Brinker Technology (United Kingdom)

The increasing demand for light olefins in Indonesia necessitates alternative catalytic pathways beyond naphtha-based steam cracking while aligning with national decarbonization strategies. This study evaluates the performance of Bayah natural zeolite and alkaline-earth-metal-modified ZSM-5 (Mg, Ca, Ba) for methanol-to-olefins (MTO) conversion. Activation of Bayah zeolite through acid treatment and calcination significantly improved crystallinity, pore accessibility, and Brønsted–Lewis acidity, as confirmed by XRD, BET, FTIR, and SEM analyses. Catalytic testing in a fixed-bed reactor demonstrated nearly complete methanol conversion, with calcined zeolite exhibiting high selectivity toward ethylene and propylene and minimal C₅⁺ formation. Metal-impregnated ZSM-5 catalysts showed distinct behaviors, where Mg-modified ZSM-5 (ZN-2) achieved the highest C₂–C₃ olefin yields, while Ca- and Ba-modified catalysts (ZN-3, ZN-4) effectively suppressed heavy hydrocarbons by moderating strong Brønsted acidity. Overall, the results highlight the promising potential of locally sourced Bayah zeolite and metal-modified ZSM-5 as cost-effective and sustainable catalysts for future olefin production in Indonesia.

Although Artificial Intelligence (AI) is being increasingly applied, considerable distrust about introducing “disruptive” technologies persists. Intrinsic and contextual factors influencing where and how such innovations are introduced therefore require careful scrutiny to ensure that health equity is promoted. To illustrate one such critical approach, we describe and appraise an AI application – the development of computer assisted diagnosis (CAD) to support more efficient adjudication of compensation claims from former gold miners with occupational lung disease in Southern Africa. In doing so, we apply a bio-ethical lens that considers the principles of beneficence, non-maleficence, autonomy and justice and add explicability as a core principle. We draw on the AI literature, our research on CAD validation and process efficiency, as well as apprehensions of users and stakeholders. Issues of concern included AI accuracy, biased training of AI systems, data privacy, impact on human skill development, transparency and accountability in AI use, as well as intellectual property ownership. We discuss ways in which each of these potential obstacles to successful use of CAD could be mitigated. We conclude that efforts to overcoming technical challenges in applying AI must be accompanied from the onset by attention to ensuring its ethical use.

Sealing Casing Leaks through the Remote Deployment of Discrete Particles M. J. Loveland; M. J. Loveland ConocoPhillips Search for other works by this author on: This Site Google Scholar P.. Klein; P.. Klein ConocoPhillips Search for other works by this author on: This Site Google Scholar N. J. Ryan; N. J. Ryan Brinker Technology Search for other works by this author on: This Site Google Scholar C.. Bowie C.. Bowie Brinker Technology Search for other works by this author on: This Site Google Scholar Paper presented at the SPE/ICoTA Coiled Tubing and Well Intervention Conference and Exhibition, The Woodlands, Texas, USA, March 2010. Paper Number: SPE-130428-MS https://doi.org/10.2118/130428-MS Published: March 23 2010 Cite View This Citation Add to Citation Manager Share Icon Share Twitter LinkedIn Get Permissions Search Site Citation Loveland, M. J., Klein, P.. , Ryan, N. J., and C.. Bowie. "Sealing Casing Leaks through the Remote Deployment of Discrete Particles." Paper presented at the SPE/ICoTA Coiled Tubing and Well Intervention Conference and Exhibition, The Woodlands, Texas, USA, March 2010. doi: https://doi.org/10.2118/130428-MS Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll ProceedingsSociety of Petroleum Engineers (SPE)SPE/ICoTA Well Intervention Conference and Exhibition Search Advanced Search Abstract An outer casing leak can be a significant well integrity issue, primarily due to the inability to easily access the leak site for intervention. Recent outer casing failures caused by external corrosion on some wells in the Kuparuk Field of Alaska prompted research for a non-invasive repair method to delay or negate the need for a rig workover. Limited options for downhole access on outer concentric casing strings have an impact on the ability to define the leak in terms of location, size and shape, and consequently the ability to effect a seal of the casing.The Platelet® technology discussed in this paper is an innovative means of sealing leaks which involves the remote injection of discrete particles into a well which are then carried to the leak site in the fluid flow. When the platelets reach the vicinity of the leak, fluid forces entrain them into the leak and hold them against the casing wall thus facilitating a seal allowing the well to be returned to service.Previously proven for applications in subsea pipelines, platelet technology over the last 12 months has successfully been developed for downhole use. In January 2009, specifically engineered platelets were deployed into well annuli for the first time.Two case studies will be presented where the technology has been used in the Kuparuk field in Alaska. In the first instance a ¼" corrosion induced hole in the surface casing at a depth of 126 ft was sealed with a single platelet by a deployment from surface into the outer annulus. The well was initially leaking at a rate of 0.5 bpm and subsequently passed an 1800 psi mechanical integrity test. The second study will review a seal of a 0.26 bpm leak at 30 ft depth which eventually gave out.The paper will review the front end engineering development, the well site deployment, and lessons learned. The paper concludes by demonstrating the successful use of the platelet technology for sealing annulus leaks and how the technology has successfully postponed or negated the need for a rig workover to repair a surface casing leak. The results from this study have provided valuable insight into the behavior of the platelets in the fluid flow before entrainment and the behavior in the leak after entrainment. Keywords: carrier fluid, completion installation and operations, casing design, platelet, materials and corrosion, platelet technology, subsurface corrosion, deployment, application, upstream oil & gas Subjects: Casing and Cementing, Pipelines, Flowlines and Risers, Casing design, Materials and corrosion, Completion Installation and Operations, Well Integrity, Coiled tubing operations, Subsurface corrosion (tubing, casing, completion equipment, conductor) Copyright 2010, Society of Petroleum Engineers You can access this article if you purchase or spend a download.

