Bauerfeind (Germany)

Uvod: Prehrana morskim plodovima, uključujući školjkaše, preporučuje se zbog svojih nutritivnih vrijednosti i dobrobiti za zdravlje. Školjke su i važan izvor prihoda za mnoge stanovnike Republike Hrvatske zbog blizine Jadranskoga mora i tradicijske prisutnosti u kulturi društva ovoga podneblja. Cilj ovoga istraživanja bio je ispitati povezanost znanja o školjkama, tehnologiji njihovoga uzgoja, nutritivnim i toksikološkim obilježjima, s dobi, spolom, stupnjem obrazovanja i prehrambenim navikama konzumacije školjkaša na uzorku odraslih osoba iz opće populacije, koji žive na području Republike Hrvatske. Ispitanici i metode: Za provođenje presječnog istraživanja koristio se anketni upitnik na uzorku opće populacije od 156 ispitanika. Pitanja unutar upitnika podijeljena su na ona kojima su se doznale sociodemografske karakteristike sudionika u istraživanju i njihove prehrambene navike vezane uz konzumaciju školjaka, te na ona kojima se ispitalo njihovo teorijsko znanje o školjkašima. Rezultati: Istraživanje je pokazalo da je zastupljenost školjaka u prehrani u Republici Hrvatskog relativno mala. Osobe starije od 40 godina češće konzumiraju školjke, no zastupljenost školjaka u prehrani ne utječe na razinu znanja o njima. Razina znanja o toksičnostima i nutritivnoj vrijednosti školjkaša veća je u odnosu na razinu znanja o tehnologiji njihovoga uzgoja. Geografski čimbenici imaju veći utjecaj na razinu znanja o školjkašima u odnosu na sociodemografske čimbenike i prehrambene navike. Zaključak: Rezultati istraživanja potencijalno odražavaju potrebu za edukacijom opće populacije o školjkašima u cilju poticanja njihove veće konzumacije zbog poznatih nutritivnih vrijednosti za zdravlje. Daljnja bi istraživanja trebala istražiti povezanost razine znanja o toksičnosti školjkaša i prijašnjih iskustava na reprezentativnom uzorku s većim brojem ispitanika.

The effects of oral disopyramide phosphate on laboratory induction of paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia (PSVT) were studied in 16 patients with clinical PSVT. After control electrophysiologic study to determine the inducibility and mechanism of PSVT, patients were given 200-300 mg (275 +/- 45 mg, mean +/- SD) of disopyramide for three to five doses over 24 hours and were then restudied. All patients had inducible, sustained PSVT during the control study. After disopyramide, PSVT was noninducible in eight patients (50%), including six of nine with atrioventricular nodal reentrance and two of seven with atrioventricular reentrance; inducible but nonsustained in two (12.5%) (both with atrioventricular reentrance); and inducible and sustained in six (37.5%). The benefit of disopyramide seemed predominantly to reflect depression of conduction in the retrograde limb of the circus movements, although effects upon the antegrade limb were also observed. In the eight patients with inducible PSVT before and after disopyramide, tachycardia cycle length increased from 348 +/- 33 to 404 +/- 29 msec (mean +/- SEM) (p less than 0.001). These results suggest that disopyramide would be effective in preventing recurrence of clinical PSVT in selected patients.

Electrophysiological effects of 750 mg i.v. procainamide were studied in 14 patients with dual pathway atrioventricular (A-V) nodal re-entrant paroxysmal tachycardia (PSVT). All patients utilized an A-V nodal slow pathway for antegrade and an A-V nodal fast pathway for retrograde conduction during PSVT. In all 14 patients, procainamide depressed retrograde fast pathway conduction, manifest by increase in mean ± SEM ventricular paced cycle length (CL) producing V-A block from 5 295 ± 25 to 385 ± 17 msec (P < 0.001). Antegrade fast and slow pathway properties were unchanged with procainamide. Eleven of the 14 patients had induction of sustained PSVT before procainamide. Eight of these lost ability to induce or sustain PSVT after procainamide, reflecting depression of retrograde fast pathway conduction with either absence of atrial echoes (4 pts) or induction of nonsustained PSVT, with termination of PSVT occurring after QRS (retrograde block in fast pathway) (4 pts). In three of these 11 patients, sustained PSVT was inducible before and after procainamide (mean CL of 395 ± 38 and 395 ± 40 respectively) (NS). Three patients had induction of nonsustained PSVT before procainamide. In two, induction of sustained PSVT occurred after procainamide due to enhanced antegrade slow pathway conduction, while in the other PSVT remained nonsustained. In conclusion, procainamide inhibited induction of sustained A-V nodal re-entrant PSVT in most patients, reflecting selective depression of retrograde A-V nodal fast pathway conduction. In a minorityof patients, vagolytic effects of procainamide potentiated induction of sustained PSVT.