Anyang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine

Objective: To evaluate the clinical efficacy of Aina Xiang moxibustion in thermized acupuncture for degenerative lumbar spinal stenosis, providing a more optimized treatment protocol. Methods: A total of 60 patients with degenerative lumbar spinal stenosis admitted between January 2025 and December 2025 were randomly divided into two groups using a random number table method, with 30 patients in each group. The conventional thermized acupuncture group received moxa cones made from coarse mugwort wool, while the Aina Xiang moxibustion group received Aina Xiang sticks. Both groups underwent 7-day treatment courses for four consecutive sessions. Clinical outcomes were assessed using ODI scale scores, JOA scores, VAS scores, and clinical response rates at baseline, 2 weeks post-treatment, and 3 months post-treatment. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 13.0 software. Results: Pre-treatment comparisons of ODI scale scores, JOA scores, and VAS scores between the two groups showed no statistically significant differences (P > 0.05). At both 2-week post-treatment and 3-month follow-up, both groups demonstrated improvements in these metrics. Specifically, the Aina Xiangjiu Warm Needle Therapy group exhibited lower ODI scores (10.5 ± 2.8 points at 3-month post-treatment) and VAS scores (1.5 ± 0.8 points) compared to the conventional warm needle therapy group (15.8 ± 3.2 points vs 2.8 ± 0.9 points). The Aina Xiangjiu group also showed higher JOA scores (25.6 ± 1.8 points vs 22.1 ± 2.0 points) and a significantly greater clinical response rate (93.3% vs 76.7%) than the conventional group, with all differences reaching statistical significance (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Aina Xiangjiu demonstrates superior efficacy in improving lumbar function, alleviating pain, and enhancing clinical outcomes for degenerative lumbar spinal stenosis treated with warm needle therapy. This evidence-based approach provides valuable clinical guidance for managing such conditions and holds potential for broader application.

Introduction: This study aimed to assess the association of Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index (GNRI) with cognitive function level and cognitive impairment risk among older adults with cardiometabolic disease using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Methods: Using cross-sectional data from the NHANES, this research included 1,937 participants aged 60 years or older with at least one cardiometabolic disease (diabetes, hypertension, stroke, or congestive heart failure). Cognitive function was assessed using the CERAD tests, Animal Fluency Test (AFT), and Digit Symbol Substitution Test (DSST). Multivariable linear and logistic regression analyses were used to estimate the β coefficients and odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the associations of GNRI with cognitive function level and risk of cognitive impairment. Results: A total of 1937 participants aged≥60 years with cardiometabolic disease were included. The results showed that per 1-SD increase in GNRI was associated with increased cognitive function levels, including CERAD: Trial 1 (β=0.11, 95% CI: 0.03-0.19), CERAD: Trial 3 (β=0.12, 95% CI: 0.04-0.21), CERAD: Delayed Recall (β=0.21, 95% CI: 0.11-0.32), CERAD test (β=0.53, 95% CI: 0.23-0.82), and AFT (β=0.34, 95% CI: 0.11-0.57) scores. Restricted cubic splines showed significantly positive linear dose-response associations between GNRI and cognitive function. Compared to participants with the lowest quartile (Q1) of GNRI, those with the highest quartile (Q4) had a lower cognitive impairment risk (OR=0.59, 95% CI: 0.41-0.85). Discussion: Potential mechanisms underlying GNRI’s protective effect against cognitive impairment may involve the pleiotropic neuroprotection of albumin and body mass index-mediated brain structural changes. Conclusion: Higher GNRI is independently associated with better cognitive function and reduced risk of cognitive impairment in older adults with cardiometabolic diseases. To mitigate cognitive risk, implementing GNRI screening may identify high-risk older adults with cognitive impairment, prompting timely nutritional support that improves cognitive health and disease management.

ObjectiveThis study synthesises qualitative literature on the lived experiences of patients with diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) during their illness, aiming to help healthcare professionals understand patients’ emotional perspectives and perceived needs, thereby facilitating the development of more effective medical interventions.MethodsThe Joanna Briggs Institute meta-synthesis method was used to analyse the 10 included qualitative studies.ResultsBy synthesising the original studies, four themes and 11 subthemes were extracted, comprehensively analysing patients’ symptom experiences, physical-psychological-social impacts, self-management strategies, and needs.ConclusionHealthcare professionals should emphasise foot care education, understand the connotations of self-compassion and pain catastrophizing, and develop individualised interventions for different populations to enhance patients’ self-care abilities and improve their wellbeing.Systematic review registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/view/CRD420251051721, Unique Identifier: CRD420251051721.

