Bioware (Brazil)

Resolvers are widely used in motor control systems due to their robustness and precision in harsh environments. Commercial resolver ICs for excitation and monitoring, while effective, often operate as closed boxes—making troubleshooting and system optimization more challenging—and their high cost can be a limiting factor in cost-sensitive applications. This work presents the design and implementation of a low-cost resolver excitation and signal conditioning circuit intended for use with embedded motor control systems. The proposed analog frontend was validated through circuit simulation and experimental measurements. Furthermore, the digital processing stage analyzes and compares two demodulation strategies—synchronous undersampling and coherent demodulation oversampling—and compares two rotor angle tracking algorithms: the conventional synchronous reference frame PLL (SRF-PLL) and the more advanced decoupled double synchronous reference frame PLL (DDSRF-PLL). This analysis aims to identify the most robust strategy for maintaining high-fidelity angle tracking under the nonideal signal conditions, typical of resolver systems.

Recent publications have argued that there are potentially serious consequences for researchers in recognising distinct genera in the terminal fusarioid clade of the family Nectriaceae. Thus, an alternate hypothesis, namely a very broad concept of the genus Fusarium was proposed. In doing so, however, a significant body of data that supports distinct genera in Nectriaceae based on morphology, biology, and phylogeny is disregarded. A DNA phylogeny based on 19 orthologous protein-coding genes was presented to support a very broad concept of Fusarium at the F1 node in Nectriaceae. Here, we demonstrate that re-analyses of this dataset show that all 19 genes support the F3 node that represents Fusarium sensu stricto as defined by F. sambucinum (sexual morph synonym Gibberella pulicaris). The backbone of the phylogeny is resolved by the concatenated alignment, but only six of the 19 genes fully support the F1 node, representing the broad circumscription of Fusarium. Furthermore, a re-analysis of the concatenated dataset revealed alternate topologies in different phylogenetic algorithms, highlighting the deep divergence and unresolved placement of various Nectriaceae lineages proposed as members of Fusarium. Species of Fusarium s. str. are characterised by Gibberella sexual morphs, asexual morphs with thin- or thick-walled macroconidia that have variously shaped apical and basal cells, and trichothecene mycotoxin production, which separates them from other fusarioid genera. Here we show that the Wollenweber concept of Fusarium presently accounts for 20 segregate genera with clear-cut synapomorphic traits, and that fusarioid macroconidia represent a character that has been gained or lost multiple times throughout Nectriaceae. Thus, the very broad circumscription of Fusarium is blurry and without apparent synapomorphies, and does not include all genera with fusarium-like macroconidia, which are spread throughout Nectriaceae (e.g., Cosmosporella, Macroconia, Microcera). In this study four new genera are introduced, along with 18 new species and 16 new combinations. These names convey information about relationships, morphology, and ecological preference that would otherwise be lost in a broader definition of Fusarium. To assist users to correctly identify fusarioid genera and species, we introduce a new online identification database, Fusarioid-ID, accessible at www.fusarium.org. The database comprises partial sequences from multiple genes commonly used to identify fusarioid taxa (act1, CaM, his3, rpb1, rpb2, tef1, tub2, ITS, and LSU). In this paper, we also present a nomenclator of names that have been introduced in Fusarium up to January 2021 as well as their current status, types, and diagnostic DNA barcode data. In this study, researchers from 46 countries, representing taxonomists, plant pathologists, medical mycologists, quarantine officials, regulatory agencies, and students, strongly support the application and use of a more precisely delimited Fusarium (= Gibberella) concept to accommodate taxa from the robust monophyletic node F3 on the basis of a well-defined and unique combination of morphological and biochemical features. This F3 node includes, among others, species of the F. fujikuroi, F. incarnatum-equiseti, F. oxysporum, and F. sambucinum species complexes, but not species of Bisifusarium [F. dimerum species complex (SC)], Cyanonectria (F. buxicola SC), Geejayessia (F. staphyleae SC), Neocosmospora (F. solani SC) or Rectifusarium (F. ventricosum SC). The present study represents the first step to generating a new online monograph of Fusarium and allied fusarioid genera (www.fusarium.org).

The aim of this study was to carry out a mechanical and microstructuralcharacterisation of calcium aluminate cement [EndoBinder (EB)]by compressive and diametral tensile strength tests, Vickers microhardnesstest and scanning electron microscopy analysis. Test specimens were made accordingto the type of cement used [EB, grey mineral trioxide aggregate (GMTA)and white mineral trioxide aggregate (WMTA)] and the settingtime tested (24 h, 7 days and 21 days). The mean values obtainedafter mechanical tests showed that EB presented higher compressive strength,with statistically significant difference to WMTA (7/21 days), andhigher diametral tensile strength, with statistically significant differenceto GMTA (7/21 days) and WMTA (21 days). EndoBinder presentedhigher microhardness values, differing statistically from GMTA (21 days)and WMTA (7/21 days). The SEM analysis showed a more homogeneousmicrostructural arrangement for EB, with particles of uniform size and shape.EndoBinder presented adequate mechanical properties, frequently superior tomineral trioxide aggregate, making it a feasible option for endodontic treatment.

A produção agrícola no Brasil tem aumentado devido à crescente demanda por alimentos, gerandograndes quantidades de resíduos agrícolas, necessitando práticas de reciclagem para diminuir osdébitos econômicos e ambientais causados. O objetivo do estudo proposto foi avaliar fertilizantes deliberação lenta (F1 e F2) produzidos a partir de bio-óleo. Para isso, bio-óleo produzido de serragemfoi submetido a reações termoquímica com (NH2)2CO (F1) e bio-óleo com NH4OH mais biocarvão(F2). O crescimento do hipocótilo de plântulas de milho foi monitorado com adição de F1 em areianas doses 1,2, 2,4, 4,0, 8,0, 16,0, 24,0, 32,0 e 40,0 t ha-1 e as mesmas doses para F2, além datestemunha. Ambos os fertilizantes são fontes de nitrogênio e potássio para nutrição das plantas. Noentanto, F2 apresentou melhor desenvolvimento das plântulas de milho quando comparado com oF1.