Boyds (United Kingdom)

Australia's Antimony Supply Chain is a national snapshot of the antimony sector as of January 2026 including production, resources and exploration.<br>Antimony is a critical mineral essential for energy, defence and advanced manufacturing applications. While its traditional demand has come from flame retardants and lead‑acid batteries, consumption in these legacy sectors is declining due to material substitution, modern alloying practices, and the shift to lithium-ion batteries. Increasing recycling rates are meeting most metallurgical demand (e.g. lead-acid batteries), meaning primary supply growth is now tied largely to non-metallurgical, technology-driven uses. Antimony use in solar photovoltaic glass has expanded rapidly, and it continues to play an important role in electronics and certain semiconductor applications. Strategic applications include use in ammunition.

OnabotulinumtoxinA (onabotA) is indicated for upper facial lines (UFL). Fear of unnatural-looking outcomes is a frequently reported treatment barrier. Examine patient-reported outcomes (PROs) after onabotA treatment for UFL. A post hoc analysis was conducted on two 12-month pivotal studies of onabotA for forehead and glabellar lines (20 U each), with/without treatment of crow's feet lines (±24 U). This analysis used PROs from the Facial Line Satisfaction Questionnaire: Items 4 (natural look), 5 (treatment effect), 11 (met expectations), and Impact Domain (appearance and psychological impact). The analysis included 458 neurotoxin-naive adults achieving a ≥2-grade improvement in forehead line (FHL) severity on the Facial Wrinkle Scale at Day 30 (primary endpoint). [Corrections made on 28 December 2023, after first online publication: 'UFL' in the previous sentence has been corrected to 'forehead line (FHL)' in this version.] Data were further stratified into millennials and men. At Day 30, 90.5% of all participants, 94.6% of millennials, and 85.7% of men were satisfied with receiving a natural look. Millennials had higher odds of being satisfied with natural outcomes at Day 30. This measure remained > 80% for all groups throughout the 12 months. Additionally, ≥80% were satisfied with the treatment effect, and >90% reported results met expectations. At Day 30, ≥50% reported positive impacts on self-perceived appearance and psychological well-being, but millennials had higher, and men had lower odds of reporting these improvements. Participants achieving a ≥2-grade improvement in FHL severity after onabotA reported high satisfaction with natural outcomes and the treatment effect, with improved self-perceived appearance and psychological well-being. [Corrections made on 28 December 2023, after first online publication: 'UFL' in the previous sentence has been corrected to 'FHL' in this version.] These results may help aesthetic providers and patients address fears regarding unnatural results with onabotA.

This executive summary of the clinical practice guideline for the evaluation and diagnosis of chest pain provides recommendations and algorithms for clinicians to assess and diagnose chest pain in adult patients. A comprehensive literature search was conducted from November 11, 2017, to May 1, 2020, encompassing studies, reviews, and other evidence conducted on human subjects that were published in English from PubMed, EMBASE, the Cochrane Collaboration, Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality reports, and other relevant databases. Additional relevant studies, published through April 2021, were also considered. Structure: Chest pain is a frequent cause for emergency department visits in the United States. The "2021 AHA/ACC/ASE/CHEST/SAEM/SCCT/SCMR Guideline for the Evaluation and Diagnosis of Chest Pain" provides recommendations based on contemporary evidence on the assessment and evaluation of chest pain. These guidelines present an evidence-based approach to risk stratification and the diagnostic workup for the evaluation of chest pain. Cost-value considerations in diagnostic testing have been incorporated and shared decision-making with patients is recommended.

A couple bugfixes finish off the v0.5 series.

