action. L’impact des illusions hors du corps sur la perception des espaces virtuels peut ainsi être étudié comme un acte créatif. Le corps s’oppose ainsi aux récits conventionnels de son exclusion du virtuel et de ses dangers pour l’incarnation. L’incarnation virtuelle perçue organise et définit des espaces virtuels indépendamment du code numérique. Les espaces émergeant de la perception dans le virtuel résistent à l’expérience antérieure avec les espaces physiques. Ils s'écartent de l'espace euclidien, leur fonctionnement et leur forme dépendent entièrement du percepteur humain incarné. Le corps résiste au pouvoir du numérique.

17 Mart 2005 günü Koyulhisar (Sivas, Türkiye) ilçesinin batısında büyük ve karmaşık bir heyelan oluşmuştur. Daha çok moloz ve çamur akması şeklindeki bu heyelan çok kısa bir sürede vadi içerisindeki Kuzulu yerleşim alanı üzerine akmış ve 15 kişi yaşamını yitirmiştir. Kuzulu heyelan bölgesi ve yakın çevresinin gerek bölgesel topografik yapısı gerekse taç ve topuk bölgesinin konumu, bu heyelanın tek türde ve tek bir hareketle sınırlı olarak gelişmiş basit bir kütle hareketi olmadığını göstermektedir. Bu bölgede 17 Mart 2005-Ağustos 2007 dönemleri arasında en az 4 büyük akma hareketi daha gerçekleşmiştir. Bu heyelanı hazırlayan ve hızlandıran en önemli faktörlerden birisi, taç bölgesi ve çevresinde gözlenen yoğun süreksizlik ve normal fay düzlemlerini kullanarak eriyen karlardan sızan yüzey ve yeraltı sularıdır. Bu sular oldukça altere olmuş volkanik kayaçları suya aşırı doygun hale getirmiştir. Altta yer alan kireçtaşı ile altere olmuş volkanik kayaçlar arasında gelişen bir yenilme yüzeyi boyunca büyük çoğunluğu volkanik kayaçlardan türemiş malzemenin hareket etmesine neden olmuştur. Günümüzde son derece gelişmiş teknolojik cihazlarla detaylı bir şekilde hareket hızları ve yönü izlenebilen kütle hareketlerinin neden ve sonuçlarının doğru yorumlanabilmesi için aynı zamanda bölgenin detaylı temel jeolojik haritalarının da yapılması gereklidir. Kuzulu heyelanının gelişim biçimi ve tetikleyici faktörleri hakkında farklı görüş ve yorumlamalar söz konusu olup, farklılığın temel nedeninin heyelan bölgesi ve çevresinin jeolojik ve tektonik yapısının ayrıntılı araştırılmamasından kaynaklanmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, bölgenin temel jeolojik özelliklerini ortaya koyan detaylı yeni jeolojik harita yapılmış olup, önceki yapılan çalışmalarla karşılaştırmalı olarak heyelanın özellikleri yeniden değerlendirilmiştir. Kuzulu Heyelan bölgesinin heyelan öncesi ve heyelan sonrası uydu görüntülerinden oluşturulan Sayısal Yükseklik Modeli (SYM) haritaları yardımıyla toplam 10.367.766 m3’lük bir hacimsel hareket oluşmuş olup, heyelan sınırları içerisinde kalan bölgeden net olarak 9.372.880 m3’lük bir malzemenin aktığı hesaplanmıştır. Kentsel planlama ve yerleşime uygunluk açısından yapılacak çalışmalarda zeminin mühendislik jeolojisi özelliklerinin yanı sıra çevredeki bölgenin jeomorfolojik yapısı da önem taşımaktadır. Koyulhisar ilçe merkezinin KAFZ gibi aktif bir fay zonunun hemen yakınında ve aktif bir heyelan üzerinde olması, buna tipik bir örnektir. Ayrıntılı jeolojik, jeomorfolojik, heyelan duyarlılık, tehlike ve risk haritalarının yapılması deprem ve heyelanların öncesi ve sonrasında oluşabilecek her türlü zararları önleme açısından büyük önem taşımaktadır.

Architectural structural precast concrete components are being used on an increasing number of prestigious commercial buildings.Designers are becoming more aware of the high-quality finishes which are possible in prefabricated units, but changes have to be made in the way that the traditional precast concrete structures are conceived and designed.Numerous proprietary and non-proprietary precast structural systems have been developed in the world in the last 30 years.This paper summarizes the essential elements of several precast structural systems suitable for office buildings, schools, healthcare facilities, parking garages, and multi-story residential and multi-story commercial structures.

One of the aims of this study is to present foreign, Czech, and Slovak projects created by generating literary texts through the use of artificial neural networks (we propose the term synthetic textual media). However, the main goal is to provide a critical analysis of the presentation strategies applied in the publication and promotion of the results of these projects. We will therefore test the hypothesis that these modes of presentation lead to the mythicisation of artificial intelligence and inappropriately skew the share of human and non-human involvement in the production of generative texts. We understand synthetic textual media and their presentational paratexts in complementary textual relations, and stress the necessity of critically analysing them as a whole. This stems from the fact that the current practice of literature generated by artificial neural networks is not suitable for a close reading approach without reductive reception and (mis)interpretation. We are also aware of the specificity of the reception processes initiated by literary texts of this kind and strive to support the concept of literary metareading, which we consider more appropriate for the technological and literary levels of this type of text.

Abstract Research into paper artworks and the identification of drawing techniques dating from the 15th to the 19th century from the collection of Slovak National Gallery revealed that the most frequently used means of writing was a set of brown-gray inks. This set includes bistre, sepia, and iron-gall inks (IGI). The light fastness of these organic compounds is not considered very high. Moreover, iron gall inks attack paper support by the processes commonly known as iron gall ink corrosion. In the experimental part of the research, the stability of three different brown-gray inks was studied. Model inks, i.e. bistre, sepia and IGI with two molar ratios Fe : gallic acid were prepared according to historical recipes. Whatman paper was used as a support material. Samples were submitted to accelerated aging in closed vessels at 100°C with and without the presence of NO2 in concentration of 100 ppm as well as to the light aging in a light chamber. Changes of mechanical, optical and chemical properties of the samples as well as spectra in the IR region were studied. The observed changes allowed an evaluation of the effect of particular inks on paper support and effect of various external factors of aging (temperature, light, pollutants) on the model systems. Simultaneous thermal analysis (DTA/TG) was carried out in order to study the thermo-oxidative stability of the materials. Sepia and bistre inks have been assessed as generally more stable than iron-gall inks.