Armed Forces Academy

This paper presents an approach to Coverless Image Steganography (CIS) leveraging Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) for secure and imperceptible information hiding. Unlike traditional steganography methods that embed data into existing images, CIS methods generate new images directly conditioned on the hidden content, thereby avoiding detectable modifications. Using satellite imagery, we evaluate three encoder architectures, namely basic, residual, and dense, within the SteganoGAN framework to assess their effectiveness in preserving image quality and extraction fidelity. The results show the potential of GAN-based CIS and providing insights into the trade-offs between visual quality and hidden message capacity.

The article is aimed at expanding the capabilities of C4ISR systems, achieving information superiority in the environment on the modern battlefield with the active use of electronic warfare means using new progressive technologies and complex processing of information from sources and sensors using a probabilistic model. The aim of the work was to experimentally verify the transmission and processing of signals using a laser. For verification was used standardized entropy estimation process and method of signal processing using a probabilistic model. The article describes the previously presented method of signal processing, its application and the use of data transmission using a laser to ensure identification friend or foe (IFF) recognition. For the experiment, a prototype system was designed based on the above theoretical assumptions, its testing and implementation of the IFF system using Pulse-width modulation (PWM). Signal processing was experimentally verified using the signal processing method through the transmission system of coded messages with a transmitter and detector of a laser signal and IFF recognition. The use of laser modules for transmitting coded messages makes it possible to ensure IFF recognition on the battlefield under the conditions of electronic warfare means and to achieve information superiority using new advanced technologies.

The Russian military invasion of Ukraine dramatically changed the Euro-Atlantic security scene. After long-standing disputes between the United States and its European allies over the burden-sharing within the North Atlantic Alliance, the outbreak of the conflict in Ukraine has given the Alliance a new sense of Euro-Atlantic partnership and brought a renewed emphasis on collective defense and on the core functions of deterrence and securing territorial defense of its member states. At the same time, Russian aggression raised many important questions about the future of the Euro-Atlantic security architecture and the role of the North Atlantic Alliance in its construction. Following this, the authors in this article, using relevant methods of interdisciplinary scientific research, examine the impact of the Russian-Ukrainian conflict on ensuring Euro-Atlantic security and, at the same time, deal with other topics closely related to it. In conclusion, based on the results of the research, the authors express the opinion that European countries must assume a larger share of responsibility for guaranteeing security and defense on the European continent, eliminate the gaps that have arisen and build new military capabilities and capacities, and improve the operational readiness and interoperability of their military forces.

The detection of malware represents a primary concern in contemporary computer security and is therefore imperative for the protection of systems and data integrity. This research presents an innovative approach to comparing diverse input image formats with the objective of identifying the optimal methodology for detecting specific malware-related signatures using convolutional neural networks (CNN), which have been specifically developed by the authors for this purpose. Subsequently, machine code instructions are generated and then converted into four distinct image format options. The four image formats, namely 1xN fixed, 1xN scalable, NxN fixed, and NxN scalable, are subsequently employed for the training of the CNN. The study assesses the formats in question in terms of training time, accuracy, and computational complexity. The results demonstrate that the NxN scalable format exhibits the highest accuracy with accelerated training times in comparison to other formats. Furthermore, the scalable format necessitates only 25% of the original pixel count for a 96% classification success rate. The utilization of the NxN scalable format for machine code instruction representation results in enhanced accuracy, accelerated training, and a considerable reduction in pixel usage, indicating a promising avenue for optimizing the efficiency of malware detection.

In crisis situations, ensuring communication between individual components is a fundamental requirement. The armed forces use their own command and control system, which is not easily made accessible to other involved components. The authors of the article proposed a system solution to ensure the input of information in both text and graphical form into these systems using standardized protocols such as APP-11, ADatP-3 or NFFI. These standards, which are implemented in the given system solution, allows for displaying information about the locations of units, vehicles, and various other objects within the relevant map area. The system solution was validated with the proposed application, which allows the designated user to send specified information to the command and control system. The information obtained in this way is used to create a common operational picture, which is utilized by the respective staff in managing operations during a crisis situation.

Abstract The aim of the article is to show the possibilities of releasing water from liquid epoxy resin. It is important to perform this procedure with the resin that is to be used for the lamination process. Water-contaminated resin negatively affects the polymerization process of epoxy resin and has an adverse impact on the mechanical properties of the resulting laminate. This article describes two methods of releasing water from resin. The water content in the resin was measured spectrometrically (NIR spectrometry)

It is of utmost importance to develop a teaching methodology and a simulation that promotes collaboration, engagement and personalised learning. This handbook is an appendix to the three volumes of the Hybrid Warfare Reference Curriculum and offers effective teaching methods and simulation tools to bring hybrid warfare closer to various audiences. The handbook promotes creativity, problem-solving and a deeper understanding by offering immersive and interactive learning opportunities beyond the classroom. Simulation exercises have the function to provide flexibility and cater to diverse learning styles. Without the appropriate design and use of methods and tools, it is impossible to spread quality information and create a firm foundation to any course offered to students. Teaching methods and simulation are the toolbox to be used in the right way – for the right job. Teaching methods, if understood and used appropriately can make any interaction between the lecturer and the student a lot easier. As such the handbook attempts to explain and demystify the world of teaching methods and simulation means, whilst it seeks to provide a starting point for their use.

Crisis scenarioCrisis scenarios describe development variants -a past event as a generalised experience or a description of a possible or probable crisis.Due to the unrepeatability of crises on the one hand and the need to learn lessons for the future, crisis scenarios work with an acceptable level of uncertainty of the course of the crisis and alternatives to its course as well as future post-crisis development.This approach corresponds to the degree of knowledge of the security environment and its variability in development in the short, medium and long-term future.Crisis scenarios can be defined as a generalisation of expertise from the development and course of unique events that have a destructive and negative impact on human life, society and social infrastructure, their accepted values, conditions and prerequisites for valuable, prosperous, prospective sustainable development and safe life in the form of elaborated topics.Crisis scenarios mediate the progress and chaining of isolated and interconnected essential processes and events in time and space dimensions.Based on their depth and degree of scientific knowledge, crisis scenarios are also part of security theory, the security policy of states, and tactical as well as strategic planning.Crisis scenarios also become part of the system of training crisis managers as an essential tool for expanding their competencies and abilities to solve specific crises and increasing their readiness to solve possible variants of crisis situations in the future.It is precisely for these purposes that typical crisis scenarios are developed, which are a generalisation of knowledge of the primary phases of crisis development to a specific type of threat, e.g.fire, flood, war conflict, hybrid threats, with an appropriate degree of abstraction from the concrete and unique.Type crisis scenarios further define the primary groups of activities of the aid and rescue management entities, as well as forces and means to minimise the negative impact of activated destructive forces and 1