American Fork Hospital

Outcrops in Rock Canyon (northwestern Arizona) show a Smithian (early Olenekian, Early Triassic) sedimentary succession recording a marine transgression over fluvial conglomerates and leading to several metre-thick microbial limestones. These microbial limestones are associated with a diverse sponge assemblage including keratose demosponges, halichondrids, geodiids, lyssacine hexactinellids, and presumed chaetetids, suggesting that Early Triassic sponge communities were more diverse than previously thought. A presumed chaetetid (hypercalcified demosponge) specimen, identified by its lamellar 3D structure, shows slightly raised, subcircular domal structures formed by narrow, joining tubes arranged in a bush-like pattern. Microscopic observations also reveal residual tabula and sparse spicules. Other presumed chaetetid specimens show intense recrystallization that obliterates most of their characteristic skeletal structure. Although chaetetid sponges are well-documented in the Palaeozoic, they were absent until now from the Late Permian to Late Triassic record. Occurring about 2.5 myr after the Permian-Triassic extinction, the specimens from Rock Canyon would be the first Early Triassic chaetetids and the oldest known in the Mesozoic record. The rarity of Early Triassic chaetetids may be due to sampling and taphonomic biases. Their intense recrystallization and elongated shape exhibit a morphological convergence with large fenestrae commonly found in microbial limestones. During the Early Triassic, buildups composed of microbial limestones and sponges were widespread, occuring in the Panthalassa, Neotethys and Palaeotethys oceans across various depositional settings, from saline lagoons to open marine environments of varying depths. This broad distribution questions the view that these microbial-sponge communities were confined to localized refuge settings or stressful environmental conditions in the aftermath of the Permian-Triassic crisis.

Given rising mental health concerns among Pacific Islander (PI) adolescents, this population remains underserved by available mental health resources. This interpretative phenomenological analysis with focus groups (IPA-FG) examined the lived experiences and perceptions of 19 male PI adolescents (ages 14-16) from Native Hawaiian, Maori, Samoan, and Tongan backgrounds regarding mental health help-seeking behaviors. Four overarching themes emerged: stigma and judgment, cultural misalignment in professional services, impact of disclosure and perceived punitive consequences, and a complex ecosystem of trusted relationships as mental health support. Notably, participants expressed belief that disclosing mental health challenges would "ruin their lives" and held misconceptions about adults' ability to address mental health concerns. These findings are particularly significant given high suicidality rates among PI adolescents. This study provides insights for developing culturally responsive mental health interventions and highlights the urgent need to address mental health stigma within PI communities. Implications for practice are discussed.

Purpose : Drawing from occupational socialization theory and social capital theory, the purpose of this study was to investigate the socialization of physical education teachers in a professional learning community during induction. Method : Because this investigation consisted of a single school, a single instrumental case study design was utilized. The school was purposely chosen given its status as a “model professional learning community.” Two physical education teachers, three school administrators, and the founding principal participated in this study. Data collection consisted of a combination of dyadic interviews, focus groups, observations, and documents. Results : Data analysis revealed three overlapping themes with supportive categorical subthemes: (a) Dispersed and Inclusive Leadership, (b) Teacher Empowerment, and (c) Culture of Belonging. Discussion : Implications for physical education teachers include the necessity of ongoing collaboration with administrators, cross-curricular colleagues, and physical education teaching peers. Physical educators should seek to develop strong social capital within the school professional learning community.

Agriculture is a designed system with the largest areal footprint of any human activity. In some cases, the designs within agriculture emerged over thousands of years, such as the use of rows for the spatial organization of crops. In other cases, designs were deliberately chosen and implemented over decades, as during the Green Revolution. Currently, much work in the agricultural sciences focuses on evaluating designs that could improve agriculture's sustainability. However, approaches to agricultural system design are diverse and fragmented, relying on individual intuition and discipline-specific methods to meet stakeholders' often semi-incompatible goals. This ad-hoc approach presents the risk that agricultural science will overlook nonobvious designs with large societal benefits. Here, we introduce a state space framework, a common approach from computer science, to address the problem of proposing and evaluating agricultural designs computationally. This approach overcomes limitations of current agricultural system design methods by enabling a general set of computational abstractions to explore and select from a very large agricultural design space, which can then be empirically tested.

This department provides a space for current and past PK–12 teachers of mathematics to connect with other teachers of mathematics through their stories that lend personal and professional support.

ABSTRACT In this work, we compare large scale structure observables for stellar mass selected samples at z = 0, as predicted by two galaxy models, the hydrodynamical simulation IllustrisTNG and the Santa-Cruz semi-analytic model (SC-SAM). Although both models have been independently calibrated to match observations, rather than each other, we find good agreement between the two models for two-point clustering and galaxy assembly bias signatures. The models also show a qualitatively similar response of occupancy and clustering to secondary halo parameters other than mass, such as formation history and concentration, although with some quantitative differences. Thus, our results demonstrate that the galaxy–halo relationships in SC-SAM and TNG are quite similar to first order. However, we also find areas in which the models differ. For example, we note a strong correlation between halo gas content and environment in TNG, which is lacking in the SC-SAM, as well as differences in the occupancy predictions for low-mass haloes. Moreover, we show that higher order statistics, such as cumulants of the density field, help us to accurately describe the galaxy distribution and discriminate between models that show degenerate behaviour for two-point statistics. Our results suggest that SAMs are a promising cost-effective and intuitive method for generating mock catalogues for next generation cosmological surveys.

A face serum composed of a combination of biologically active compounds was evaluated for safety and efficacy in vitro, in a repeat insult patch test and in a human clinical efficacy trial. The serum inhibited tyrosinase activity modestly, decreased collagenase activity and exhibited notable free radical scavenging activity in vitro. It is gentle to the skin, as the serum did not irritate the skin or produce symptoms of allergic contact dermatitis in the 55 healthy adults that participated in the repeat insult patch test. In the efficacy trial, daily application of the face serum for 30 days significantly increased skin hydration, with all 35 volunteers experiencing improvement. Substantial improvements in skin elasticity, roughness (fine lines and wrinkles), and brightness also occurred during the trial. Dermatological examination also revealed a trend for reduced comedone count with use of the serum. Self-assessment responses revealed that all volunteers experienced improvements in multiple skin quality parameters and that participant perceptions are consistent with the results of the instrumental analyses. These findings indicated that the measured improvements in skin quality are not only statistically significant but are also clinically relevant as they were great enough for users of the face serum to feel and recognize.

BackgroundThe aim of this study was to determine the preferred practice guidelines of speech-language pathologists (SLPs) and school counselors on treating selective mutism (SM) and how families are involved in the intervention process.MethodTwo hundred one SLPs and school counselors took part in this study. A grounded theory approach was used to develop a brief online survey that included 10 multiple-response items and three questions allowing participants to provide write-in responses.ResultsGenerally, both SLPs and school counselors agreed with the American Speech-Language-Hearing Association's preferred practice guidelines on treating SM, with behavioral therapies selected most frequently as the treatment of choice, and participants almost unanimously agreed that family inclusion was “very important.”ConclusionThis research sheds light on how professionals who work with children with SM include parents in the therapy process and their preferred intervention techniques used.