Belgorod State Technological University

The article presents a comprehensive analysis of the development of domestic scientific research directions in the field of design and modernization of equipment for grinding and separation of particulate materials over the period 1989–2025. Based on a foresight analysis of doctoral dissertations in the field of mechanical equipment, systems, and technologies, research topics have been clustered, and the dynamics of scientific activity, its geographical distribution, and interdisciplinary connections have been assessed. Key trends have been identified: the predominance of studies focused on centrifugal separators and classifiers (accounting for approximately 40% of all works), a growing interest in mathematical modeling of aerodynamic processes (reaching up to 25% by the 2020s), and optimization of grinding plant operations. Particular emphasis is placed on the role of leading scientific schools and their contributions to advancing calculation methods, structural refinement of equipment, and the development of energy-efficient technologies.

تستكشف هذه الدراسة حلاً مستداماً لمعالجة عدم التطابق الومني بين العرض والطلب على الكهرباء في منطقة براك الشاطئ من خلال استغلال فائض الكهرباء خلال ساعات انخفاض الطلب لإنتاج الهيدروجين عبر التحليل الكهربائي، ثم استخدام خلايا الوقود لتوليد الكهرباء خلال فترات الذروة. تقيم الدراسة جدوى استخدام نظام يعتمد على الهيدروجين لتحقيق استقرار الشبكة الفرعية دون الحاجة إلى وحدات توليد كهرباء إضافية. ووفقاً للنتائج، يمكن للمحلل الكهربائي إنتاج ما يصل إلى 271.8 متر مكعب من الهيدروجين في الساعة، ويتطلب ذلك حوالي 9.1 ميغاواط من الكهرباء، وهو ما يكفي لتغطية العجز في الطاقة البالغ 6.1 ميغاواط في الشبكة. وبسعة تخزين للهيدروجين تبلغ 421,255 متر مكعب، يمكن لهذا النظام تخزين الهيدروجين لاستخدامه لاحقاً في خلايا الوقود لتغطية العجز البالغ 1689 ميغاواط في الشبكة الفرعية خلال أوقات الذروة. وتشير النتائج إلى أنه من خلال تحسين إنتاج الهيدروجين بالتحليل الكهربائي واستخدام خلايا الوقود لتوليد الكهرباء، يمكن للنظام المقترح توفير 8,424 ميغاواط من الطاقة، مما يغطي فعلياً عجز الشبكة. ولا يقتصر هذا الأسلوب على سد الفجوة بين العرض والطلب فحسب، بل يثبت أيضاً أنه حل فعال من حيث التكلفة والكفاءة لتحقيق استقرار الشبكة دون الحاجة إلى محطات توليد كهرباء إضافية.

Innovative composite materials based on a mixture of cement and gypsum are currently gaining popularity due to the advantages of both components. This paper proposes using fine-grained concrete based on a composite gypsum binder (CGB) for the manufacture of facade tiles instead of the traditionally used portland cement with a filler made of crushed quartzite sandstone screenings. Research has shown that as a result of the complex effect of the optimal granulometric composition of the filler made of crushed quartzite sandstone screenings and CGB particles as well as a complex chemical additive including a polycarboxylate superplasticizer and a hydrophobic redispersible polymer powder on the properties of fine-grained concrete, a dense packing of mineral skeleton grains is achieved. This together made it possible to obtain fine-grained concrete on CGB Class C22.5 with a softening coefficient Ks=0.9 and frost resistance grade F150, and recommending it for the production of facade tiles.

تقدم هذه الورقة تحليلاً لنظام طاقة شمسية عائم بقدرة 600 ميجاوات مقترح تركيبه في الخمس، ليبيا. تمت محاكاة النظام باستخدام برنامج PVsyst الإصدار 7.4 مع طريقة التحويل القائمة على طريقة HDKR باستخدام بيانات الطقس من Meteonorm الإصدار 8.1 ومصادر بيانات الطقس Solargis. تظهر نتائج المحاكاة أن النظام سيحقق إنتاجًا سنويًا للطاقة يبلغ 1,346 جيجاوات ساعة/سنة، ونسبة أداء للنظام تبلغ 81.7٪، وإنتاجًا محددًا للطاقة يتراوح بين 1,850 و 2,050 كيلووات ساعة/كيلوواط/سنة مع عامل قدرة يبلغ 25.6٪. سيحقق نظام FPV مكاسب إشعاع خلفي ثنائي الوجه تتراوح بين 3.0 و4.5٪ وسيوفر 1.25 مليون متر مكعب من المياه السطحية سنويًا، ما يعادل قيمة نقدية تتراوح بين 250,000 و625,000 يورو سنويًا. يبلغ إجمالي الاستثمار المطلوب للمشروع ما بين 480 و540 مليون يورو، أي ما يعادل 0.80 إلى 0.90 يورو لكل واط ذروة من التيار المباشر، وينتج عنه تكلفة طاقة متوسطة (LCOE) تتراوح بين 0.055 و 0.065 يورو لكل كيلوواط/ساعة على مدى 25 عامًا ومعدل خصم 5٪. وهذا يتماشى مع LCOE لمحطات الطاقة التقليدية في ليبيا، والتي تتراوح بين 0.07 و 0.10 يورو لكل كيلوواط/ساعة. عند إضافة التكلفة الكربون (SC_CO2 ~70 دولارًا أمريكيًا/طن CO2)، تتراوح تكلفة الطاقة المعدلة بيئيًا بين 0.028 و0.035 يورو/كيلوواط ساعة. تثبت النتائج التي تم الحصول عليها جدوى أنظمة الطاقة الكهروضوئية العائمة (FPV) على نطاق المرافق العامة في ليبيا.

