Borsa Istanbul (Turkey)

This study introduces an enhanced formulation of the Particle Inverse Method (PIM) tailored for shape sensing and crack propagation monitoring of laminated composite plates. Building upon the foundational concept of PIM as a novel particle-based structural health monitoring method for isotropic plates, the approach presented herein enables full-field deformation reconstruction and real-time crack propagation monitoring of laminated composite plates from discrete strain measurements, without requiring knowledge of loading conditions or material properties. The method utilizes a mesh-free particle discretization and a nonlocal differential operator inspired by peridynamics to approximate spatial gradients of the displacement field. Through a variational least-squares principle, the algorithm minimizes discrepancies between numerically reconstructed strains and experimental strain data obtained via distributed sensors. A damage parameter is defined based on bond-level interactions to capture the initiation and progression of cracks in composite plates. The proposed framework supports continuous assessment even as damage evolves. The performance of the method is demonstrated through numerical and experimental case studies on composite laminates with various ply configurations and crack orientations. Results confirm the method’s capability to accurately reconstruct full-field displacements while predicting crack opening and propagation behavior, validating its potential for real-time health monitoring of composite structures.

This study primarily investigates the effects of solo and pair programming on students’ problem-solving skills and motivation. Additionally, it aims to identify key factors and tensions associated with pair programming based on students’ reflections. An embedded mixed-methods research design was employed. The sample consisted of 42 undergraduate students. Participants in the control group, comprising 19 students, worked individually on computational tasks, while those in the experimental group engaged in the same tasks in pairs. All participants took part in computational thinking activities over seven weeks, structured around game development projects. Data were collected through questionnaires and in-depth interviews. The results indicated no statistically significant differences between the two groups in terms of overall motivation and problem-solving scores. However, the experimental group scored higher in the sub-dimension related to conceptualizing problems through modeling. Student motivation was found to be high across both groups following the intervention, regardless of the programming mode. After analyzing the qualitative data obtained from five students, a total of 122 codes were identified and categorized under six themes: 'team dynamics', 'task and platform characteristics', 'affective domain', 'cognitive strategies and problem-solving', 'pedagogical framework', and 'roles'. The qualitative findings suggest that the pedagogical benefits of pair programming can only be fully realized through the effective management of pairing strategies, peer communication, task difficulty, and collaborative processes

The success of global trade depends on various factors. Supply chains play a crucial role in reshaping international trade dynamics. The scholarly focus expanded to earlier historical periods by examining the evolution of business models after World War II. Business history has been shaped by numerous technological, social and economic factors. These include Just-In-Time philosophy, social policies, ideological theories, and management approaches. This chapter begins by examining the contemporary concept of Supply Chain Management, followed by an examination of contemporary supply chain models of some prominent multinational giant companies. These case studies, covering modest logistics practices, are useful tools for understanding the interaction between supply chains and international trade.

Underground cable monitoring is a critical task for DSOs. During the operation or commissioning , the insulation of the underground cable may be deteriorated. Thus, PDs may occur through the insulation layers. It is wise to detect and locate the PDs before severe insulation breakdowns. Comprehensive EMPT-ATP Draw based parametric analysis have been carried out in a representative cable feeder. The simulation results clearly show that the location of the PD can be detected with high accuracy using EMPT-ATP Draw model. With this motivation the real distribution network and HFCT are modeled. On-site PD measurement results and EMPT-ATP Draw simulation results are compared. Results obtained from a real on-site measurements and EMPT-ATP Draw model were found to be similar.

Zeytin ahşabı, tornacılık ve mobilya yapımında kullanılmaktadır. Bu çalışmada zeytin (Olea europaea L.) ahşabında bazı yüzey özellikleri [renk, beyazlık indeksi (WI*) ve parlaklık] üzerine balmumu uygulamasının (1, 2 ve 3 kat olarak) etkileri araştırılmıştır. Belirlenmiş olan sonuçlara göre, bütün testler üzerinde varyans analizleri anlamlı olarak tespit edilmiştir. Ahşap malzeme yüzeylerine balmumu uygulamasında kat sayısının artması uygulaması sonrasında C*, a*, b* ve parlaklık değerleri arttığı belirlenirken, L*, ho ve WI* (her iki yön) değerleri azaldığı görülmüştür. ∆E* değerleri 5.73 ile 1 kat uygulamasında 5.73, 2 kat uygulamasında 11.39 ve 3 kat uygulamasında 12.00 olarak elde edilmiştir. ∆E* değerline göre 2 ve 3 kat uygulamasına ait sonuçlar birbirine çok yakın elde edildiği için 3. kat uygulamasına gerek olmadığı söylene bilinir.

An important part of environmental pollution has resulted in energy consumption, the level of environmental pollution varies across sectors, and energy R&D investments have been strategic tools in this respect. Considering this fact, the research studies the role of R&D investments in energy on CO 2 emissions by focusing on the USA case as pioneering R&D investing country in energy technologies. In this context, the study makes a disaggregated level analysis and performs various nonlinear methods to data between 1975/Q1 and 2020/Q4. The nonlinear empirical results demonstrate that (i) R&D investments have a strong dependency on sectoral CO 2 emissions across times and frequencies; (ii) at higher quantiles, R&D investments in nuclear energy have a generally declining impact on power and building sector CO 2 emissions, whereas R&D investments in renewable energy stimulate sectoral CO 2 emissions; (iii) R&D investments are causally effective on sectoral CO 2 emissions across various quantiles; (iv) R&D investments in total curb generally sectoral CO 2 emissions. The research demonstrates that R&D investments in energy on sectoral CO 2 emissions have a varying heterogonous impact based on time, frequency, quantile, and R&D types. Thus, USA policymakers should include time, frequency, quantile, R&D types, and sector-based differentiating impacts to curb sectoral CO 2 emissions in re-formulating energy environmental policy framework as a critical issue for ensuring sustainable development. Accordingly, various policies (e.g. relying on nuclear R&D investments, re-balance distribution of the R&D investments among the alternatives, consideration of sectoral differences) are discussed.