ObjectivesDupilumab and tralokinumab are FDA-approved biological agents for the treatment of atopic dermatitis (AD). This study analyzed tralokinumab-related adverse events (AEs) reported by healthcare professionals, utilizing data mined from the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS). Furthermore, we compared the frequency of reports for common AEs with dupilumab or tralokinumab as the primary suspect, focusing on injection-site reactions, conjunctivitis, and keratitis.MethodsDisproportionality analysis methods, including the reporting odds ratio (ROR), the Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency (MHRA) comprehensive method, the Bayesian confidence propagation neural network (BCPNN), and the Multi-item gamma Poisson shrinker (MGPS), were employed to quantify tralokinumab-associated AE signals. Then, the occurrence risk of common AEs between dupilumab and tralokinumab was further compared.ResultsAmong 1,591,367 AE reports, 1,770 identified tralokinumab as the primary suspect. Tralokinumab-related AEs affected 25 System Organ Classes (SOC), with 49 significant disproportionality primary terms (PTs) consistently detected across all four algorithms. Notable potential AEs included eczema herpeticum, generalized exfoliative dermatitis, alopecia, skin exfoliation, and blepharitis. Most tralokinumab-related AEs occurred within the first month of treatment, with a median onset time of 37 days (interquartile range [IQR]: 13–111 days). The reporting proportion of injection site reactions was significantly higher with dupilumab than with tralokinumab (p < 0.001). In contrast, tralokinumab was associated with a substantially higher reporting proportion of conjunctivitis (p = 0.001) and keratitis (p = 0.039).ConclusionThis study identified potential AE signals that could aid clinical monitoring and risk identification for tralokinumab. Additionally, close monitoring is warranted for dupilumab-associated injection site reactions and tralokinumab-associated conjunctivitis and keratitis throughout treatment.

Lung cancer remains the leading cause of cancer-related incidence and mortality worldwide, with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) constituting the majority of cases. Current treatment modalities are constrained by significant limitations: conventional chemotherapy exhibits poor tumor selectivity and systemic toxicity, while monoclonal antibodies frequently demonstrate inadequate therapeutic efficacy. Antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs)—engineered biotherapeutics comprising tumor-targeting antibodies conjugated to potent cytotoxic agents through optimized linkers—have emerged as a transformative strategy to address these therapeutic challenges in advanced NSCLC. This review systematically examines the structural architecture, developmental evolution, and mechanistic foundations of ADCs, with a focused evaluation of clinical evidence supporting ADCs targeting HER2, TROP2, c-MET, HER3, CEACAM5, and B7−H3 in advanced NSCLC. We critically assess efficacy outcomes, safety profiles, predictive biomarkers, and toxicity management strategies—particularly regarding interstitial lung disease, hematologic toxicities, and neuropathic adverse events. Key clinical challenges including tumor heterogeneity, therapeutic resistance, biomarker heterogeneity, and patient stratification are analyzed. Furthermore, we highlight emerging therapeutic approaches such as next−generation ADC design, novel linker-payload systems, bispecific platforms, and rational combination strategies with targeted and immunotherapeutic agents. Collectively, these developments position ADCs as promising precision oncology tools capable of reshaping treatment paradigms and improving clinical outcomes in advanced NSCLC.

Human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP2) is an effective osteoinductor in bone formation and growth via binding to its cognate receptors and coreceptors. Traditionally, the protein is identified to possess a conformational wrist epitope and a linear knuckle epitope that can be recognized by type I and type II receptors, respectively. In this study, we defined an additional epitope termed elbow as the specific binding site of its coreceptor, which is concentrated into a small helical hairpin region of BMP2 monomer 1 and partially overlaps with wrist but is far away from knuckle. A linear lEEP peptide is derived from the elbow epitope, which, however, is intrinsically disordered and cannot be maintained in native helical hairpin conformation due to lack of BMP2 protein context support, thus only exhibiting a low affinity to coreceptor. Disulfide stapling strategy is then used to stabilize the helical hairpin conformation of linear lEEP, which results in its two cyclic counterparts. The stapling is demonstrated to effectively improve peptide affinity and also exhibits a high selection for coreceptor over type-I receptor. The cyclic peptides are found to maintain a well-ordered, native-like conformation, which can be readily recognized by coreceptor through a conformational selection mechanism.

