Asia School of Business

Abstract Kuala Lumpur has taken bold steps to embed sustainability within its urban planning policies and development frameworks, aiming for a 70% reduction in CO 2 emissions by 2030 and near-zero emissions by 2050 (DBKL, 2021), in line with the KL Low Carbon Society Blueprint, one of the most recent innovations supporting this agenda is the KL Low Carbon Building Checklist (KLLCBC), introduced by DBKL as a structured tool for assessing compliance with low-carbon design principles. This paper presents a comprehensive review of the KLLCBC, examining its origin, structure, application, and future roadmap toward digital implementation. Findings from policy reviews, case study applications, and stakeholder interviews indicate that the KLLCBC plays a vital role in supporting sustainable development and offers a scalable model for other municipalities. The paper further explores the checklist’s relevance to the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), particularly SDG 11 and SDG 13, and outlines recommendations to support its evolution into a web-based decision-support platform.

Abstract Proactivity is becoming increasingly crucial for employee career success and organizational productivity in the contemporary workplace across various cultures. However, there has been a prevalent perspective that people in the West seem more proactive than those in the East. This paper challenges the prevalent view by selectively reviewing the research findings and proposing a more comprehensive framework that considers the process of proactivity and its various forms that may better explain cultural differences in proactivity. We identify five cultural dimensions relevant to examining the cultural influences on proactivity: power distance, individualism-collectivism, future orientation, assertiveness, and tightness-looseness. Drawing on research on culture, proactivity, and creativity, we theorize that different cultural dimensions may play a role in shaping three different processes of proactivity: proactive goal generation, planning and execution, and feedback processing. We also elucidate the cultural influences on varying forms of proactivity by classifying them into three broad categories: promotive versus prohibitive, pro-self versus prosocial, and radical versus incremental. Our theorizing challenges and complements the current understanding of cultural influences on proactivity, revealing a more nuanced role that culture may play in shaping proactivity processes.

Abstract A campaign of fifteen offshore wells abandonments was performed using conventional cement remediation techniques, through casing, to create a rock-to-rock barrier to solve existing Sustained Annulus Pressure (SAP) issues, but in four of these wells the method utilised did not manage to solve the issue. SAP in the B annulus retuned post-remediation and ranged from 340 psi to 612psi. A more definitive remediation method was therefore required to guarantee successful remediation on the second attempt, as there was no room for further error. Consequently, a novel approach involving a short section-milled interval and a Bismuth alloy plug was selected as a means of installing a high-performance barrier as an alternative to cement. The selection of the Bismuth alloy plugs instead of cement stemmed from a meticulous evaluation of the specific project requirements and challenges while emphasising the unique advantages and capabilities offered by this alternative approach. Bismuth was chosen due to its ability to set and seal within a dynamic gas flow situation and provide a V0 barrier within a short length. Once the original cement barriers were drilled out, noise and USIT-CBL-VDL logging was conducted to determine the actual condition of the primary remedial cement and also to confirm that the source of the pressure was coming from below the cement plug. A 10 – 12 m section of 7" Casing and cement behind was section-milled to give access to the 10 ¾" surface casing, where an inflatable packer was then set to act as a base for the Bismuth plug to be placed. Once the thermite heater was run in hole to setting depth, the required volume of Bismuth alloy was deployed by dropping downhole in bead form, the thermite heater was activated, liquifying the alloy beads. Once the required heater activation time had passed, the heater was pulled out of the molten alloy and recovered to surface, leaving the molten alloy in place, to cool and solidify. Once the plugs had cooled and solidified, the plugs were tagged and weight tested to determine the plug position and verify that the minimum plug height had been attained, which was critical to ensure the minimum calculated differential rating had been achieved. The plugs were then pressure and inflow tested successfully, proving a definitive seal and complete remediation of the previously persistent SAP. The successful implementation of this approach was developed under the close scrutiny and approval of the host authority and regulator in Malaysia, and can henceforward be replicated within the jurisdiction for other challenging well abandonment projects.