Abstract Unbonded flexible-pipe risers provide a structurally compliant solution in offshore production systems for the recovery of oil & gas. Fatigue analysis of unbonded flexible-pipe risers has seen new advances in recent years and these are beginning to make an impact on new designs and life extensions of riser systems. This paper reviews some of these new advances for the steel amour wires in flexible pipes and describes an application on extending the life of a riser system that is nearing the end of its original design fatigue life or indeed a green field riser system. The application presented in the paper gives a comparison of the fatigue lives predicted by the state of current practice and the new advanced methods. The new methods are equally applicable to the new design of fatigue critical riser systems. The results in the paper show that the advanced methods produce longer fatigue lives than the current state-of-practice methods. The life extension is obtained from the following advanced analysis methods:A comprehensive global dynamics analysis of the riserThree-dimensional pipe bending in the local stress analysisHysteresis damping of the riser bending response The first two advances bring the fatigue analysis of flexible risers to a standard that is comparable with steel risers. Note however, the local stress analysis for a flexible riser is more complex than for a steel riser and this conventionally results in much less global analysis performed for a flexible riser. The third advance applies only to unbonded flexible risers and there have been few attempts to-date that account for the reduction in bending as attributed to the hysteresis damping effect. Introduction Unbonded flexible pipes have a composite wall construction where the key components are polymer sheaths for fluid containment and helically wound steel amour wires for strength. The construction is highly compliant in bending in comparison to a steel pipe. Unbonded flexible pipes are widely installed as compliant risers in offshore floating production systems and as subsea flowlines due to their ease of installation. The complex composite construction of these pipes has largely resulted in conservative methods of fatigue design. These conservatisms are presently subject to reappraisal in both existing and new riser systems. The fatigue design of existing flexible riser systems is more frequently being reassessed as the actual operating conditions become documented and these prove to be harsher than planned in the original design. Design fatigue lives are being significantly reduced as operational data show increased levels of wave-induced loading or conditions for corrosion-fatigue of the steel amour become established. It is generally preferable to prove the riser is fatigue tolerant to these new harsher conditions as opposed to replacing the riser. Extending the service life of the riser beyond the original design is also a key objective of these fatigue reassessments. New flexible riser systems designed for deeper water applications are also pushing back accepted conservatisms of design. The high level of extreme and fatigue bending motion in the touchdown zone of a deepwater flexible catenary riser is one example that is forcing back conservatisms of the design. Applying advanced methods of analysis in predicting the global motions of the riser and the local stress in the steel amour is highly effective in reducing the conservatism of fatigue life assessments when required. The methods include extensive application of irregular or stochastic seas with a computationally efficient discretization of the riser, including hysteresis damping of th

OBJECTIVE: This video demonstrates our technique of cystoscopic intradetrusor injection of Botulinum A Toxin for the treatment of detrusor overactivity incontinence. METHODS: The patient is placed in dorsal lithotomy position in our office treatment room. Thirty mls of 1% lidocaine is instilled in the bladder 15 minutes prior to the procedure. Two hundred units of Botox is dissolved in 6 cc of sterile injectable saline and separated into two 3 cc syringes. A single drop of methylene blue is added to each syringe to assist in visualization of drug dispersion after delivery. Using the Wolf cystoscope injection system (Richard Wolf Medical Instruments Corp, Vernon Hills, IL), including a 17 Fr scope and 22 Fr sheath, routine cystoscopy is performed. After localization of the ureteral orifices, systematic injection of the bladder dome is performed under direct visualization starting in the midline above the level of the trigone. Injections are performed at a depth just below the bladder mucosa and into detrusor muscle superficial enough to create a wheal at the injection site. Gradually working outward to each side, injections are performed at 0.5 to 1 cm intervals. Visualization of dispersion of the methylene blue stained drug through the bladder mucosa is used to indicate prior injection sites and drug delivery. Treatment is completed when approximately 20 injections using a total of 200 U of Botox are performed throughout the posterior bladder wall. RESULTS: The procedure is well tolerated under local anesthesia. The patient is discharged to home and placed on 3 days of prophylactic urinary antibiotics. CONCLUSIONS: Office cystoscopic intra-detrusor Botulinum A toxin injection is technically feasible and well tolerated. This video illustrates a treatment technique in an office procedure room setting under local anesthesia.

Book reviewed in this article:Roger Scruton, The Aesthetics of Music