Al-Mustafa International University

Social media platforms have become integral to daily life, influencing health behaviors like physical activity, diet, sleep, and social interactions, as well as outcomes including mental well-being, physical health, and disease management. The global reach of social media highlights its importance in current public health. While social media is highly promising, it also has many challenges due to misinformation and fake narratives. This chapter will give a balanced view of the benefits and challenges of Social Media towards health. Health campaigns can target different segments of populations by customizing messages to match financial, linguistic, and cultural conditions. This chapter aims to offer a thorough structure for grasping and exploiting social media in public health. Offering insightful advice for stakeholders ranging from politicians to teachers, the study combines empirical evidence with practical advice. The chapter highlight the transforming possibilities of social media and stress careful integration into public health systems.

تهدف هذه الدراسة إلى الكشف عن أثر الاستمالات الإقناعية في مواجهة الحرب النفسية في الإعلام العراقي الجديد من منظور الخبراء، في ظل التحديات التي تواجه البيئة الإعلامية الرقمية، خصوصًا أثناء انتخابات مجالس المحافظات العراقية لعام 2023. اعتمدت الباحثة المنهج الوصفي التحليلي، وجمعت البيانات عن طريق أداتين أساسيتين: الاستبانة المطبقة على عينة مكونة من (100) مبحوث، والمقابلات المعمقة مع (10) خبراء في الإعلام والتواصل. وكان السؤال الرئيس: (ما هو أثر الاستمالات الاقناعية في مواجهة الحرب النفسية في الإعلام العراقي الجديد من وجهة نظر الخبراء؟) أظهرت النتائج أن الاستمالات العاطفية تعد الأكثر فاعلية في مواجهة الحملات النفسية، تليها الاستمالات المنطقية ثم الأخلاقية. كما تبين أن الإعلام الرقمي أكثر تأثيرًا من الإعلام التقليدي في التعبئة والتأثير على الجمهور، إلا أنه يواجه تحديات أبرزها ضعف التنظيم وانتشار الأخبار المضللة. وتوصي الدراسة بضرورة تطوير استراتيجيات إعلامية قائمة على استمالات مدروسة، تعزز وعي الجمهور وتحصّنه ضد الدعاية النفسية، فضلا عن الاستثمار في التقنيات الحديثة وبناء قدرات الكوادر الإعلامية.

<title>Abstract</title> <bold>Background:</bold> (Hb) is the primary biomarker for diagnosing and monitoring anemia in clinical and public health settings. Although Hb levels decline with age, this pattern is often accepted as a normal part of aging, without adequate consideration of modifiable factors such as iron status and inflammation. This oversight may lead to misclassification of anemia etiology, especially in older adults. <bold>Methods</bold> : A cross-sectional study was conducted in Baghdad, Iraq, among 600 individuals aged 20–70 years, including healthy individuals and those with chronic inflammatory diseases. The participants were divided into young (20–39 years), middle-aged (40–59 years), and old (60 years and above) groups. Multivariate linear regression, including age-stratification, was used to determine independent determinants of hemoglobin, with special attention to iron status (log-transformed serum ferritin), inflammation (hs-CRP &gt; 3.0 mg/L), smoking, chronic kidney disease, and nutritional deficiencies. <bold>Results</bold> : After adjustment for covariates, the association between age and hemoglobin was substantially attenuated. Elevated hs-CRP was strongly associated with lower hemoglobin in young adults (β = −1.55 g/dL) and moderately associated in older adults (β = −0.79 g/dL). Serum ferritin was a significant positive determinant of hemoglobin in middle-aged and older adults, but not in young adults. Smoking was associated with higher hemoglobin only in young adults. The models explained approximately 45–55% of the variability in hemoglobin within each age stratum. <bold>Conclusions</bold> : Variation in hemoglobin concentration among Iraqi adults is primarily related to iron status and systemic inflammation rather than chronological age. These findings challenge the use of age-specific hemoglobin cutoffs without consideration of inflammation and iron status, and suggest that anemia in older adults should not be dismissed as an inevitable consequence of aging.

