CU Shah Medical College and Hospital

Abstract Bismuth selenide (Bi 2 Se 3 ), a topological insulator, exhibits helicity‐preserving photoluminescence (PL) at optical wavelengths due to strong spin‐orbit coupling, which locks massless electrons and massive holes on the surface in chiral spin‐momentum textures. This unique light‐emitting property makes Bi 2 Se 3 a promising candidate for optoelectronic applications. However, its low PL efficiency and limited emission control hinder its full potential. In this study, 2D Bi 2 Se 3 crystals are synthesized via a simple chemical method, and a hybrid system integrating gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) are developed. This integration induces hybridization among Au‐5 d , Se‐4 p , and Bi‐6 p orbitals, introducing a new recombination pathway, as evidenced by both PL studies and first‐principles calculations. An enhancement in the PL intensity is observed in Au‐Bi 2 Se 3 hybrid samples compared to bare Bi 2 Se 3 , attributed to electron transfer from Au to Bi 2 Se 3 , as confirmed by Raman spectroscopy and density functional theory calculations. Systematic tuning of NP decoration enables the modulation of exciton‐plasmon coupling, leading to notable changes in the PL line shape of Bi 2 Se 3 . Additionally, an increased degree of circular polarization is observed in the hybrid system. These findings highlight the potential of Bi 2 Se 3 for next‐generation optoelectronic devices and tunable light‐emitting applications.

Decoding vitiligo: A review of demography, clinical features and associations at a tertiary care hospital in western Gujarat - IJCED- Print ISSN No: - 2581-4710 Online ISSN No:- 2581-4729 Article DOI No:- 10.18231/j.ijced.2025.036, IP Indian Journal of Clinical and Experimental Dermatology-IP Indian J Clin Exp Dermatol

Background: Around 10% of patients need a permanent pacemaker due to conduction issues in heart post-valvular interventions. The transvenous pacemaker has many complications compared to novel Leadless pacemaker(LPM) implantation. Objective: The main aim of this review is to compare the outcomes between conventional transvenous pacemakers and leadless pacemaker implantation after valvular intervention. Method: We conducted a comprehensive search of PubMed and ScienceDirect databases for relevant studies published between 2019 and 2024 using the keywords- pacemaker implantation and valvular intervention. Studies available in full text and in English language were included. After removing duplicates using the Rayyan tool, the remaining studies were screened and selected based on predefined inclusion criteria. Eligible studies included retrospective analyses of patients aged over 40 years, with indications for leadless pacemaker implantation such as atrial fibrillation, sick sinus syndrome, complete heart block, or complications following pacemaker implantation. Patients who had previously undergone implantations were excluded. We performed a qualitative synthesis of data to note the comparisons. Result: A total of 9 studies were included, comprising 10,776 patients, of whom 1121 underwent LPM implantation and 9655 received conventional transvenous pacemakers. Indications for LPM following valvular interventions included atrial fibrillation(n=24), complete heart block(n=20), bradycardia(n=26), high-degree atrioventricular (AV) block(n=30), and left bundle branch block(n=9). For conventional transvenous pacemakers, complete heart block(n=24) and high-degree AV block(n=7) were the primary indications. Compared to LPM, patients with conventional pacemakers reported more complications like pocket formation, pericardial effusion, pneumothorax, and infections, along with increased hospital stay duration. A few patients with LPM suffered from device-related complications like device dislodgement and device thrombus formation. Conclusion: The above findings suggest that while both the devices showed some device related risks, LPMs presented with fewer overall adverse outcomes, and thus, may be a safer alternative than conventional pacemakers. There is insufficient data on the use of LPM after valvular interventions. Further studies are required to fully assess the risks and benefits of LPM and their usage in patients of conduction abnormalities after valvular interventions.

