Bethel Baptist Hospital

This qualitative study explored the initiatives undertaken by public elementary school heads in empowering teacher-leadership within the division of Malaybalay City during school year 2024–2025. Guided by transformational leadership theory, distributed leadership theory, and Moustakas’ transcendental phenomenological approach, the study examined how school heads cultivate teacher - leadership, the challenges they encounter, and the capacity-building needs necessary for sustaining empowerment. The research employed a qualitative phenomenological design to gain deep insights into the lived experiences of school heads. Data were collected using semi-structured in-depth interviews and focus group discussions (FGDs), with validated interview and motive guide questions developed through expert consultation. Fourteen school heads were purposively selected based on their leadership experience and involvement in teacher development programs. Using Moustakas’ (1994) analytical framework—epoche, horizontalization, clustering of meaning units, and synthesis—the findings revealed three core themes: (1) strategic and relational delegation, where leadership roles were assigned intentionally to build teacher capacity and trust; (2) the power of affirmation, which emphasized recognition, inclusion, and emotional support; and (3) leading by example, where school heads modeled integrity, consistency, and commitment to inspire leadership. Challenges included low teacher self-efficacy, reluctance to lead, and systemic constraints such as limited resources. In response, participants advocated for holistic, values-based training and technical capacity-building programs to further empower teacher-leaders. This study affirms the pivotal role of school heads in building collaborative, inclusive, and resilient school cultures through intentional teacher empowerment. The findings contribute to leadership discourse and offer insights for policy-makers, education leaders, and future researchers aiming to strengthen teacher-leadership in the Philippine basic education context.

Bukidnon being in a tropical country is composed of the richest and most diverse ecosystems. Mt. Kibuwa, the location of this study exhibits this diversity through its vast vegetation of pteridophytes or ferns along its area. Ferns are important ecological indicators since they can live in different niches and they have a variety of commercial uses—thus, there is a need for these species to be conserved. This study assessed the species richness and diversity of ferns along the vicinity of Mt. Kibuwa, Impalutao, Impasug-ong, Bukidnon to heighten up ecological conservation efforts within the area. In this study, Mt. Kibuwa was divided in to ten (10) sampling quadrats measuring 10m by 10m. The researchers collected seven (7) fern species and were confirmed and identified by the Central Mindanao University- Center for Biodiversity Research and Extension in Mindanao (CMU-CEBREM) as: Sphenomeris chusana, Pteridium aquilinum, Pityrogramma calomelanos, Culcita sp., Cyathea dregei, Nephroliphios exaltata, and Dricanopteris linearis. Using Menhinnick’s index of species richness and Shannon-Weinner species diversity index, results show that the species richness in all the sampling sites are closely similar with Pteridium aquilinum being the richest species and Site 1 on the lower elevation being the richest site. In terms of species diversity, this research concludes that Mt. Kibuwa has a good diversity of fern species and can be promoted for high ecological conservation and protection.

Three children with faecal incontinence, in whom conventional treatment had failed, were managed with a regimen that focuses on the symptoms and present behaviour. It is short term and uses a paradoxical approach.

Journal Article Clinical Principles and Drugs in the Aging Get access Clinical Principles and Drugs in the Aging. J. T. Freeman (Editor). Springfield, Illinois: Charles C Thomas, 1963, xviii + 485 pp., $16.00. Leo Gitman, M.D. Leo Gitman, M.D. Beth-el Hospital Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Journal of Gerontology, Volume 18, Issue 4, October 1963, Page 378, https://doi.org/10.1093/geronj/18.4.378 Published: 01 October 1963