Relevance. The article explores the cognitive practices of the precariat in the context of post-truth and digital transformation of society. The relevance of this study lies in the need for a philosophical understanding of how social vulnerability, unstable employment, and neoliberal discourses shape new ways of producing and legitimizing knowledge. In the situation of a crisis of trust in traditional institutions, truth acquires the form of temporary consensus, established within network communities and digital modes of communication. The purpose of the study is to identify the epistemological features of the precariat’s cognitive practices and their relation to processes of social and cultural transformation. Objectives. The research objectives include: analyzing the influence of social vulnerability and employment instability on the formation of cognitive strategies; examining the role of the digital environment and network communities in knowledge verification; defining the philosophical grounds for the shift from universalist models of truth to multiple and situational forms of its recognition. Methodology. The study relies on an interdisciplinary approach, combining social philosophy, cognitive sociology, and epistemology. The theoretical framework includes M. Foucault’s concept of "regimes of truth", the works of V.A. Toshchenko and G. Standing, as well as contemporary research on post-truth philosophy and digital communication. Results. It is shown that the cognitive practices of the precariat are fragmented and situational, based on horizontal forms of collective verification. Truth is understood as a process established through social trust and consensus within micro-communities. Fact-checking and critical thinking are not optional skills but necessary strategies of survival in conditions of informational instability. Conclusions. The cognitive practices of the precariat represent a specific form of epistemological adaptation that undermines universalist models of truth and opens the space for multiple, flexible, and socially conditioned forms of knowledge.

Introduction. Traffic accidents are a leading cause of death. In 2024, 19,940 people were killed in accidents in the EU, while in Russia this number amounts to 14,400 people. A significant proportion of accidents are associated with dangerous maneuvers: abrupt lane changes, overtaking, emergency braking, and running red lights. Traditional monitoring methods are limited by cost and scalability. The goal of this research is to develop a system for automatic detection and classification of dangerous maneuvers based on video data obtained with YOLOv8 and Deep SORT. Materials and Methods. A system consisting of four modules is proposed: a modified YOLOv8n (with a P2 layer, LW_C2f, Wise-IoU) for vehicle detection; an optimized Deep SORT for tracking; trajectory analysis with camera calibration; maneuver classification based on acceleration thresholds (0.35g for lane change, 0.30g for braking), lane marking crossing, and traffic light status (YOLOv8). The system was trained on 45,000 vehicle images and on 20,000 images for re-ID. Results . Testing of 150 hours of video (various conditions) has shown the following results: mAP vehicle detection – 92.7%, MOTA tracking – 86.3%, maneuver classification accuracy – 89.3% (F1: lane change – 89.4%, braking – 89.7%, red light – 85.2%) at 28 FPS on RTX 3070. Latency – 0.12 s. Discussion and conclusions. The system under investigation is superior to similar systems in speed and maneuver coverage, and is suitable for ITS applications. Limitations refer to decreased accuracy in foggy or rainy weather. Further research can lead to expanding the class range, edge computing, and risk prediction. The system implementation will reduce accidents and results in automated traffic enforcement.

Modified chrysotile fiber can be used as a filler in the epoxy-polyester powder composition to improve its physicochemical properties and obtain a thermosettable polymer coating with improved properties. Purpose: The aim of this work is to study the chemical composition of the initial and fiber-modified chrysotile powder composition and evaluate physicochemical properties of polymer coatings. Research findings: It is shown that the chemical composition of the initial powder composition changes after the addition of modified chrysotile fiber. The salt and acid resistance of the obtained polymer coatings increases. The porosity of coatings filled with fibers decreases in comparison with unfilled ones. The heat resistance of the obtained polymer coating with the addition of modified fibrous fillers grows at heating at 190 and 550 °C.

Introduction. The efficiency and successful application of various protective coatings necessitate the investigation of coating–substrate interactions to ensure durability and reliability. Adhesion is a key parameter that determines the quality of bonding between a coating and a substrate surface. Existing methods for its assessment are continually being improved to enhance accuracy, versatility, and applicability to various types of coatings and substrates. Purpose of the study. The study is aimed at assessing the adhesion strength of coatings deposited by detonation spraying onto heavy-concrete surfaces and refining the methodology for determining adhesion strength for the corresponding tests. Methods. In the course of the study, Raman spectroscopy, axial pull-off adhesion testing, optical microscopy, and rotational viscometry were used. Results. Adhesion strength tests were performed on Ti–TiOx coatings deposited on concrete substrates by detonation spraying of powders under different modes. The resulting coatings exhibit high adhesion strength to the substrate, ranging from 0.32 to 3.77 MPa, and low porosity. A special fixture was pre-developed for adhesion testing of specimens with linear dimensions of 30 mm and larger. A study was conducted on the applicability of a series of epoxy resins for adhesion testing. It was found that, when testing coatings on porous substrates, it is important to consider the viscosity of the adhesive agents, since highly mobile formulations may penetrate deeply into the specimen and distort the results.