Introduction: Although a myocardial bridge (MB) is a common, generally benign anatomic variant, a small subset of patients experience severe anginal symptoms related to their MB, resulting in significant physical limitations and a poor quality of life. Surgical unroofing (supra-arterial myotomy) is a treatment option when medical management fails, but little is known regarding the clinical outcomes of patients who undergo surgical unroofing. Methods: A total of 34 patients (10 men, 24 women) with severe angina and a hemodynamically significant MB underwent surgical unroofing. All patients had failed medical management and had undergone extensive testing prior to surgery, including exercise echocardiography, coronary computerized tomography angiography, invasive coronary angiography, intravascular ultrasound (a MB was defined as an echolucent half-moon sign and/or ≥10% systolic compression), and hemodynamic testing using an intracoronary pressure and Doppler flow wire at rest and during dobutamine stress to calculate a diastolic fractional flow reserve (dFFR) (the ratio of diastolic intracoronary pressure divided by aortic pressure), as well as the peak Doppler flow velocity. An abnormal dFFR was defined as ≤0.76 during dobutamine stress. A Seattle angina questionnaire (SAQ) was administered to evaluate symptoms and quality of life before and after surgery. Results: The mean age was 45.1 ± 15.7 years and median follow-up was 6.6 (2 - 13) months after surgery. There were no major complications during the pre, intra, or post-operative period of the surgery. Following surgery, patients reported a significant improvement in all five dimensions of the SAQ (figure). Conclusions: In carefully selected patients with severe angina secondary to a hemodynamically significant MB who have failed medical management, surgical unroofing appears to be a safe and effective option for improving physical limitations, anginal symptoms, and overall quality of life.

One of the major environmental challenges of the twenty-first century is the continued rapid deforestation of Amazonia. The 2005 dieback crisis emphasizes the unprecedented challenges facing Brazil. The examination of past and present institutions for ecosystem management, in Amazonia, shows structural barriers across public, private and community arrangements. The adaptive governance concept helps to understand why these institutions are failing to deliver sustainable futures. In looking forward, it is encouraging to see that important networks of knowledge and a number of novel initiatives are emerging in Brazil. These new arrangements are novel in the way that they seem to be adaptive and navigate structures in the hope of overcoming insurmountable drivers of deforestation.

Was society’s response adequate in the cases of Mrs Pretty and Ms B? On the 11th of May, less than two weeks after losing her final legal appeal, Mrs Diane Pretty died, under sedation and in the care of a hospice. It was not the end she had pursued through the English High Court, the Court of Appeal, the House of Lords, and the European Court of Human Rights. Paralysed by motor neurone disease and unable to take her own life, Mrs Pretty wanted her husband to be allowed to help her to die when they decided the time had come. But in England, assisting suicide is a crime, although suicide itself no longer is, and the English courts refused Mrs Pretty’s request to grant her husband legal immunity. In turning to the European Court of Human Rights, Mrs Pretty argued that the English courts’ refusal had violated the European Convention on Human Rights. The European court, however, judged that there had been no violation. The right to life (article 2 of the convention) could not be construed as conferring a “right to die”, and consequently the state could not be required to “sanction actions intended to terminate life” in order to protect Mrs Pretty from the “inhuman or degrading treatment” (prohibited by article 3) to which she claimed the law on assisted suicide subjected her. The right to respect for private life (article 8), moreover, had to be exercised “in accordance with the law” of the state concerned. “States were entitled to regulate through the operation of the general criminal law activities which were detrimental to the life and safety of other individuals”; and such activities were what the English law against assisting suicide was designed to prevent. Exceptions to this law could not be allowed without undermining the …

The current method of determining the hydraulic properties of soils using piezocone penetration test (PCPT) requires the advancement of the piezocone penetrometer to the desired depth and holding (or arresting) it for the dissipation test. In order to obtain the hydraulic properties, one analyses the pore water dissipation test results by two-dimensional or three-dimensional radial drainage consolidation. This conventional procedure is methodologically simple and presents relatively reliable values of permeability compared to other field test methods. However, it is still challenging for field engineers and needs to be improved. The piezocone penetrometer intrudes into the ground with the speed of 2 cm/s. Thus, the test mechanism is a kind of strain-controlled condition with partial drainage. Therefore, the excess pore pressure during the piezocone penetration is a function of the permeability of the soil as well as the stress–strain parameters. Thus, with the proper coupled theory of mixtures which can take into account the coupling of solid and pore water flow, one can predict the permeability of the soil from the pore pressure response during PCPT. In this study, the coupled theory of mixtures of the soil grains and the pore water is used in order to predict the permeability of the soil from the excess pore pressure generated from the multiple piezo-element PCPT ‘on the fly’. An elasto-plastic, finite strain constitutive equation in an updated Lagrangian reference frame is used in this work. Using the proposed method, a reliable value of the permeability of soil is obtained conveniently without the use of the pore pressure dissipation tests. Copyright © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd