American Hotel & Lodging Association

Penyelamatan danau prioritas nasional merupakan amanat Presiden yang tertuang dalam Perpres No. 60 Tahun 2021. Danau Maninjau, yang merupakan salah satu danau prioritas, memiliki manfaat multiguna termasuk untuk budi daya karamba jaring apung (KJA), namun terancam keberadaannya akibat adanya pencemaran. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis upaya penyelamatan Danau Maninjau dari dampak pencemaran air yang berasal dari kegiatan perikanan budi daya KJA. Data dan informasi primer dikumpulkan melalui observasi lapangan, wawancara, focus group discussion (FGD) yang melibatkan camat, wali nagari, pengurus asosiasi budi daya KJA, ketua kelompok poklahsar; serta pengumpulan data sekunder yang berasal dari instansi terkait yang relevan dengan kegiatan penelitian ini. Data dianalisis secara deskriptif untuk menghasilkan rekonstruksi permasalahan terkait budi daya KJA di danau tersebut dan mengidentifikasi strategi penyelamatannya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa peningkatan tajam pencemaran Danau Maninjau dapat dihubungkan dengan peningkatan jumlah KJA dari 16.380 petak pada tahun 2014 menjadi 17.417 petak pada tahun 2021, yang ditandai dengan kematian ikan massal dan kerusakan lingkungan lainnya. Upaya pengelolaan danau dan KJA melalui kebijakan moratorium penambahan KJA baru dan penyediaan mata pencaharian alternatif bagi pembudi daya terdampak merupakan kebijakan yang tepat, namun harus dibarengi dengan tindakan pendukung yang relevan. Pengawasan ketat terhadap pelaksanaan moratorium, pendataan KJA aktif melalui pemberlakuan Surat Keterangan Usaha atau bukti kepemilikan KJA merupakan langkah-langkah relevan yang diperlukan untuk mendukung pengendalian jumlah dan penataan KJA. Pemerintah Pusat, Daerah dan Nagari, dan harus diperankan secara efektif dan bertanggung jawab secara integratif dalam menyediakan sarana dan prasarana mata pencaharian alternatif prioritas bagi pembudi daya terdampak. Title: Management of Floating Net Cages (KJA) Aquaculture in an Effort To Save Maninjau LakeSaving effort of the national priority lake is the President’s mandate as stated in Presidential Regulation Number 60/2021. Maninjau Lake is included in the priority lakes with multipurpose benefits. One of the lake utilization is aquaculture activities in the form of Floating Net Cages (KJA). This study aims to analyze Maninjau Lake saving effort due to water pollution from Floating Net Cages (KJA) aquaculture activities. Primary data and information were collected through field observations, interviews, focus group discussions (FGD) with the Camat, wali nagari, management of the KJA cultivation association, head of the poklahsar group, as well as secondary data collection from relevant agencies related to this research activity. The data were analyzed descriptively in order to provide information about the general description of KJA cultivation and efforts to save Maninjau Lake. Based on previous study, from 2014 - 2021 there is an increase in the number of KJA from 16,380 plots to 17,417 plots which are suspected as the main source of pollution in the lake area and cause mass fish deaths and other environmental damage. One of the efforts to manage lakes and marine cages is through a moratorium policy on adding new marine cages. It is also expected that there will be socialization of alternative livelihoods for cultivators that affected by the policy. This decision has policy implications that must be carried out by both the Central and Regional Governments in terms of strictly monitoring the new KJA moratorium, collecting active KJA data by issuing a Certificate of KJA cultivation or proof of KJA ownership to support controlling the number of KJA, and arranging KJA. The Central, Regional and Nagari Governments are responsible integratively in providing priority alternative livelihood facilities and infrastructure for affected cultivators.

Unatoč razvijenim modernim sustavima mjerenja poslovnog rezultata, hotelska industrija u Hrvatskoj još uvijek ostaje orijentirana tradicionalnim oblicima i vrlo sporo se prilagođava suvremenim sustavima. Od 1926. godine hotelska industrija posjeduje vlastiti sustav evidentiranja i izvješćivanja poslovnog rezultata. Istraživanja pokazuju da je u posljednjih desetak godina povećan broj hotelskih poduzeća u Hrvatskoj koji uvodi metodu USALI. Iako se u osam desetljeća svojeg postojanja USALI poboljšavao i prilagođavao, danas ne udovoljava zahtjevima modernih sustava mjerenja i upravljanja poslovnim rezultatom. Stoga ga treba nadopuniti modernim računovodstvenim metodama, koje će nadomjestiti njegove nedostatke. Predlaže se integracija s obračunom troškova procesa.

An examination of 11 U.S. hotel chains' 1998 filings with the federal Equal Employment Opportunity Commission shows that nearly half of the managers in hotel properties are women. Specifically, in a sample of over 470 hotels comprising 5,447 individual managers, the split between male and female managers was 54 percent to 46 percent. However, just over 15 percent of the general managers were women, and most of the women are clustered in just a few management positions-namely, catering, sales and marketing, personnel, reservations, and housekeeping. For example, nearly 82 percent of the catering managers were women, and that figure was 74 percent for personnel managers. By contrast, the percentage of women in two positions that typically lead to the GM job-rooms (front office) manager and F&B manager-is nowhere near as high. While 53 percent of the front-office managers were women, only 17 percent of F&B managers were women. Women were likewise underrepresented on hotels' executive committees. Still, the overall picture is one of progress.

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