Blue Pencil Group (United States)

Preventive interventions aimed at learning to cope with psychological stressors and building resilience could benefit most forcibly displaced persons (FDP). Limited research has been conducted to examine the usefulness of resilience-building art therapy for FDP. The aim of this exploratory study was to investigate the perspective of adult FDP on the process of change after a resilience-building art therapy intervention, i.e. to (a) identify the positive changes they experience, (b) the associated therapeutic factors, and (c) the mechanisms they believe to be responsible for these changes. An exploratory qualitive study using thematic analysis with descriptive quantitative data was conducted with 11 adult FDP who received an eight-session resilience-building group art therapy intervention. The participants identified three positive changes: (i) felt calmer, (ii) strengthened emotional skills and (iii) reinforced self. The results also highlight multiple therapeutic factors and some combinations of these, which could be possible change mechanisms. The authors suggest replicating the research to confirm and complete the results.

Türkçe dünyanın en eski ve tarihî dillerinden biridir. Dilin iç ve dış tarihi açısından Türkçenin tarihsel süreci çeşitli kitaplarda incelenmiştir. Ancak Türk dilinin tarihini konu alan kitaplar dilin tarihine göre oldukça yenidir. İlk Türk Dili Tarihi kitabını Ahmet Caferoğlu yazmıştır. İkincisini Ahmet Bican Ercilasun kaleme almıştır. Üçüncü kitabı ise Ali Akar yazmıştır. Bu çalışmada adı geçen üç kitap da dilin dış ve iç tarihine ilişkin bilgiler ve iki izleksel konu açısından karşılaştırılmış ve sonuçta Ahmet Caferoğlu’nun eserinin hala değerini koruduğu, Ercilasun’un kitabının dilin iç tarihi açısından daha ayrıntılı olduğu, Akar’ın çalışmasının ise güncel duruma daha çok önem ve yer vermek bakımından özgün nitelikler taşıdığı belirlenmiştir.

My multiple case study provided me with a lens into the nature, antecedents, and support of generativity in the leadership of female higher leaders in midlife. It examined intended leadership legacies, the reasons female higher education leaders believe that they are motivated to leave leadership legacies, and the environment at the research site for generative female higher education leaders.

The use of qualitative methods in research can be, as Patton (2002) aptly put it, “quite controversial” (p. 571). The controversy stems in large part from the long-standing debate among scholars over how best to study and understand the world. I believe that the debate is motivated by good intentions and rooted in sincere philosophical differences about the nature of reality and epistemological differences about what constitutes knowledge and how it is created. Nonetheless, the scholarly debate between quantitative and qualitative researchers can be at times divisive, emotional, and even rancorous (Patton, p. 572).

To develop and then prospectively validate an objective scale to grade multiple organ system dysfunction in a large population of critically ill children. Prospective, observational cohort study. A pediatric intensive care unit at a tertiary care pediatric teaching hospital. A total of 6,456 pediatric consecutive admissions (mean age 4.62 yrs) admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit. a) Identification of variables that could define organ dysfunction in children; b) development of a Pediatric Multiple Organ Dysfunction Score (P-MODS); c) correlation of the score with outcome at pediatric intensive care unit discharge; d) subsequent prospective validation. A computer system randomly separated patients into two groups: a development set to create the scoring system and a validation set to evaluate score performance and reproducibility. Survivors and nonsurvivors were compared to define variables that were significantly more abnormal in nonsurvivors. Those variables were correlated with pediatric intensive care unit mortality rate. Optimal intervals for each variable were defined on the development set, and their performance was evaluated in the validation set. Descriptors for organ dysfunction were identified in five organ systems: cardiovascular (lactic acid), respiratory (Pa(O(2))/Fi(O(2)) ratio), hepatic (bilirubin), hematologic (fibrinogen), and renal (blood urea nitrogen). A grading scale for each variable was set from 0 to 4, corresponding to mortality rates of <5% and >50%, respectively. P-MODS was calculated by summing the worst score for all variables. Overall performance of the score was evaluated by generating receiver operating characteristic curves for both study sets. The score correlated strongly and in a graded fashion with pediatric intensive care unit mortality rate. In both sets (development and validation), mortality rate was <5% when the score was 0 and >70% at the highest score. Overall mortality rate was 5.9% (development set) and 5.3% (validation set). The score showed excellent discrimination reflected in areas under the curve: 0.81 (development set) and 0.78 (validation set). P-MODS correlated strongly with pediatric intensive care unit mortality in both study sets and can provide an objective measure for assessing organ dysfunction in the pediatric intensive care unit. With further study and validation across many centers, it is likely that P-MODS could function as a quantitative, clinically relevant surrogate outcome measure for future therapeutic trials.