CCL Industries (United States)

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Aim: In the theme of quantitative LC-MS bioanalysis of oligonucleotides free of ion-pairing, a 22-mer RNA oligonucleotide took center stage. The focus was on a unique polar-based retention scheme to produce a high-recovery extraction presenting a high-performance alternative extraction means, also there was the opportunity to involve hydrophilic-interaction liquid chromatography and contemporary high-resolution MS as the end point. Results: Original LC-MS methodology was developed for the oligonucleotide and the performance was robust for both nominal and accurate mass detection, the latter affording 10× improvement in sensitivity and 4000-fold linear dynamic range, 500pM to 2000nM. Conclusion: A novel means of solid-phase extraction is exhibited within a robust pair-free methodology, reaching pM sensitivity with the demonstrably beneficial accurate mass platform.

Background: Many consider proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) to be devoid of adverse effects; however, PPIs can cause serious side effects. This case highlights a case where the patient kept getting PPIs and causing severe hyopnatremia leading to multiple hospitalizations. Case report: A 48 year old Caucasian male complaining of reflux and dysphagia was seen in clinic. The patient underwent an esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) and was found to have a stricture which was dilated as well as Grade D esophagitis. In view of the same, the patient was started on Pantoprazole 40mg orally twice a day. Patient was admitted to the hospital in five days following that with mental status changes due to severe hyponatremia. He was treated with fluid restriction and discharged after the sodium was better. He underwent an extensive workup for the hyponatremia which included CT scans of the head, chest and abdomen but no reason was found for the same. He was admitted with a sodium of 108 mmol/L during that admission and tt was thought that this sodium was related to primary polydipsia. The patient was discharged again on Pantoprazole and was readmitted to the ICU with a low sodium after a week with similar symptoms. He had multiple admissions in a course of two months without any specific cause being found. Finally his Pantoprazole was discontinued and patient did not have any more exarcebations with low sodium or hyponatremia. Conclusion: This case highlights this rare adverse drug reaction of proton pump inhibitors, but given its ubiquitous use is normally not thought of in the differential of hyponatremia. As our patient developed hyponatremia multiple times without considering this reason, this case highlights the importance of this adverse drug effect.

The major advantage of this procedure is that, as detailed in Figure 5, the entire sequence of an oligonucleotide is determined in less than 1 h using inexpensive reagents. DE MS, because of its significantly higher resolving power, permits analysis of oligonucleotides as long as 50 bases, about twice as long as that which is possible without DE. Phosphorothioates can be sequenced after oxidation to the phosphodiester state. We have also found that the enzymes will digest through a number of modifying and protecting groups on DNA and RNA, including 2'-amino- and 2'-alkyl-substituted hydroxy groups. The resultant spectra can confirm not only the presence, but also the position, of modifying groups on both DNA and RNA molecules.

A worldwide review of workover operations indicated extremely high costs associated with recovery of tubing stuck in settled mud solids. High density water-base or oil-base muds are not stable suspensions when left static in a well for a long time. High temperatures and/or contamination of these muds with the produced gas and oil destroys the initial suspension properties and allow mud solids and weighting materials to settle on top of the packer and around the tubing. Expensive washover and fishing operations are then performed. During the washover, more costly complications such as: twist off or stuck washover pipes, casing leaks, blowouts, formation damage, etc., could develop. When such complications occur many wells have to be plugged and abandoned. Most of these problems could be eliminated by utilizing solids-free packer fluids. Single salt and blends of high density brines have been tested to determine their corrosive nature. An inorganic corrosion inhibitor was developed and field tested. Laboratory and field data generated are presented along with the authors' conclusions. In the last few years, many deep, high temperature and high pressure wells in the Gulf of Mexico have been successfully completed with inhibited high density brines, which were also left as packermore » fluids. Some of these wells were worked over, tubing and packers were retrieved easily and no significant corrosion was observed.« less

ABSTRACT A new patented sour gas sweetening process was introduced to the gas processing industry in September 1984. This process consists of bubbling sour gas through a tower filled with a proprietary formulation, an alkaline aqueous solution of an anionic oxidizing agent. The toxic hydrogen sulfide is selectively removed from the sour gas and dissolved sulfides are converted to nonhazardous sulfur by the sweetening solution in the tower. The process is generally operated at ambient temperatures. The spent slurry from this batch process has been classified as a nonhazardous waste by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, fourteen state agencies, and the U.K. Department of Energy. The process was initially field tested at various locations in California in cooperation with major gas producers. More than 100 units are now operating in the United States and Canada. The hydrogen sulfide concentrations of sour gases treated with this process range from as low as 10 ppm to more than 20 percent; the operating pressures range between near atmospheric to greater than 1000 psig. The largest unit processes 16 MMscf/d sour gas using one tower at 1035 psig and the smallest unit handles 8 to 10 Mscf/d gas containing greater than 20 percent hydrogen sulfide. This paper presents: Detailed field data for over 100 operating unitsA description of the chemistry of the processComparative kinetic data on several hydrogen sulfide scavengers used in other batch processesDefines factors utilized in the design of improved towers used for this gas sweetening process based on the experience gained in the field.

During a carbon dioxide flood, the floodwater pH can drop significantly causing scaling problems. pH can drop significantly causing scaling problems. An evaluation was therefore made of the efficacy of five barium sulfate scale inhibitors and of their cost-performance as the system pH was incrementally lowered from 7.0 to 4.0. A theory is presented linking a scale inhibitor's effectiveness at low pH to its dissociation constant.Introduction. Historically, three types of recovery methods have been used in oil production; these are classified as primary, secondary, and tertiary or

The effects of neurotensin upon blood pressure in conscious rats were examined after intracerebroventricular (i.v.t.) or intravenous (i.v.) administration of this peptide. Whereas i.v. injected neurotensin (0.1-2.0 microgram/kg) was depressor, i.v.t. injected neurotensin (1 microgram and above) was pressor. Peripheral depressor responses could not be repeated in the same animal due to tachyphylaxis, but central pressor responses were repeatable without reduction in magnitude, showing that the two effects were separate entities. Thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH), which is reported to be a potent neurotensin antagonist, completely abolished the neurotensin depressor response, and attenuated the central pressor action. TRH did not alter the central pressor effect of another peptide, angiotensin II (AII). The potent AII receptor antagonist saralasin, while abolishing the central pressor effect of AII, was completely without effect upon the neurotensin-induced pressor response. These results indicate that i.v.t. injected neurotensin and AII stimulate a rise in blood pressure via different receptors. The alpha-adrenergic antagonists phentolamine, prazosin, or yohimbine (injected i.v.t.) involvement of the sympathetic nervous system in this response. These results are discussed in relation to the central pressor actions of other neuropeptides.

Software: Practice and ExperienceVolume 12, Issue 1 p. 98-99 Letters to the Editor Letters to the editor David Spector, David Spector Prime Computer, Inc.500 Old Connecticut Path Framingham, Massachusetts 01701 U.S.A.Search for more papers by this authorMartin Wakeman, Martin Wakeman 996 Warwick Road, Acocks Green, Birmingham, U.K.Search for more papers by this author David Spector, David Spector Prime Computer, Inc.500 Old Connecticut Path Framingham, Massachusetts 01701 U.S.A.Search for more papers by this authorMartin Wakeman, Martin Wakeman 996 Warwick Road, Acocks Green, Birmingham, U.K.Search for more papers by this author First published: January 1982 https://doi.org/10.1002/spe.4380120113AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat No abstract is available for this article. Volume12, Issue1January 1982Pages 98-99 RelatedInformation