American Beverage Association

Beverages are major dietary components of the United States (U.S.) population. Understanding the current consumption pattern of beverages is an important element in supporting healthy diets. Our objective was to assess the validity of the 24-h beverage consumption recall data collected in 2021 through a self-administered online questionnaire (referred to as the American Beverage Association-Brandscapes Worldwide survey, ABA-BSW) by comparing it to the 24-h dietary recall data collected in the 2017-2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Summary statistics on the reported consumption amounts and consumption occasions (COs) of 13 beverage types (e.g., bottled water, carbonated soft drinks (CSD), tea, and others) by participants aged 13-64 years were compared between ABA-BSW (n = 20,553) and NHANES (n = 4437). The average daily consumption amount among consumers of all 13 beverage types combined was higher in ABA-BSW than in NHANES (1903 mL/day vs. 1704 mL/day). Within each beverage type, the average daily consumption amounts among consumers were generally lower in ABA-BSW except for CSD, plant-based drinks, and still juices and fruit-flavored drinks. Compared to NHANES, ABA-BSW participants reported consuming a wider variety of beverage groups, a higher number of COs per day, and lower consumption amounts within a given CO. Overall, beverage consumption patterns observed in ABA-BSW and NHANES were generally similar, supporting the design and implementation of the former survey. Further, the ABA-BSW data provide additional information on the within-day temporal beverage consumption patterns among adolescents and adults in the U.S. Differences in the observed consumption patterns between the surveys may be the result of various factors, including the survey implementation method, a consumption pattern shift between the survey time periods, beverage type availability, and impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on dietary patterns.

Beverages play an important role in hydration and beverage choices have changed over the last few years. Therefore, it is important to understand beverage consumption patterns. Using data from the 2003‐2004 and 2005‐2006 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), we examined beverage consumption for males and females aged 6‐11, 12‐19, 20‐39, 40‐59, and 60+ years and compared the results with those we published previously using NHANES 1999‐2002 data. Appropriate survey weights were used to calculate average consumption of fruit juices, coffee, tea, milk products, regular fruit drinks/ades, diet fruit drinks/ades, regular carbonated soft drinks (RCSD), and diet carbonated soft drinks (DCSD). Preliminary results show that beverage consumption patterns have changed. On average, RCSD, milk products, and fruit juice consumption have decreased, while consumption of diet fruit drinks/ades has increased across most age groups. Many of the consumption pattern differences between race/ethnicities found using the 1999‐2002 data persist.This study was supported by the American Beverage Association.

In Brief OBJECTIVE To investigate whether the rate of caffeine metabolism influences spontaneous abortion risk. METHODS We studied 101 women with normal karyotype spontaneous abortions and 953 pregnant women at 6–12 gestational weeks. Participants reported on caffeine intake and provided urine for phenotyping cytochrome P4501A2 (CYP1A2) activity and blood for genotyping N-acetylation (NAT2) status. We calculated odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) to evaluate the association between each of the two metabolic indices and spontaneous abortion risk and also the potential interaction between caffeine intake and metabolic activity on such risk. In calculating the associations between the metabolic indices and risk of spontaneous abortion, we had 80% power to detect an OR of 2.1, with a Type I error of 0.05. RESULTS Slow acetylators had a nonsignificantly increased risk for spontaneous abortion (OR 1.36, 95% CI 0.84, 2.21) and recurrent spontaneous abortion (OR 2.51, 95% CI 0.81, 7.76). In contrast, low CYP1A2 activity was associated with a significantly decreased risk for spontaneous abortion (OR 0.35, 95% CI 0.20, 0.63). Caffeine was a risk factor for spontaneous abortion among women with high, but not low, CYP1A2 activity (OR 2.42, 95% CI 1.01, 5.80 for 100–299 mg/day; OR 3.17, 95% CI 1.22, 8.22 for 300 mg/day or more, among women with high CYP1A2 activity). CONCLUSION The findings indicate that high CYP1A2 activity may increase the risk of spontaneous abortion, independently or by modifying the effect of caffeine. The results regarding NAT2 are less conclusive but suggest that slow acetylators may be at elevated risk of spontaneous abortion. A rapid rate of caffeine metabolism, as measured by cytochrome P4501A2 phenotype, is associated with an increased risk of first-trimester normal karyotype spontaneous abortion.

The regulations with which the soft drinks and fruit juice industry must comply are set out and discussed. They deal with standards of composition and the names that can be used to describe the different products. The more general labelling regulations to which soft drinks must conform are also considered.

