Bodycote (Czechia)

W artykule przedstawiono problematykę lutowania twardego w próżni cienkościennych elementów układów rozdziału powietrza na przykładzie instalacji do samolotów Airbus A318. Opisano podstawowe problemy występujące w procesach montażu i lutowania piecowego poszczególnych elementów instalacji. Brazing selected processes in aviation industry Abstract The paper describes the problems of high temperature brazing in vacuum of thin-walled air management systems based on example of air installations for Airbus A318. The basic problems occurring in assembling and high temperature furnace brazing process of the installations have been described.

High failure rates of cobalt-chromium-molybdenum (Co-Cr-Mo) metal-on-metal hip prosthesis were reported by various authors, probably due to the alloy's limited hardness and tribological properties. This thus caused the popularity of the alloy in metal-on-metal hip replacements to decrease due to its poor wear properties when compared with other systems such as ceramic-on-ceramic. S-phase surface engineering has become an industry standard when citing surface hardening of austenitic stainless steels. This hardening process allows the austenitic stainless steel to retain its corrosion resistance, while at the same time also improving its hardness and wear resistance. By coupling S-phase surface engineering, using the proprietary Kolsterising(®) treatment from Bodycote Hardiff GmbH, that is currently being used mainly on stainless steel, with Co-Cr-Mo alloys, an improvement in hardness and tribological characteristics is predicted. The objective of this paper is to analyze the biocompatibility of a Kolsterised(®) Co-Cr-Mo alloy, and to characterize the material surface in order to show the advantages gained by using the Kolsterised(®) material relative to the original untreated alloy, and other materials. This work has been performed on 3 fronts including; Material characterization, "In-vitro" corrosion testing, and Biological testing conforming to BS EN ISO 10993-18:2009 - Biological evaluation of medical devices. Using these techniques, the Kolsterised(®) cobalt-chromium-molybdenum alloys were found to have good biocompatibility and an augmented corrosion resistance when compared with the untreated alloy. The Kolsterised(®) samples also showed a 150% increase in surface hardness over the untreated material thus predicting better wear properties.

Critical experimental studies have been carried out to examine the stability of eutectic morphology in three-dimensional (3-D) samples under diffusive growth conditions. By directionally solidifying capillary samples of the well-characterized Al-Cu eutectic alloy, it is shown that the observed minimum spacing agrees with the value predicted by the Jackson and Hunt (JH) model, but the range of stable spacing is reduced significantly in three dimensions. The ratio of the maximum to minimum eutectic spacing in three dimensions is found to be only 1.2 compared to the predicted value of 2.0 in two dimensions. The narrow range of stable spacing is shown to be due to the instabilities in the third dimension that forms when the local spacing becomes larger than some critical spacing value, which corresponds to the maximum stable spacing. A new mechanism of lamellar creation in the third dimension is observed in which lamella with a local spacing larger than the critical value becomes unstable and forms a sidewise perturbation that becomes enlarged at the leading front and then propagates parallel to the lamella to create a new lamella. Alternately, an array of sidewise perturbations form, which then coalesce at their leading fronts and then become detached from the parent lamella to form a new lamella.