Al Asmarya University for Islamic Sciences

In medical sector, the use of computers and information technology helps in diagnosis, especially the computer-based patient record (CPR). As the traditional method of storing patient files is not feasible to obtain the health file, especially those who are in critical conditions, such as accidents, loss of consciousness and memory at times, due to the consumption of a lot of time and effort in the process of manual searching in traditional files. In order to help health care centers quickly identify patient personal data and make accurate decisions, an automated electronic system for patient health files based on a fingerprint sensor was built using special methods and technologies such as Content-Based Image Retrieval (CBIR) system, which is a retrieval technology based on the similarity of the images has the potential to facilitate identification and diagnosis of the patient's condition when he or she is unconscious. This study aims to integrate different technologies and discuss issues related to the electronic health file system based on the patient's fingerprint data, the use of (fingerprint sensor) technology, linking to the patient file data system, storage in fingerprint databases, and health data for each. sick.; To help critical cases, in addition to applying this technology and employing it in the ambulance and diagnostic system in order to improve the level of medical services and reach the desired results. The results showed that the electronic health profile was successfully built, designed and implemented for its intended purpose, the system and the destinations that connect users to the system as well as the fingerprint sensor. Finally, the system is efficient and gives reliable results with up to 100% tested accuracy based on the states it was stored.

This paper presents a ventilator that is characterized by simple construction and operation, as well as accurate execution of tasks due to the control system based on the Arduino board and servo motor. The device presented in this research is composed of two main parts: the mechanical part, represented by pliers, which are two opposite plates that can be moved at a specific angle and speed with the assistance of a servo motor connected to these two pliers by two iron rods, and the electronic part, which serves as the base for the ventilator described in this paper. The electronic component consists of a keypad, an Arduino board, and a servo motor. a display screen that shows the user-entered settings is also included. The main goal of this paper is to accurately adjust the amount of oxygen flowing to the patient through the ability of this device to determine the angle of the motor, and the number of breathing times that can be adjusted by adjusting the speed of the engine. A model of the proposed ventilator has been implemented and successfully tested in terms of modifying the motor angle and how rapidly the bag is pressed (motor speed). wherever the control system’s settings have all been accurately and completely applied. In comparison to other devices proposed in numerous studies, this device is characterized by the simplicity of its design, the affordability of its parts, as well as its light weight, which makes it easier to carry and move from one place to another. It is also distinguished by its accuracy in controlling the amount of oxygen required as well as the number of breathing cycles per minute.

Background: Infections caused by antibiotic resistance pose a serious global health threat, undermining our ability to treat common infections and deliver complex medical procedures. Antibiotic misuse, particularly in low-middle-income countries, is accelerating this problem. Aim of Study: The aim of this systematic review was to investigate the use of antibiotics and antibiotic resistance in dentistry. Patients and Methods: A systematic search was performed in PubMed, Google Scholar, Embase, the Cochrane library, and Web of Science, for studies that investigated the use of antibiotics and antibiotic resistance in dentistry. After extracting data, the pooled sensitivity, specificity, constructed summary receiver operating characteristics curve and positive likelihood ratio were estimated. 1436 abstracts were reviewed after duplication removal and subsequently the full text of the 110 articles was obtained according to the inclusion criteria. A total of 99 studies were excluded. Results: 12 studies were considered eligible after full-text review.The results revealed that there was significant improvement in homogeneity in subgroups classified by state, p-value, imaging techniques, and other factors (Chl2=148.60, p=<0.00001),I =93). Conclusions: The missuse of antibiotics contributes to the development of bacterial resistance. A proper use of antibiotics in treatment of dental, dental infections play a critical role in avoiding the emergence and transmission of resistance, and all healthcare personnel must be aware of this.

