CIDP Biotech (India)

Cellular agriculture is one of the evolving fields of translational biotechnology. The emerging science aims to improve the issues related to sustainable food products and food security, reduce greenhouse gas emissions and provide animal wellbeing by circumventing livestock farming through cell-based meat (CBM) production. CBM exploits cell culture techniques and biomanufacturing methods by manipulating mammalian, avian, and fish cell lines. The cell-based products ought to successfully meet the demand for nutritional protein products for human consumption and pet animals. However, substantial advancement and modification are required for manufacturing CBM and related products in terms of cost, palatability, consumer acceptance, and safety. In order to achieve high-quality CBM and its production with high yield, the molecular aspect needs a thorough inspection to achieve good laboratory practices for commercial production. The current review discusses various aspects of molecular biology involved in establishing cell lines, myogenesis, regulation, scaffold, and bioreactor-related approaches to achieve the target of CBM.

Distilled from the heartwood of Santalum album, Indian sandalwood oil is an essential oil that historically has been used as a natural active ingredient in cosmetics to condition and brighten the skin. It has been documented to exhibit antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-proliferative activities. Here, we investigated the protective and anti-aging effects of Indian sandalwood oil in scavenging reactive oxygen species (ROS) in HaCaT cells and in human skin explants after exposure to oxidative stress. Using a probe DCFH-DA, the antioxidant capacity of Indian sandalwood oil was monitored following exposure to blue light at 412 nm and 450 nm or cigarette smoke. The anti-aging effect of sandalwood oil was also explored in human skin explants via the assessment of collagenase level (MMP-1). We reported that Indian sandalwood oil possessed antioxidant potential that can scavenge the ROS generated by a free radical generating compound (AAPH). Subsequent exposure to environmental stressors revealed that Indian sandalwood oil possessed superior antioxidant activity in comparison to vitamin E (alpha tocopherol). Using human skin explants, this study demonstrated that Indian sandalwood oil can also inhibit the pollutant-induced level of MMP-1. The findings indicated that Indian sandalwood oil can potentially serve as a protective and anti-aging active ingredient in cosmetics and dermatology against environmental stressors.

The relationships between host immune factors and HIV-1 disease progression are still in dispute. The RANTES SNPs exhibit distinct ethnic distribution and are associated with different effects on the course of HIV infection. Therefore, impact of RANTES gene polymorphism on HIV-1 transmission and progression needs to be evaluated. The RANTES genotypes were identified by PCR-RFLP method and confirmed by sequencing in HIV-1 seronegative (HSN; n=315), HIV-1 exposed seronegative (HES; n=47) and HIV-1 seropositive (HSP; n=196) patients classified into different clinical stages (i.e. Stages I, II, III). Fisher exact test was used for statistical analysis and Arlequin software for haplotype analysis. RANTES allele -403G, -28C and In1.1 T were the predominant allele in the subject studied. HSP group have higher frequency of RANTES In1.1 T allele compared with HSN (91.32% vs. 86.19%; P=0.013) and HES (91.32% vs. 78.72%; P=0.001). Higher frequency of RANTES In1.1 C allele in Stage III was observed, compared with Stage I (14.28% vs. 6.39%) and was significantly associated with high risk (P=0.047, OR=2.439, C.I.=1.061-5.609). Haplotype II (ACT) was significantly higher in HSP compared with HSN (9.69% vs. 1.58%) and associated with high risk (P<0.001, OR=6.655, C.I.=2.443-18.132). There were no significant differences in RANTES -403 A/G and -28 C/G genotype and allele distribution in all the groups compared. Our results implicate that RANTES In1.1 T allele and haplotype II (ACT) may be a risk factor for HIV-1 transmission while RANTES In1.1 C allele may be risk factor for disease progression among North Indians.

Retrospective reviews of projects have been proposed as mechanisms for organizational learning, and there is the possibility that in a collective setting some of the cognitive limitations associated with individuals’ retrospections can be mitigated. In a qualitative analysis of retrospective reviews held in three design organizations, evidence emerged both of successes and failures in the extent to which reviews led to convincing explanations of events and remedies for future projects. The review processes showed that individuals could successfully correct errors in others’ beliefs and that in the organizational setting they were sensitive to hindsight bias. They also showed that simulation was an important mechanism by which remedies could be tested, and surrogate experiences added to the concrete experiences of the project under review. However, the information available to the participants often was not diagnostic, the participants’interpretation of events tended to be ahistorical, and their explanations were overly specific.