Burapha University

This study explores the application of generative artificial intelligence technology in the design of cultural and creative products, using kumis packaging design as a case study. It establishes and validates a “human + AI” collaborative design framework oriented by user demands, driven by cultural resources, and supported by artificially intelligent technological tools. As an important part of ethnic cultural heritage, the Mongolian saddle, with its profound cultural connotations and unique visual characteristics, provides abundant inspiration for kumis packaging design. Through semi-structured interviews, this research identifies design requirement indicators for kumis packaging. The Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) is applied to construct a hierarchical model of requirements and calculate indicator weights to identify key design criteria. Subsequently, samples of Mongolian saddle cultural resources are collected, deconstructed, and categorized using an expert panel method, resulting in a structured image set. These elements are then translated into input prompts for AIGC tools to generate multiple kumis packaging designs rich in the cultural essence of the Mongolian saddle. The designs are scientifically evaluated using the Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation (FCE) method. The results indicate that the integration of AIGC technology not only enables the effective transformation and expression of cultural elements but also significantly enhances the efficiency and diversity of design generation. This validates the feasibility and practical value of AIGC as a “co-creator” in cultural and creative design. This study provides theoretical guidance and practical reference for the innovative integration of ethnic culture and modern design, expands the application scenarios of generative AI technology in cultural and creative design, and contributes to promoting cultural sustainability.

Abstract The performance of youth in martial arts arises from complex interactions among anthropometric, neuromuscular, maturational, and cognitive elements. However, it is uncertain whether these performance variables constitute common or discipline-specific latent structures across different martial arts. The study aimed to identify discipline-specific latent performance characteristics in youth martial arts athletes and the influence of anthropometric, neuromuscular, maturational, and cognitive factors on inter-sport variation. One hundred fifteen (n = 115) trained male athletes (age 14.4 ± 1.7 years) from judo, jujitsu, Muay Thai, wrestling, taekwondo and pencak silat underwent standardized evaluations. Principal Component Analysis with Varimax rotation (eigen values ≥ 1.0) showed distinctive component structures for each discipline. The primary component for the entire cohort accounted for 38.4% of the variance, predominantly influenced by skeletal muscle mass (0.91–0.94) and countermovement jump peak force (0.90–0.92), suggesting a common morphology–power basis. Judo, Muay Thai, wrestling, and pencak silat exhibited strength profiles characterized by substantial mass support and forceful grasping and striking with a variance ranging from 30.4% to 45.3%. Taekwondo presented a power-centric framework propelled by explosive lower-limb strength (loadings: 0.96–0.99), while jujitsu revealed a cognitive-motor profile, with inhibitory control and executive processing accounting for 60.3% of the variance. The youth performance in martial arts is supported by a common morphological and power foundation, alongside discipline-specific neuromuscular and cognitive requirements.

The use of advanced thermoplastics in aircraft applications is steadily increasing due to their excellent mechanical strength and thermal stability. This study investigates Carbon Fibre Reinforced Polyphenylene Sulfide (CF/PPS) composites utilising a 5-Harness Satin (HS) fabric. Quasi-isotropic laminates with two different thicknesses underwent a thermoforming process at varying tool temperatures. The objective is to evaluate the effect of the degree of crystallinity (DOC) on the mechanical properties, specifically Impact Strength and Interlaminar Shear Strength (ILSS), as well as on thermal properties through Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA) and Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) analysis. The results show that the DOC of CF/PPS in both 6- and 8-ply samples led to an improvement of over 50% in impact strength. Furthermore, ILSS increased by 15.3% and 10.38% at tool temperatures of 170°C and 160°C for the 6 plies and 8 plies laminates, respectively. TGA analysis after stamping indicated improved thermal stability with higher residual content, suggesting enhanced char formation. Lastly, for DSC results, DOC demonstrated 22.8% crystallinity after the thermoforming process, further supporting the correlation between DOC and mechanical performance.

Background: Community-dwelling older adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) often report poor sleep, which may aggravate metabolic control and functional decline; yet sleep problems and their biopsychosocial drivers are underrecognized in primary care. Objectives: To describe sleep quality, examine biopsychosocial correlates, and identify significant predictors of sleep quality in older adults with T2DM and MCI. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in 6 primary care units in Suphan Buri province, Thailand. Sleep quality was measured using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Biological factors included age, sex, body mass index, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), diabetes duration, hypertension, comorbidities, and probable obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Psychological factors were depressive symptoms (TGDS-15), diabetes-related distress (DDS-17), and diabetes self-efficacy. Social/environmental factors included perceived social support and environmental disturbance. Behavioral factors were diabetes self-care behaviors (SDSCA). Pearson’s correlations and hierarchical multiple regression were performed. Results: Poor sleep was common (82.3%; PSQI > 5). Sleep quality correlated with depressive symptoms (r = 0.46), diabetes distress (r = 0.39), self-efficacy (r = -0.41), environmental disturbance (r = 0.34), and self-care (r = -0.32) (all P < .001). In the final model, HbA1c (β = 0.11), probable OSA (β = 0.14), depressive symptoms (β = 0.28), diabetes distress (β = 0.17), self-efficacy (β = -0.22), environmental disturbance (β = 0.19), and self-care (β = -0.12) independently predicted PSQI, explaining 47% of variance (adjusted R² = 0.45). Conclusions: Sleep quality in older adults with T2DM and MCI reflects a biopsychosocial profile dominated by psychological, environmental, and behavioral factors, with selected biological risks. Primary care nurses should integrate sleep screening with assessment of mood, diabetes distress, self-efficacy, OSA risk, and home sleep conditions to guide multicomponent interventions.

