Answare (Spain)

La Ley 7/2023, de 28 de marzo, de protección de los derechos y el bienestar de los animales, podría considerarse un avance significativo en la protección de los derechos y el bienestar de los animales en España, introduciendo un marco legal innovador que reconoce a los animales como "seres sintientes". Su objetivo principal es definir el marco normativo que permita obtener la mayor protección para los derechos y bienestar de los animales, tal como establece en su artículo 2. La legislación se centra en erradicar el maltrato y abandono animal, promoviendo la tenencia responsable mediante una serie de prohibiciones y obligaciones que afectan la vida de los animales de compañía. Más allá de un mínimo análisis legislativo como metodología, hay que plantearse: ¿Hacen caso a la Ley de Bienestar Animal? Este escrito pretende contribuir a dicho debate, con algunos ejemplos concretos, del Real Decreto 666/2023, de 18 de julio, por el que se regula la distribución, prescripción, dispensación y uso de medicamentos veterinarios, y de una experiencia en un pequeño municipio de la Axarquía de Málaga, con una colonia felina, con verdades a descifrar para futuras investigaciones del tipo: ¿estas leyes realmente mejoran el bienestar animal, o hace falta mucho más que normativas puntuales?

The tsunami-like smartphone revolution has fundamentally reshaped consumer behavior. It has caught retailers by surprise by bringing changes that were unforeseeable just a few years ago. This in turn is affecting value chains, which are becoming much more agile. And some organizations are adapting their products to incorporate digital features into traditionally physical experiences. All of these shifts are a result of big data.

Location of industries or services is a classical problem with an overlapping of techniques involving a geographic support, a quantitative evaluation of supply and demand components, and communication networks. Traditional Cost-Benefit Analysis are focused towards maximization of economic and social benefits in terms of distance maps, minimization transport costs and desirability of goods and services. Economic, population and infrastructures models are variable along time, and consequently, sites used for their representation must be adequately weighted according to different criteria. The aggregation of different criteria in a unique objective function (depending on adjustable parameters) allows to identify a unique solution for the problem in terms of weighted distance maps linked to the objective function. Thus, Weighted Voronoi Diagrams (WVD) provide the most adequate framework for computing and representing the optimal localization linked to a unique global function. This paper considers the interaction between Weighted Voronoi Diagrams and Multicriteria Analysis in Facility Location Problem. First, we introduce a weighted Voronoi diagram based on the places to avoid filter the points of the scenario from infinite to a finite number. Then, Multicriteria Analysis chooses one point of the resulting set from a function that accumulates a list of given criteria. As a result of the process we get the ideal position of the new facility we want to locate in. The solution can afford both private and public facilities, desirable or undesirable as well with three levels of application relative to urban, metropolitan and regional areas.