Circadian syndrome comprises metabolic risk factors and comorbidities associated with circadian rhythm disruption. However, whether overall diet quality is associated with circadian syndrome remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the association between the Healthy Eating Index-2015 (HEI-2015), an indicator of overall diet quality, and circadian syndrome to address this knowledge gap. This cross-sectional study used data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey conducted from 2005 to 2018, including adults aged 20 years and older. The HEI-2015 was used to assess individual dietary quality, while circadian syndrome was defined based on the components of metabolic syndrome, along with sleep deprivation and depression. In weighted multivariable logistic regression, HEI-2015 was modeled both as a continuous variable and in tertiles, with HEI-2015 as the independent variable and circadian syndrome (yes/no) as the dependent variable. Restricted cubic spline (RCS) analysis was used to examine potential dose–response relationships, and subgroup analyses were performed by age, sex, physical activity, body mass index, trouble sleeping, cardiovascular disease, chronic kidney disease, and cancer. A total of 11,557 participants (mean age 48.7 years; 51.4% female) were included in the study, of whom 3317 were defined as having circadian syndrome. The proportions of participants in HEI-2015 tertiles 1, 2, and 3 were 33.3%, 33.3%, and 33.4%, respectively. In the fully adjusted model, HEI-2015 was inversely associated with circadian syndrome when treated as a continuous variable (OR: 0.90, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.86–0.94), and when categorized into tertiles, the odds ratio (OR) for the highest tertile compared with the lowest was 0.78 (95% CI: 0.67–0.90). RCS analysis indicated a linear negative association (P for nonlinearity = .11). The results of subgroup analyses were consistent across various subgroups. Among U.S. adults, higher HEI-2015 scores were linearly associated with lower risk of circadian syndrome. Further validation in more diverse populations is needed, and clinicians may consider assessing dietary quality in patients with circadian syndrome to optimize management strategies.

ObjectiveTo evaluate the clinical efficacy of the direct posterior approach (DPA) with seagull-shaped plate fixation for treating posterior wall acetabular fractures.MethodsA retrospective cohort study of 17 patients (8 male, 9 female) with posterior wall acetabular fractures treated with DPA seagull-shaped plate fixation was conducted. Postoperative pelvic X-ray imaging and computed tomography were performed, and the quality of acetabular reduction was evaluated using the Matta score. The Merle d’Aubigné & Bone score, as modified by Matta, was used to assess hip joint function.ResultsThe mean ± standard deviation surgical incision length, operating time, and intraoperative blood loss were 9.7 ± 0.6 cm, 48.7 ± 9.1 min, and 235.3 ± 65.6 mL, respectively. According to the Matta score, 11 patients achieved excellent reduction quality, and six had good reduction quality, resulting in a 100% combined excellent or good reduction rate. All patients had good fracture healing, with a healing time of 9.7 ± 1.6 weeks. The modified Merle d'Aubigné & Bone score was 17.0 ± 1.6, with 11, 4, 2, and 0 patients rated as excellent, good, fair, and poor, respectively, yielding an 88.2% excellent or good outcome rate. Postoperative complications included fat liquefaction in one patient and deep vein thrombosis in the lower limbs of two patients, with an overall complication rate of 17.6%.ConclusionsDPA with seagull-shaped plate fixation provides satisfactory clinical outcomes for posterior wall acetabular fractures, improving patients’ living ability and quality of life.

Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) has a longstanding history in the treatment of fatigue-related conditions, and is increasingly recognized as a foundation for novel therapeutic approaches. The Panax genus, extensively utilized in the fundamental TCM principles to enhance vitality, modulate immune function, and stimulate Yang energy, is a key resource in managing both physiological and pathological fatigue. This study provides a comprehensive synthesis of recent advancements in plant-derived metabolites from various Panax species with an emphasis on their structural diversity and structure-activity relationships. Notably, this represents the first systematic exploration of Panax metabolites with potential antifatigue effects. A systematic literature review was conducted using major scientific databases such as PubMed, Google Scholar, and ScienceDirect. The search query "(scientific name of herbal medicine in the Panax genus) AND ("antifatigue")" was employed. Additionally, classical herbals, botanical literature, and pharmacopoeias were reviewed to contextualize the findings. Comprehensive analysis of 105 studies elucidated 16 predominant metabolites exhibiting antifatigue activity. These metabolites primarily originated from Panax ginseng, Panax quinquefolium, and Panax notoginseng. Ginsenosides Rb1 and Rg1 demonstrated the most substantial pharmacological efficacy in experimental models, in particular by ameliorating metabolic perturbations and mitigating oxidative stress in vivo. Clinical trials predominantly relied on subjective patient-reported measures, such as the Multidimensional Fatigue Inventory (MFI) and Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), and yielded largely positive outcomes. These findings substantiate fundamental TCM principles and reinforce the therapeutic potential of Panax species in fatigue management. The integration of traditional knowledge with contemporary biomedical research enhances the understanding and clinical applicability of Panax species in addressing fatigue-related disorders.