Abstract Interwell connectivity evaluation is a fundamental component of reservoir management in both mature and undeveloped fields. This is particularly critical in geologically complex settings characterized by faulting, stratigraphic discontinuities, and potential compartmentalization. Pulse testing, which involves generating pressure pulses in a generator well and observing pressure responses in other wells (observation wells), presents a cost-effective method for assessing connectivity because no producers are shut-in (C.R. Johnson; R.A. Greenkorn). However, its practical implementation is often constrained by signal detection challenges-especially in low-permeability formations, reservoirs with high gas saturation, or when wells are widely spaced. In such cases, pressure signals become weak and easily obscured by operational noise or unrelated reservoir dynamics, making conventional interpretation approaches such as transient pressure analysis or numerical simulation less effective. This paper presents a dedicated pulse test workflow developed to overcome these limitations. The workflow integrates advanced signal processing techniques with analytical modelling to ensure both detectability and interpretability of pulse responses in complex and challenging environments. A key part of the workflow, critical for pulse test design and interpretation, is based on signal decomposition, statistical correlation techniques, and analytical models. In the interpretation stage, the method decomposes measured pressure data into signal components attributable to the pulsing well and background noise. By applying diffusion-based mathematical models to isolate and match the response, the workflow quantifies interwell transmissibility and storativity, while also estimating associated uncertainty based on the signal-to-noise ratio. The automated interpretation workflow consists of three main stages: Preprocessing: Removes background trends and noise using detrending, highlighting periodic features in gauge data,Signal Decomposition: Splits pressure data into two parts-one attributed to the pulsing well, the other to unrelated events – allowing a cleaner interpretationParameters Estimation: Calculates interwell transmissibility and storativity, with uncertainty linked to the signal-to-noise ratio and connectivity confidence. The methodology was applied in Field A, a clastic onshore oil reservoir with compartmentalization and an expanding gas cap. The pulse test campaign included three 240-hour cycles involving one injector and three producer-observation wells. The proposed signal decomposition approach enabled the identification of pressure responses with up to 86% correlation to the pulsing sequence, overcoming interference from operational noise and variable reservoir conditions. The derived time lags and amplitudes were used to compute interwell transmissibility, providing a quantified measure of reservoir connectivity across fault blocks. These findings supported decision making related to optimization of the injection strategy and justified new well placement decisions for a planned infill injector. This work demonstrates that automated signal processing significantly enhances the reliability and applicability of pulse test interpretation in reservoirs where the application of traditional methods is challenging. The workflow enables: Interpretation in high gas saturation and compartmentalized reservoirs previously considered unsuitable for pulse testing.Quantitative evaluation of signal presence and strength, offering confidence metrics for interwell connectivity.Operational efficiency, with no need for complex forward modelling or heavy manual curve matching.Scalability, supporting multi-well, multi-cycle pulse test campaigns. Ultimately, this paper provides a methodology and general workflow that extends the utility of pulse testing into more challenging reservoir environments by leveraging signal decomposition and analytical modelling.

Purpose The influence of institutional environments in shaping entrepreneurial intentions is increasingly attracting scholarly attention, yet the motivational mechanism behind such a relationship remains relatively underexplored. Drawing on social cognitive career theory and institutional theory, this study explores the serial mediating effects of entrepreneurial self-efficacy (ESE) and entrepreneurial outcome expectations (EOE) in the relationship between individuals’ perceptions of institutional environments and their entrepreneurial intentions. Additionally, we examined whether the proposed serial mediating model is dependent on the country context in which one is embedded. Design/methodology/approach The empirical analysis was based on survey data collected from 351 students in Malaysia and Ghana, spanning two time points. Process Macro models were used to test our proposed hypothesis and model. Findings We find that individuals’ perceptions of all three dimensions of the institutional environment (regulatory, normative and cognitive) directly influenced their EI. Additionally, we found that only the perception of the normative environment (NE) has a positive impact on EOE, which in turn enhances EI. Findings also revealed country-specific dynamics. Specifically, we find that the perception of Ghana’s institutional environment significantly enhances students’ ESE, hence reinforcing EOE and, ultimately, their EI. Despite its long-standing efforts to support entrepreneurship, these effects are not as pronounced in Malaysia. Originality/value The study contributes to theory by emphasizing the critical role of the institutional environment’s normative dimensions and EOE in entrepreneurial decision-making, expanding the understanding of how institutional environments influence entrepreneurial intentions via the use of social cognitive career theory in entrepreneurial contexts.