Background: Measles surveillance program plays an essential role in determining disease prevalence data and outbreaks as well as monitoring the preventive activities toward measles elimination. This study illustrates epidemiological measles indicators through the national measles surveillance program in Libya in the year 2018. Materials and Methods: Annual measles surveillance report in 2018 was analyzed to figure out the spread of measles disease. Case-based surveillance is being implemented to notify suspected measles cases (skin rash and fever) through the measles surveillance system. The program depends on immediate notification of suspected measles cases and blood sample collection by official measles surveillance officers covered most health facilities in the country. National measles laboratory is the only official institute authorized to confirm measles cases. The characteristics such as the number of confirmed measles cases, deaths, age group, measles trends, and vaccination status were analyzed to find the indicators, as well as the incidence rate of measles cases was calculated nationwide. Results: Total number of measles cases was 1059 confirmed from 1852 suspected measles cases. Of confirmed cases, 339 were laboratory confirmation and 720 were epi-linked, with limited deaths (2 cases) were registered in the year. Seven outbreaks were detected in several locations. The age group of most cases (86%) was below 3 years of age group. Measles incidence was 152 per million which higher than previous years and comparable to many neighboring countries. The measles vaccine was not reached to 47% of suspected cases. Seasonality of measles was not in normal trend as it was continued high even in the summer month. Conclusion: A significant measles burden was shown through the measles surveillance system even though high measles vaccination coverage rate was officially documented. Supplementary immunization activities should be an essential action point to mitigate measles morbidity.

تناول البحث دراسة وقائع جرمية اإلابدة اجلماعية يف رواندا من خالل توضيح مفهوم اإلابدة اجلماعية، وحتليل عوامل نشأة واستمرار الصراع السياسي اإلثين ادلسلح، وعرض مراحل تطوره الذي كانت هنايتو وقوع جرمية اإلابدة اجلماعية، اليت بلغ عدد ضحاايىا مليون شخص من التوتسي وادلتعاطفني معهم.لقد كان اجملتمع الرواندي ادلكون من ثالث مجاعة إثنية ) اذلوتو، والتوتسي، والتوا(، قبل ادلرحلة االستعمارية يعيش حياة مستقرة زلكومة بعالقة اقتصادية واجتماعية وسياسية خيضع فيها اذلوتو لسيطرة التوتسي، مع إمكانية تغيري االنتماء للهوتو أو التوتسي بتغري الوضع االقتصادي، ىذه العالقة غري العادلة يف اجملتمع الرواندي ىي العامل الرئيسي ادلنشئ للصراع يف رواندا، فبعد خضوع اجملتمع الرواندي للسيطرة االستعمارية االدلانية مث البلجيكية اليت أدت سياستهما إىل تغذية العنصرية اإلثنية يف رواندا نشأ الصراع السياسي اإلثين ادلسلح، واستمر منذ قيام الثورة االجتماعية سنة 9151 واستقالل رواندا سنة9169 وحىت وقوع جرمية اإلابدة اجلماعية سنة 9114 بسبب رلموعة من العوامل السياسية واالجتماعية واالقتصادية والثقافية وأتثريىا يف تغذية الصراع وتصاعده.لقد استطاعت رواندا جتاوز أزمتها من خالل رلموعة من االجراءات وادلعاجلات يف اجلانب السياسي الذي عمل على توحيد اذلوية الوطنية، واحتواء كل مكوانت اجملتمع من دون عنصرية أو إقصاء، و اجلانب االقتصادي الذي جنح يف حتقيق تنمية حقيقة يف سلتلف اجملاالت، إضافة إىل اجملهودات الفاعلة يف حتقيق ادلصاحلة، والعدالة االنتقالية، فأصبحت منوذج ميكن االستفادة منو يف اجملتمعات اليت تعاين صراعات مسلحة.

This study compared the transportation and centering ability of ProTaper Next (PTN) and WaveOne Gold (WOG) files in curved permanent teeth using micro-computed tomography (μCT). Twenty-four molar teeth with curved roots were divided randomly into two equal groups. The root canals of one group was prepared using PTN files, and the other using WOG files. Pre-instrumentation and post-instrumentation μCT imaging were taken for all the teeth. The dentine thickness of the pre-and the post-instrumentation cross sections was measured at eight different points at three levels: 3, 5 and 7mm from the apex, by two dentists using image analysis software. The data were analysed using one-way ANOVA, at a 5% significance level. The transportation in both groups was within the range accepted in the literature. The WOG file exhibited significantly less root canal transportation compared with the PTN file (p=0.001). The WOG file showed a significantly (p&lt;0.001) higher mean centering ratio of 0.4286 when compared to that of PTN at 0.2448. Using a novel technique to measure canal transportation, this study found that the WOG and PTN systems were both suitable for preparation of curved molar root canals, but the WOG showed significantly less canal transportation and better centering ability than the PTN system.