Anglo American (United Kingdom)

O presente artigo teve como objetivo analisar as relações entre currículo escolar, linguagem e formação docente, considerando suas implicações para a construção de práticas pedagógicas antidiscriminatórias na Educação Básica, à luz da diversidade cultural e das desigualdades historicamente constituídas no contexto educacional brasileiro. O tema abordado centrou-se na compreensão do currículo como espaço de disputas simbólicas, do preconceito linguístico como mecanismo de exclusão e da formação docente como mediação fundamental entre teoria e prática pedagógica. Metodologicamente, realizou-se uma pesquisa bibliográfica, baseada na seleção, leitura e análise crítica de produções acadêmicas recentes e relevantes, o que permitiu o diálogo teórico entre diferentes perspectivas e a articulação conceitual dos eixos investigados. Os resultados indicaram que práticas escolares orientadas por modelos homogêneos de ensino e por abordagens linguísticas normativas tendem a reforçar desigualdades, enquanto propostas pedagógicas intencionais, sustentadas por formação docente crítica, ampliam as possibilidades de pertencimento, participação e reconhecimento dos estudantes. Concluiu-se que o enfrentamento das discriminações no espaço escolar depende da articulação entre escolhas curriculares, tratamento pedagógico da linguagem e processos formativos docentes comprometidos com a justiça social e com o reconhecimento das diferenças.

Abstract Background Epidemiological and phenotypic variability across regions for IBD is well recognised; however, data from Latin America (LATAM) remain limited. Furthermore, specific data Crohn’s Disease (CD) related perianal fistula (PF-CD), a severe phenotype of CD is not available from across LATAM countries. This study aimed to compare the demographic, clinical, and phenotypic characteristics of PF-CD across four LATAM cohorts. Methods A retrospective study was conducted including patients with an established diagnosis of PF-CD from Argentina (N = 75), Chile (N = 49), Colombia (N = 145), and Peru (N = 22). Variables assessed included age at fistula diagnosis, CD duration prior to fistula onset, and prior exposure to immunomodulators and corticosteroids. Inter-country comparisons were performed using the chi-square test for categorical variables and the Kruskal–Wallis test for continuous variables. Results Based on the demographic profile described in Table 1, the cohort included 291 patients with a median age of 30 years at Crohn’s disease diagnosis and 31 years at PF-CD diagnosis, with a predominance of non-stricturing, non-penetrating disease (55%) and colonic or ileocolonic involvement (79%). As shown in Table 2, the median delay from CD diagnosis to PF-CD onset was 21 months [6–48], with substantial variation across countries. Overall, 54% of fistulas were classified as simple and 46% as complex. Active proctitis was present in 44% of patients, with the highest proportions observed in Argentina and Peru. Proctectomy was required in 3% of the cohort, though with notable inter-country variation. These findings highlight the clinical heterogeneity of PF-CD across Latin American settings. Conclusion This multicentre LATAM analysis demonstrates substantial inter-country variability in PF-CD presentation, including differences in disease behaviour, fistula complexity, and time to fistula development. Nearly half of patients presented with complex fistulas, and active proctitis was frequent across cohorts. These results underscore the importance of improving early detection and optimising multidisciplinary management. Overall, the findings highlight the phenotypic heterogeneity of PF-CD in Latin America and support the need for region-specific clinical strategies. Conflict of interest: Dr. Pavez, Carolina: No conflict of interest Juliao Baños, Fabián: No conflict of interest Balderramo, Domingo Cesar: No conflict of interest Cedron Cheng, Hugo Guillermo: No conflict of interest Hernandez-Rocha, Cristian: No conflict of interest Parra Izquierdo, Leidy Viviana: None Osorio, Laura: No conflict of interest Gil Parada, Fabio Leonel: No conflict of interest Puentes-Manosalva, Fabian: No conflict of interest Pizarro, Paula A.: No conflict of interest Etchevers, Maria Josefina: No conflict of interest Sobrero, Maria Josefina: No conflict of interest Montero, Joaquin: No conflict of interest Gil, Anibal Hector: No conflict of interest Sanchez, Maria Belen: No conflict of interest Sambuelli, Alicia: no Balaban, Ezequiel: No conflict of interest Rohwain, María José: No conflict of interest Alvarez-lobos, Manuel: No Conflicts Bellolio, Felipe: No conflict of interest Sepúlveda, Ignacia: No conflict of interest Hernandez, Elisa: No conflict of interest Pérez, Tamara: No conflict of interest Estay, Camila: No conflict of interest Rojas, René: No conflict of interest Sepulveda, Rolando: No conflict of interest Perez Alfaro, Ignacio: No conflict of interest Paredes Mendez, Juan: No conflict of interest Cervera Caballero, Luis: No conflict of interest Sebastian, Shaji: No conflict of interest Catalàn-Serra, Ignacio: No conflict of interest

Este estudo propõe o desenvolvimento de modelos preditivos para estimar o Limite de Umidade Transportável (TML) de minério de ferro, parâmetro essencial para a segurança do transporte marítimo de granéis sólidos. A metodologia adotada baseou-se em regressão linear múltipla aplicada a um banco de dados com variáveis físico-químicas, granulométricas e mineralógicas. Utilizando técnicas de regressão linear múltipla, foram analisados um conjunto de dados composto por variáveis físico-químicas, granulométricas e mineralógicas, obtidos da produção da Anglo American no Brasil. Foram elaborados seis modelos utilizando diferentes métodos de seleção de variáveis e critérios estatísticos como AICc e BIC. Os modelos foram avaliados com base nos coeficientes de determinação (R² e R² ajustado) e nos erros absolutos e percentuais entre os valores estimados e observados. Os modelos M2 e M4 destacaram-se por apresentarem alto desempenho preditivo com menor complexidade e maior robustez. A aplicação prática desses modelos permite otimizar a gestão logística, reduzir riscos operacionais e garantir a conformidade com as normas de segurança marítima, contribuindo para maior eficiência e previsibilidade nas operações de exportação de minério.

BACKGROUND Sleeve gastrectomy (SG) is widely used in obesity treatment, although it is associated with new onset of gastroesophageal reflux disease (de novo GERD) and weight regain. Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) is the standard revisional procedure for GERD, though it offers limited additional weight loss. Ileal-based procedures have demonstrated superior outcomes regarding weight loss but have uncertain results in GERD. This study presents preliminary findings on gastric bipartition with functional duodenal exclusion (GBp-FDE) as a revisional approach following SG in this scenario. CASE REPORT A retrospective data analysis was conducted on 10 patients who underwent GBp-FDE due to de novo GERD and obesity recurrence after SG (mean BMI: 37.2±3.2 kg/m²). Nine patients presented with hiatal hernia and 8 with sleeve dilation. GERD was assessed pre- and postoperatively using a validated questionnaire, endoscopy, and contrast radiology. The surgical technique involved a pre-pyloric antroileostomy in Roux-en-Y configuration using a 40% proportion biliopancreatic limb. One-year postoperative findings included pyloric spasm (endoscopy), very preferential contrast flow to the ileum (radiology), and endoscopic access preservation to the duodenum. GERD symptoms resolved in 90% (P=0.0059) and esophagitis healed in 80% (P=0.008), likely due to gastric decompression. Mean percent total weight loss and percent excess weight loss were 35.2±6.6 and 108.0±11.14, respectively. CONCLUSIONS GBp-FDE seems to be a promising surgery for managing de novo GERD and obesity recurrence after SG, through SG pouch decompression and ileal stimuli, promoted by the antroileostomy. Further controlled studies with extended follow-up are necessary to validate these findings.