ABSTRACT While most studies advocate a business case for diversity, recent works have highlighted some negative consequences of diversity. Thus, the present study aims to examine the impact of employees’ perception of surface and knowledge diversity on their turnover intentions. Further, we examine the sequential mediating effect of perceived inclusion and job satisfaction to elucidate the diversity-turnover intention link. We employed structural equation modelling and PROCESS macro to analyse the hypothesised connexion. The survey was completed by 328 employees working in Indian IT organisations. While surface diversity perceptions did not impact turnover intentions, knowledge diversity perceptions had a positive impact. Further, we found a significant sequential mediation effect of perceived inclusion and job satisfaction in the knowledge diversity and turnover intentions link. Organisations should implement comprehensive diversity and inclusion programmes to foster positive attitudes and behaviours towards leveraging knowledge diversity among employees. Policymakers must cultivate a sense of value and culture of belongingness so that it reduces turnover intentions and fosters gratitude towards the organisation. We advance research on workplace diversity in the Indian context by propounding a serial mediation model, which provides evidence of the influence of multiple mechanisms in a single integrated causal process.

Suicide has become a global health crisis driven by a complex mix of social, environmental, and psychological factors. The prevalence of suicide has emerged as a worldwide health crisis, presenting a multitude of intricate issues. The correlation between increased concerns about sustainability, climate change, and ecological degradation and the subsequent burden on psychological health is an increasing concern. Although Suicidal Ideation Detection (SID) has been effectively addressed by prior research using Machine Learning (ML) and Deep Learning (DL) models, many studies fail to handle the complexities of real-time detection. To overcome these flaws, we developed an novel system called Multimodal Visual interactive system for Suicide Ideation Detection (MVis4SID), which utilizes visual insights and real-time data to provide a more comprehensive exploration of suicidal thoughts. MVis4SID employs multimodal aspects, including click or touch, text, and voice, to visualize the performance metrics for suicidal ideation using ML and DL models; thus, offering a more holistic solution to this escalating problem. The rigorous evaluation of the user study shows that MVis4SID not only outperforms existing methods in accuracy, but also explains the responsible use of the underlying AI approach, demonstrating its potential to improve SID and intervention strategies. In addition, it provides a user-friendly interface for decision-makers, allowing them to represent the model performance and the efficient visual evaluation.

Abstract An increase in carbon capture and sequestration (CCS) activities around the world to fulfil the United Nations (UN) sustainability development goals (SDG) are being observed. Static and dynamic characterization of reservoirs with assessment of caprock integrity are essential to prove that a geological site has the required properties for safe and long-term CO2 storage. The pore-pressure and fracture gradient of the caprock and reservoir are important to establish boundaries that ensure formation integrity and maximum injectivity, along with collection and analysis of representative core data. The project's evaluation program included comprehensive caprock, reservoir, and fracture characterization, along with core analysis—for robust modeling and prediction leading to a successful injection and long-term measurement, monitoring, and verification (MMV) process. Recently for a well in Southeast Asia, the wireline formation evaluation program extended from evaluating the quality of differentially depleted target gas reservoirs to characterizing the overburden; thereby, providing important data for building an accurate CCS geomechanical model. Advanced logging technologies, including 3D acoustics and triple-combo logs with digital support for advanced processing, were combined to accurately characterize rock parameters and provide contextual insights into reservoir and geomechanical models. The analysis of main petrophysical parameters, rock strength, and acoustic anisotropy were analyzed in near real time using digital techniques to accelerate decision making. The only method to directly measure minimum and maximum horizontal stress for reservoirs and caprocks was to use a dual- packer formation tester (FT) for a stress test survey, or MicroFrac operation. By measuring the pressures and injection rates during fluid injection into the formation by the packers and the subsequent falloff periods using a novel combination of techniques, the MicroFrac operation (including four successful stations) determined the horizontal stresses for the first time in a Southeast Asia well for CCS application. The successful integration of stress tests and digital sonic data provided a fully calibrated stress profile. In addition, calibrated maximum and minimum stresses and vertical elastic properties were determined for advanced geomechanics modelling. The mechanical earth model (MEM) was then calibrated and used directly to define the CO2 injection plan. Furthermore, the additional sonic acquisition already planned to characterize deeper reservoirs provided the opportunity to perform novel 3D far-field mapping of dips, layering, and potential fractures deeper in the reservoir and provide additional insight to support stress test interpretation and structural modeling. High-quality cores were obtained and analyzed in the laboratory to conduct advanced testing. Important values of accurate logging design, real-time optimization, interpretation, and data integration are presented with a focus on CCS applications. This paper presents a complete process, from job design, real-time monitoring, MicroFrac operation, to the building and calibration of an MEM; thereby, creating a blueprint for CCS activities.