Box, 10 cents to 50 cents.Bales, 25 cents to $1.50.CASES. 2 ft.by 2 ft.by 10 ft., $2.00 2 ft.by 2 ft.by 8 ft., 1.75 2 ft.by 2 ft.by 6 ft., 1.50 2 ft.by 2 ft.by 5 ft., 1.25 2 ft.by 2 ft.by 4 ft., 1.00 16 in.by 16 in.by 10 ft., 1.50 16 in.by 16 in.by 8 ft., 1.25 20 in.by 20 in.by 10 ft.. $1.75 20 in.by 20 in.by 8 ft., 1.50 20 in.by 20 in.by 6 ft.. 1.25 20 in.by 20 in.by 5 ft.. 1.00 20 in.by 20 in.bv 4 ft., .7516 in.by 16 in.by 6 ft.. 1.00 16 in.by 16 in.by 5 ft., .7516 in.by 16 in.by 4 ft...50 DEQDUOUS TREES AND SHRUBS* Fifty at the rate for 100.Five at the rate for 10.Less than five at the rate for ten, where the price is twenty-five cents or over.Less than five, add five cents each to rate for ten, where the rate for ten is less than twenty-five cents.Prices subject to stock not being sold.Per 10 Per 100 Acer dasycarpum, Silver Maple, 7 to 10 ft.3.50 6 to 8 ft.2.00 15.00 4 to 6 ft.1.25 10.00 var.Wieri laciniatum, 8 to 10 ft.6.00 5 to 6 ft.2.00 15.00 palmatiim, Japanese Maple (type) 5 to 7 ft.5.00 palmatum atropurpureum. 2 to 3 ft.10.00 Pennsylvanicum (striatum) 4 to 5 ft.4.00 3 to 4 ft.2.50 20.00 platinoides, 1^4 to ll^i n., 9 to 10 ft.6.00 50.00 6 to 7 ft.1.50 12.00 Pseudo -Platanus, 1 in.caliper, 8 to 10 ft.5.00 4 to 5 ft.1.75 15.00 saccharinum.Sugar Maple, 6 to 8 ft.2.50 20.00 2 to 3 ft.1.25 10.00 spicatum, 4 to 5 ft.2.50 20.00 2 to 3 ft.2.00 15.00 Schwedleri, 5 to 7 ft.5.00 45.00 Tartaricum, var.Ginnala, 5 to 6 ft.2.50 20.00 4 to 5 ft.2.00 15.00 18 to 24 in.1.00 8.00 ^senilis Hippocastaneum, heavy. 10to 12 ft.15.00 IVa to 2 in.caliper.8 to 9 ft.7.50 1 in caliper.6 to 8 ft.5.00 40.00 rubicunda, 1^4 in.up.cal., 8 to 10 ft.10.00 macrostachya, 18 in.1.50 Alnus incana, 5 to 6 ft.2.00 15.00 3 to 4 ft.1.00 8.00 Amelanchier Botryapium, 2 to 3 in.1.50 18 to 24 in.1.25 10.00 12 to 18 in.1.00 8.00 Andromeda arborea. 2 to 3 ft.3.50 Ligustrina, 2 ft.2.00 Per 10 Per 100 25 Andromeda racemosa, 2 to 3 ft.2.50 40 Japonica, 18 in.7.50 20 Aralia spinosa, 3 to 4 ft.2.50 30 2 ft.1.50 350 pentaphylla, 2 to 3 ft.1.25 10.00 200 18 to 24 in.1.00 8.00 50 Azalea arborescens, 18 to 24 in.5.00 90 12 to 18 in.3.00 25.00 25 calendulacea, 12 to 15 in.2.50 75 Ghent, 10 nam.varieties, 24 to 30 in.6.00 150 mollis, yellow or red, 18 to 24 in.3.50 30.00 300 12 to 18 in.3.00 25.00 nudiflora, 12 to 15 in.3.00 25.00 Vaseyi, 12 to 18 in.5.00 viscosum, 18 to 24 in.2.50 12 in.2.00 Baccharis halimifolia, 2 to 3 ft.1.00 8.00 Berberis Thunbergii, light, 18 to 24 in.1.00 8.00 12 to 15 in.5.00 vulgaris, 2 to 3 ft.1.00 5.00 18 to 24 in..504.00 purpurea, 3 to 4 ft.1.25 8.00 2 to 3 ft.1.00 5.00 18 to 24 in..503.00 Betula alba, 2 ft..755.00 alba, var.laciniata, 10 to 12 ft.7.50 4 to 5 ft.3.50 nigra, bushy, 5 to 6 ft.2.50 20.00 3 to 4 ft.1.50 12.00 papyrifera, 8 to 10 ft.4.00 5 to 6 ft.2.00 15.00 4 to 5 ft.1.00 8.00 3 to 4 ft..807.00 populifolia, 2 ft.1.25 8.00 Caragana arborescens, 3 to 5 ft.1.50 12.00 2 to 3 ft.1.00 8.00 475 Calycanthus floridus, 2 to 3 ft.1.00 8.00 125 Caryopteris Mastacanthus, blue spiraea, 18 in.1.00 8.00 50 12 to 18 in..806.00 80 Castanea sativa, American Chestnut, 4 to 6 ft.2.50 25 Carpinus Betulus, 3 to 5 ft.3.00 40 Catalpa speciosa, 2 in.caliper 5.00 150 6 to 8 ft.2.00 15.00 100 5 to 6 ft.1.50 12.