CCm Technologies (United Kingdom)

We present a Monte Carlo-based simulation stack that provides time-of-flight (ToF)-resolved blood flow index (BFi) and has been validated against continuous-wave (CW) and time-resolved BFi measurements in both tissue-mimicking phantoms and in-vivo. Using this simulation, we evaluated the influence of key parameters including source-detector separation, ToF selection, and minimum resolvable lag on brain sensitivity by comparing simulated pulsatile blood flow signals from scalp and brain layers. We used these results to optimise the design of CoMind Research One (R1), a 16-channel interferometric time-of-flight-resolved optical neuromonitoring system that operates in real time and enables high-fidelity measurements of field autocorrelation at times-of-flight exceeding 1 ns. We validated this system and demonstrated its depth sensitivity using homogeneous and bi-layer dynamic tissue-mimicking phantoms. The advancements in optical throughput, depth selectivity, and robustness demonstrated by CoMind R1 pave the way for clinical translation and broader adoption of non-invasive optical measurements of cerebral blood flow.