This research investigates the hypothesis of a failing employment transmission mechanism in translating economic growth into poverty reduction within Iraq's rentier economy. Utilizing annual panel data (2005-2023) and employing a Panel Vector Auto regression (PVAR) methodology, the analysis reveals: (1) a 10% increase in oil-sector growth yields merely a 0.7% rise in non-oil employment; (2) the employment channel accounts for only 22% of the total growth effect on poverty mitigation; (3) institutional corruption diverts approximately 65% of the potential employment-generating impact of growth; and (4) oil-sector expansion exhibits no statistically significant correlation with the creation of productive employment. The study concludes by proposing a tripartite reform model aimed at transforming the social contract from rent-distribution to productivity-based growth.

This article departs from the problem of how the youth da'wah movement is realized through new media, and how the representation of hijrah is depicted in the film Ketika Mas Gagah Pergi by Helvy Tiana Rosa. This study uses a qualitative approach with a content analysis method for films, as well as examines various supporting literature related to youth da'wah, new media, and Islamic popular culture in Indonesia. The analysis shows that the film Ketika Mas Gagah Pergi represents hijrah as a process of spiritual and social transformation of urban youth from hedonistic life to meaningful religiosity. Da'wah in this film is present through emotional and visual narratives that are close to the experiences of young people, not through normative lectures. In addition, the film Ketika Mas Gagah Pergi functions not only as a medium for da'wah, but also as a place for the representation of the identity and spirituality of young Muslims. However, the film also shows ambivalence in the representation of hijrah between substantive and symbolic transformations so that it demands critical reflection on the commodification of religion in the space of popular culture.

Background and Study Aim. In modern sports education, the development of both cognitive and motor skills is an important component of effective training. Multiple intelligences and futsal-specific abilities, such as passing accuracy and ball control, are key elements that support students’ overall performance. Although differentiated learning strategies are applied in educational practice, their relative effectiveness in enhancing these domains remains a subject of practical interest. The aim of this study was to assess the effectiveness of a differentiated learning strategy in improving multiple intelligences and futsal-specific skills (passing accuracy and ball control) among female students. Material and Methods. Forty students participated during the 2024–2025 academic year at Al-Qasim Green University, Iraq. Thirty students were randomly assigned to an experimental group (n = 15) and a control group (n = 15), while ten students took part in a pilot study. A structured 12-week training program (24 sessions, 90 minutes each, twice weekly) was designed based on differentiated instruction principles. Outcomes were assessed using the Multiple Intelligences Scale, the Ball Passing Accuracy Test, and the Ball Control Test. Results. ANCOVA revealed significant group effects across all variables. The experimental group outperformed the control group in multiple intelligences (F = 112.788, p &lt; 0.001, η² = 0.807), passing accuracy (F = 65.139, p &lt; 0.001, η² = 0.707), and ball control (F = 105.828, p &lt; 0.001, η² = 0.797). Estimated marginal means confirmed these findings, with higher post-test scores for the experimental group (MI = 147.8 vs. 142.7; PA = 11.5 vs. 9.5; BC = 6.2 vs. 4.6). Conclusions. Differentiated learning strategies tailored to students’ intelligence profiles proved highly effective in enhancing both cognitive (multiple intelligences) and motor (passing and ball control) domains. These findings highlight the pedagogical value of integrating adaptive instructional models into sports education curricula.

This paper examines the use of music and multimedia as two key components for enriching the learning experience in general education. This multidimensional approach offers tremendous opportunities to increase student engagement and motivation by integrating powerful tools that support student-centered learning development. The integration of music and multimedia has a profound impact on stimulating critical thinking and improving memory. This study aims to shed light on how these two components can be used together to create dynamic and inclusive learning environments that enhance engagement and knowledge acquisition. The cognitive and emotional benefits of music and multimedia include stimulating creativity, improving communication and collaboration skills, and helping to create a learning environment that supports students' emotional well-being. Multimedia offers rich opportunities for illustrating concepts and creating learning situations that can be adapted to the diverse needs of students, while music creates an atmosphere that encourages deep and engaged learning. This study explores the ways in which music and multimedia can be integrated to provide a richer learning experience and prepare students for a technology-driven future. In addition to the theoretical component, a quantitative study was conducted. Data collected from surveys and the analysis of results will provide valuable suggestions for improving teaching practices.