Bladder cancer (BC) remains a significant global health concern, and its incidence is influenced by a wide array of factors, including geography, sex, and socioeconomic status. This systematic review evaluated the potential association between pioglitazone use and the risk of BC. We sought to determine whether pioglitazone, used in diabetes management, is associated with an increased risk of BC by reviewing recent studies. A comprehensive search was conducted in the PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases for relevant studies published between January 31, 2018 and July 31, 2024. From an initial pool of 212 articles, 176 were excluded due to failure to meet the inclusion criteria, 24 were removed for inadequate data or unclear conclusions, and six were eliminated due to inaccessibility. Ultimately, six eligible studies were included in the final review. Of the included studies, two suggested a potential association between pioglitazone use and an increased risk of BC, whereas four reported no statistically significant correlation. These mixed findings highlight the need for further research that accounts for confounding factors, such as treatment duration and patient demographics. This systematic review emphasizes the importance of cautious interpretation regarding the safety profile of pioglitazone in relation to BC risk.

Introduction Chronic urticaria is a transient cutaneous disorder that waxes and wanes swiftly but, due to its periodic episodes, declines the quality of life of the affected individuals. It is of two types: chronic spontaneous or idiopathic and chronic-induced urticaria. Urticaria can have many different causes, but one of the most common causes of chronic idiopathic urticaria (CIU) is autoimmune. Subcutaneous injection of histaglobulin has been used for a few decades to pacify various allergic reactions. We have been usinghistaglobulin injection for treatment and curtailment of chronic urticaria effectively for the last two years, in addition to oral antihistamines. Objective This study aims toanalyze the effect of treatment with injection of histaglobulin in patients of CIU from the data recorded in the Dermatology Outpatient Department (OPD) of C.U. Shah Medical College and Hospital, Surendranagar, Gujarat (CUSMC). Methods This is an observational retrospective review of patients with CIU treated with weekly histaglobulin injections coming to the Dermatology Department CUSMC from April 2022 to April 2024. The recorded data of 45 patients were assessed with more than six weeks of urticaria. Histglobulin injection was given subcutaneously near the deltoid region weekly for eight weeks.The Urticaria Activity Score (UAS) was recorded at each visit. A complete blood count (CBC) and serum immunoglobulin E (IgE) were done to rule out infection and allergic diathesis. The patient's history was taken to rule out other causes of urticaria. An oral non-sedative antihistaminic and soothing lotion (calamine lotion) was given to alleviate symptoms. Results Out of the 45 patients who underwent treatment with eight weekly injections, 28 completed therapy, 10 patients visited five to six times, and seven patients dropped treatment after two to three visits due to variable reasons. The UAS gradually decreased to lower levels after sequential injections of histaglobulin in all the patients who continued and completed the treatment protocol. Conclusion Our study shows a reduction of UASin patients taking weekly histaglobulin injections. Histoglobulin significantly benefited patients suffering from the distress associated with urticaria. They had reduced dependence on oral antihistamines, and the frequency of visits to the hospital diminished.

In India, NGOs are vital in addressing and resolving economic, social, and environmental problems. Competent leadership is essential for non-governmental organizations (NGOs) to accomplish their goals and have the most possible influence. The researchers in this study set out to look at how NGOs in Gujarat, India, handle leadership. Using a combination of quantitative and qualitative methodologies, the investigation was carried out using a mixed-methods approach. 150 NGO leaders completed the survey, and 20 top CEOs were interviewed extensively. According to the findings, transformational leadership, strategic thinking, and stakeholder involvement are the three most important leadership philosophies that help NGOs in Gujarat grow. Resource limitations, legal hurdles, and the necessity to develop competence are among the difficulties highlighted by research for non-governmental organizations (NGO) leaders. Scholars, politicians, and NGO practitioners may all benefit from the recommendations on the study's consequences for enhancing NGO leadership.

Anatomy is a vital discipline in the realm of Medicine, and its primary means of study is through the use of cadavers. Experts in the medical, legal, and ethical domains have discussed the use of cadavers or their anatomical parts for educational purposes, which are considered a severe drawback. The advantages of using cadavers include their contribution to medical education, research, the investigation of innovative surgical procedures or techniques, the detection of anatomical differences at an individual or population level, the enhancement of surgical skills, and the support of other anatomical investigations. This review highlights the issues like consent, respect for the deceased and cultural beliefs on cadaver procurement practices and also it emphasizes the need for better body donation initiatives and public awareness campaigns to ensure sustainable cadaver procurement practices, ensuring consent, respect for the deceased and cultural beliefs.