Bard Access Systems (United States)

A total of 45 volunteers older than 65 years who had not had COVID-19 were included in group 1. A total of 45 volunteers older than 65 years who had recovered from COVID-19 were included in group 2 (elderly people who have had COVID-19 at least 6 months ago). After obtaining the individuals' demographic data, we conducted vestibular assessment for balance and administered the Stroop test for attention, the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), the digit span test for short-term memory, and a quality-of-life test. Mean age of the individuals who had had COVID-19 was 68.24 ± 3.32 years, and the mean age of the individuals who had not had COVID-19 was 68.55 ± 3.34 years. There were statistically significant correlations between the two groups for the Stroop test (P < .05), MMSE (P < .05), the digit span test for perception and attention (P < .05), and the vestibular assessment quality-of-life test (P < .01). Sensory (P < .001), past, present, and future activities (P < .05), social participation (P < .001), and death (P < .05) were found to be significant in the total score (P < .001). The covariance analysis of elderly individuals who had had COVID-19 revealed that they performed significantly worse on the balance, perception, attention, memory, and quality-of-life tests than elderly individuals who had not had COVID-19. The negative effects of COVID-19 were found among elderly individuals older than 65 years. We suggest that telerehabilitation should be developed for elderly people who have recovered from COVID-19 and that its effects investigated.

Einleitung: Das Problembewusstsein bezüglich problematischen und pathologischen Glücksspielens ist in den vergangenen Jahren in Deutschland gestiegen. Für betroffene Glücksspieler hat sich die Behandlungssituation stark verbessert, allerdings existieren kaum Angebote für ihre Angehörigen (Überblick bei Buchner et al., 2012). Dabei könnte ihr Einbezug im Sinne des CRAFT-Ansatzes (Community Reinforcement and Family Training; Meyers et al., 1999) dazu beitragen, betroffene Spieler zu einer Behandlungsaufnahme zu motivieren. Außerdem sind Angehörige durch die Erkrankung stark belastet und befinden sich in hoch stressreichen Lebensumständen (Buchner et al. 2012). Im deutschsprachigen Raum liegt mit dem Entlastungstraining für Angehörige problematischer und pathologischer Glücksspieler – psychoedukativ (ETAPPE) neuerdings ein manualisiertes Gruppenangebot mit positiven Evaluationsergebnissen für den Einsatz in Beratungsstellen o.ä. vor (Buchner et al., 2013; Buchner et al., 2012). Dennoch können damit nicht alle betroffenen Angehörigen erreicht werden. Da inzwischen positive Befunden zu E-Mental-Health-Programmen existieren (Eichenberg & Ott, 2012), wird mit "Verspiel nicht mein Leben" – Entlastung für Angehörige (EfA) ein entsprechendes Angebot für diese Zielgruppe entwickelt und evaluiert.