The Eastern Economic Corridor of Thailand has experienced rapid economic growth and significant immigration, which has led to greater cultural diversity and poses a challenge for healthcare. Nursing personnel require strong cultural competence to meet the diverse health needs of this population. This cross-sectional study aimed to examine the level of cultural competence and its predicting factors among nursing personnel in the Eastern Economic Corridor. The sample consisted of 353 nursing personnel, including nursing students, nursing instructors, and professional nurses, selected using simple random sampling from universities and tertiary hospitals in the Eastern region. Data were collected between March and June 2024 using four instruments: a Personal Information Form, the Nurse Cultural Competence Scale, the Cultural Health Values Questionnaire, and the Perceived Organizational Policies Regarding Cultural Care Questionnaire. Descriptive statistics and multiple regression analysis were employed to analyze the data. The results showed that most participants (94.13%) demonstrated a relatively high level of cultural competence. Five factors significantly predicted cultural competence: cultural health values, perceived organizational policies related to cultural care, participation in cultural care meetings/training, work experience, and ability to communicate in other languages, with cultural health values being the strongest predictor. Together, these factors explained 36% of the variance in cultural competence. Since cultural competency levels are relatively high, these should be reinforced and maintained. Additionally, nurse administrators and educators should emphasize cultural health values, develop clear organizational policies, and implement structured cultural care training to strengthen nurses’ ability to provide culturally responsive care to diverse client populations in the Eastern Economic Corridor.

Dear Editor: We read with interest the pilot study by Mejia et al. (2025) introducing the Tc-24 recombinant antigen ELISA for canine Chagas disease. The assay's reported sensitivity and specificity are encouraging, but we believe the broader implications of this tool require deeper scrutiny. Strain Diversity and Antigenic Conservation: while Tc-24 is described as highly conserved across T. cruzi lineages, field studies demonstrate that serologic test performance can vary substantially across discrete typing units (DTUs) (Truyens et al. 2021; Fontes et al. 2024). In Louisiana, for example, Dumonteil et al. (2020) reported differential reactivity in dogs infected with TcII and TcVI strains. It remains uncertain whether Tc-24 truly provides pan-DTU coverage in practice. We suggest future studies adopt geographically comparative validation cohorts to test the robustness of Tc-24 across the Americas. Serology versus Infection Status: the study acknowledges the limitation of relying solely on antibody detection, but the implications warrant further consideration. Seropositivity may reflect prior exposure rather than active infection, leading to potential overestimation of prevalence (Ascanio et al. 2024). Integration of dual-platform diagnostics—for example, Tc-24 ELISA combined with PCR or antigen detection—could better define infection dynamics. Without molecular confirmation, seroepidemiologic estimates risk misinforming surveillance and control strategies. Cross-Reactivity in Co-Endemic Settings: although the authors report minimal cross-reactivity with Leishmania in Texas, canine leishmaniasis is increasingly reported in North America (Rodrigues et al. 2022). Moreover, multiplex microsphere assays (Rodriguez et al. 2023) have shown that multi-antigen panels can better discriminate between infections in co-endemic areas. We recommend that Tc-24 ELISA be evaluated within multi-pathogen diagnostic frameworks, where its added diagnostic value can be measured relative to existing platforms. By situating Tc-24 within a diagnostic ecology framework—where tools are complementary rather than standalone—its translational value could be more fully appreciated. In summary, Mejia et al. (2025) provided important pilot data, but the next phase should emphasize cross-DTU validation, integration with molecular tools and deployment strategies within real-world surveillance systems. Only through this broader perspective can Tc-24 ELISA move from proof-of-concept towards meaningful impact in veterinary and zoonotic Chagas disease control. N.K.R. conceived and drafted the letter. C.N.G., K.L.S. and S.K.R. contributed to the writing, critical revision, and editing of the manuscript. All authors approved the final version. We thank Mejia et al. (2025) for their important contribution in developing the Tc-24 ELISA, which provides the foundation for our commentary. The authors have nothing to report. The authors declare no conflicts of interest. The authors have nothing to report. The authors have nothing to report. The peer review history for this article is available at https://doi.org/10.1002/vms3.70855.

For precision agriculture, resource optimization, and sustainable farm management, prompt and correct crop health assessment is vital. Conventional vegetation indexes like NDVI and EVI offer insightful observations, yet they usually fall short of portraying the whole spectrum of physiological and structural conditions seen in several crops and habitats. By means of Principal Component Analysis (PCA), this study introduces a novel Multi-Vegetation Health Index (MVHI) integrating five complementary spectral indices—NDVI, EVI, SAVI, GNDVI, and NDRE—to derive objective statistical weights. Thirteen scenes from June–December 2024 from Sentinel-2A surface reflectance imagery were preprocessed using cloud filtering, spatial point extraction, and temporal index computation at field sites in Mahalaxmikheda village, Maharashtra. MVHI was built from the first principal component, which accounted for 82.30% of total spectral variation, hence confirming great information compression and index strength. Accuracy assessment using one-way ANOVA shown significant discriminatory ability across independently defined crop health groupings (F = 211.50, p < 0.001), with a large effect size (η² = 0.522). Comparative ANOVA results demonstrated that MVHI offers a balanced alternative to highly sensitive individual indices such NDRE and GNDVI. Spatial mapping of MVHI revealed clear gradients of crop vigor and stress, hence supporting its applicability for field-scale monitoring and agronomic decision-making. MVHI turns out to be a trustworthy, data-driven and whole crop health indicator fit for operational remote sensing and scientific study purposes.