Austrian Standards

Dagster is a modern data orchestrator that emphasises reproducibility, observability, and a strong developer experience (Elementl, 2024b).In parallel, most high-performance computing (HPC) centres continue to rely on Slurm for batch scheduling and resource governance (Yoo et al., 2003).The two ecosystems rarely meet in practice: Dagster projects often target cloud or single-node deployments, while Slurm users maintain bespoke submission scripts with limited reuse or visibility.This paper introduces dagster-slurm, an open-source integration that allows the same Dagster assets to run unchanged across laptops, CI pipelines, containerised Slurm clusters, and Tier-0 supercomputers.The project packages dependencies with Pixi (prefix.dev,2024), submits workloads through Slurm using Dagster Pipes (Elementl, 2024a), and streams logs plus scheduler metrics back to the Dagster UI.The key contribution is a unified compute resource (ComputeResource) that hides SSH transport (including password-only jump hosts and OTP prompts), dependency packaging, and queue configuration while still respecting Slurm's scheduling semantics.The project ships two production-ready execution modes-local for laptop/CI development and slurm for one-jobper-asset submissions-and two stable launchers: Bash for script-based workloads and Ray for multi-node distributed computing.Experimental support for Spark, session-based allocation reuse, and heterogeneous jobs is under active development.

2023 has seen a considerable surge of attention around solar radiation modification (SRM). This raises some questions and this article strives to provide some preliminary answers with the objective to intensify and broaden discussion given the potential implications of decisions that need to be taken urgently, e.g., under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, the General Assembly of the United Nations and the United Nations Environment Assembly

To study emotions at the macroscopic level, affective scientists have made extensive use of sentiment analysis on social media text. However, this approach can suffer from a series of methodological issues with respect to sampling biases and measurement error. To date, it has not been validated if social media sentiment can measure the day to day temporal dynamics of emotions aggregated at the macro level of a whole online community. We ran a large-scale survey at an online newspaper to gather daily self-reports of affective states from its users and compare these with aggregated results of sentiment analysis of user discussions on the same online platform. Additionally, we preregistered a replication of our study using Twitter text as a macroscope of emotions for the same community. For both platforms, we find strong correlations between text analysis results and levels of self-reported emotions, as well as between inter-day changes of both measurements. We further show that a combination of supervised and unsupervised text analysis methods is the most accurate approach to measure emotion aggregates. We illustrate the application of such social media macroscopes when studying the association between the number of new COVID-19 cases and emotions, showing that the strength of associations is comparable when using survey data as when using social media data. Our findings indicate that macro level dynamics of affective states of users of an online platform can be tracked with social media text, complementing surveys when self-reported data is not available or difficult to gather.

Abstract On September 1st, 2001, the Austrian standard OENORM S 5255-1 with the title “Uncertainties of measurements and limiting values in radiation protection – Part 1: Basics” was published. A part 2 of the standard with the subtitle “Assessment of measurements with regard to limiting values” was published on April 1st, 2002. Part 1 of the standard is a consequent application of the “Guide to the expression of uncertainty in measurement” (GUM) for measurements in radiation protection. It contains a summary of the most important definitions and mathematical methods, which are relevant for measurements in radiation protection. An important prerequisite is the standardisation of the coverage factor k = 1 for measurements in radiation protection. Finally, the use of the standard is demonstrated by a detailed example there (dose rate meter). First, the uncertainty of a dose rate meter is stated, using only information on tolerances available e. g. from instrument specifications. Additionally, the strategies to reduce the uncertainty and the necessary detailed knowledge of the dose rate meter are demonstrated. Part 2 of the standard gives a simple concept for interpretation of limits using the uncertainties calculated based on part 1 of the standard.

Eine SWOT-/Risiko-Analyse gibt Aufschluss über Resilienz, Zukunftsfähigkeit sowie Reifegrad von Digitalisierung, Nachhaltigkeit und GRC Ihrer Organisation. Ein Managementsystem ist im Grunde die Aufbau- und Ablauforganisation des Unternehmens und sorgt für Zielsetzung und -erreichung. Im Vordergrund stehen dabei die Prozesse. Prozesse müssen verschiedene Anforderungen (Effektivität, Effizienz, Kundenanforderungen, technische Sicherheit, Compliance, u.v.m.) erfüllen. Eine Prozessoptimierung erfolgt unter anderem durch den Einbau von Risk-, Compliance-, IKS-, etc.-Komponenten. Durch die digitale Optimierung von Abläufen / Methoden kann zugleich auch noch enorm viel Geld eingespart werden.

Arbeit, Konsum, Medienkonsum und Politik werden heute vielfach als separierte Lebensfelder der modernen Menschen betrachtet und untersucht. Dies obschon sie im Alltag in vielfaltiger Weise miteinander verfl ochten sind. Eine wesentliche Folge davon ist, eine Zusammenschau findet kaum statt und gemeinsame Strukturen dieser Lebensfelder werden damit auch nicht erkannt. Dies betrifft die wissenschaftlichen Perspektiven, jedoch ebenso den individuellen Menschen. Dieser erfahrt sich in verschiedene und unverbundene Rollen gebrochen. Dies ist fur die Verbraucherforschung bedeutsam, sie kummert sich in erster Linie um Fragen im Zusammenhang mit individuellem und kollektivem Konsum und ignoriert dabei weitgehend die Interdependenzen von Konsum, sprich Konsumfahigkeit, also Geldbeschaffung, folglich Erwerbsarbeit, ebenso wie den konsumnormativen Charakter der Medien und die Abschottung des politischen Feldes Alle diese vier Felder sind Markte im okonomischen Sinn und die handelnden oder zu bestimmtem Verhalten gezwungenen Subjekte begreifen dies oft auch so.

Nach einer Zeit der Beschaulichkeit in der Verbraucherforschung und Verbraucherpolitik ist Bewegung in das Thema gekommen. Das lange gepflegte Leitbild vom „mundigen Verbraucher“, der verantwortlich am Markt handelt und damit auch seinen Teil zur gesamtwirtschaftlichen Steuerung des Angebots durch die Nachfrage erfullen kann, wird durch ein weniger optimistisches Bild vom eher blind vertrauenden und „verletzlichen Verbraucher“ ersetzt und der Verbraucherpolitik – verhaltensokonomisch fundiert – ein „sanfter Paternalismus“ empfohlen. Helfen soll auch die Verbraucherbildung bei der Reparatur von Verhaltensschwachen und Marktfehlern bis hin zur Reduzierung okologischer Folgewirkungen des Konsums.

There are a lot of different types of torrential barriers in different condition levels in Austrian torrents which have to be evaluated regularly with respect to their safety and serviceability. In addition, a lot of new barrier structures will be built in the near future which will be designed according to the EUROCODES (i.e. The standard series EN 1990 to EN 1999). Given those circumstances an interdisciplinary working group (Committee 256) was established at Austrian Standards (AS), which has managed to develop new standards for load models, design and life cycle assessment of torrent control works, the series ONR 24800 (ONR: short for ON-Rule).This paper presents the current state of standardization and is focused on selected requirements for design of torrent protection works.