Background: Lung cancer remains the leading cause of cancer-related mortalityworldwide, but the past ten years have seen transformative advances in its detectionand treatment. This review provides a comprehensive overview of recent developmentsin lung cancer research (2015–2025), with a focus on lung cancer biology, innovativetherapies (targeted drugs and immunotherapy), the role of artificial intelligence (AI),and contributions from global research efforts.Methods: We surveyed the literature from the last decade, including clinical trialresults, epidemiological studies, and translational research, to summarize key findings.Particular emphasis was placed on high-impact studies, emerging technologies, andmultidisciplinary approaches.Results: Significant progress has been made in early detection (with low-dose CTscreening reducing mortality in high-risk groups), molecular profiling of tumors (en-abling personalized targeted therapies for oncogene-driven cancers), and immunother-apy (immune checkpoint inhibitors yielding durable remissions in a subset of advancedlung cancer patients). AI techniques have been applied in lung cancer for enhancedimaging analysis, pathology, risk prediction, and treatment decision support. Numer-ous international collaborations and trials have accelerated these advances. However,challenges remain, including drug resistance, early detection in broader populations,and disparities in access to new treatments.Conclusion: The last decade’s innovations have markedly improved lung cancer out-comes and reshaped clinical practice. Ongoing research into novel therapeutic targets,optimization of immunotherapy, integration of AI, and tailored public health strate-gies promises to further reduce lung cancer mortality and improve patient quality oflife. Continued global collaboration will be crucial in sustaining this momentum andovercoming the remaining challenges in lung cancer control.

Abstract: The moral crisis in contemporary society has had a significant impact on the resilience and harmony of Muslim families. Issues such as divorce, domestic violence, and the erosion of ethical values in parenting reflect the lack of awareness toward Islamic family law. This study aims to examine the humanistic approach to da’wah as a strategic method to raise legal consciousness within Muslim families. Employing a library research method, this study analyzes classical and contemporary literature related to da’wah, Islamic law, and the social dynamics of families. The findings reveal that humanistic da’wah emphasizing compassion, dialogue, empathy, and contextual relevance is more effective in addressing emotional and social aspects than conventional normative preaching. The implementation of this approach through sakinah family training, interactive religious gatherings, digital media, and the role of preachers as family counselors contributes to increased legal awareness, participation in religious activities, and family resilience amidst moral challenges. The study recommends integrating humanistic da’wah into Islamic educational and religious institutions to ensure Islamic family law is fully internalized and grounded in everyday family life. Keywords: humanistic da’wah, Islamic family law, legal awareness, Muslim family, moral crisis Abstrak: Krisis moral yang melanda masyarakat modern berdampak serius pada ketahanan dan keharmonisan keluarga Muslim. Fenomena seperti perceraian, kekerasan rumah tangga, serta lunturnya nilai akhlak dalam mendidik anak menunjukkan lemahnya kesadaran terhadap hukum keluarga Islam. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji pendekatan dakwah humanis sebagai strategi penyadaran hukum keluarga Islam yang lebih relevan dan efektif. Dengan menggunakan metode studi pustaka (library research), kajian ini menganalisis berbagai literatur klasik dan kontemporer terkait dakwah, hukum Islam, dan dinamika sosial keluarga. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dakwah humanis yang menekankan nilai kasih sayang, dialog, empati, dan pendekatan kontekstual lebih mampu menyentuh aspek emosional masyarakat dibanding dakwah normatif-konvensional. Implementasi strategi ini melalui pelatihan keluarga sakinah, majelis taklim interaktif, media digital, dan peran da’i sebagai konselor terbukti meningkatkan kesadaran hukum, partisipasi keluarga dalam kegiatan keagamaan, serta ketahanan keluarga dalam menghadapi krisis moral. Penelitian ini merekomendasikan integrasi dakwah humanis ke dalam kebijakan lembaga keagamaan dan pendidikan Islam agar hukum keluarga Islam dapat diinternalisasi secara utuh dan membumi dalam kehidupan keluarga Muslim. Kata kunci: dakwah humanis, hukum keluarga Islam, kesadaran hukum, keluarga Muslim, krisis moral

This study investigates the effect of helix angle on the performance of electric vehicle transmission systems using a helical-rotor-geared test apparatus. Several gears and pinions with different helix angles were manufactured and tested at two rotational speeds. The research combined theoretical modeling and finite element analysis to calculate natural frequencies, followed by vibration analysis using an experimental setup. The Fast Fourier Transform was applied to accelerometer data to evaluate the dynamic behavior. The results showed that larger helix angles reduced vibration amplitude and noise levels. This occurs because smoother meshing at higher angles leads to improved load distribution and lower transmission disturbances. The combination of simulation and physical testing supports the optimization of gear dynamics in electric vehicle powertrains, contributing to quieter and more efficient systems.