Caleb University

Abstract The climate crisis is increasingly contributing to a mental health crisis. Policy and practice inadequately account for the mental health costs of climate change and the mental health benefits of climate action. The climate and mental health field is expanding rapidly but unevenly. Connecting Climate Minds (CCM), a global initiative, aimed to develop a guiding vision to ensure investment in and implementation of future research aligns with lived experience needs and appropriately informs policies. CCM convened 1184 contributors with diverse expertise across 126 countries, through 21 online and in-person dialogues. Their insights produced a Global Research and Action Agenda for climate change and mental health. This paper outlines the 53 research priorities structured into four high-level themes (impacts, risks and vulnerable groups; pathways and mechanisms; mental health benefits and risks of climate action; mental health interventions). It also outlines how to implement research and translate evidence to action.

Nigeria’s federal character policy was designed to manage ethnic diversity and prevent domination by any single group in public institutions. Yet, persistent violations and elite manipulation have contributed to the ethnic concentration of power, fueling perceptions of marginalization and conflict. This paper examines whether the federal character principle genuinely manages diversity or inadvertently manufactures ethnic conflict. Using a qualitative methodology that combines documentary analysis with interviews, the study situates its findings within social identity, consociationalism, and horizontal inequality theories. The analysis reveals that systemic implementation weaknesses, patronage politics, and ethnic quota abuses have undermined equitable representation, deepened grievances, and eroded state legitimacy. The paper concludes with policy recommendations to strengthen legal enforcement, reinforce meritocracy, and ensure inclusive governance to prevent further destabilization in Nigeria’s fragile state.

Philosophy, often regarded as the progenitor of all sciences, serves as the bedrock upon which educational theories and practices are constructed. While endeavoring to elucidate profound enigmas of the universe, Philosophy provides the platform with which these enigmas are constructed and understood within the human society. It is against this backdrop that this chapter explores the intrinsic relationship between Philosophy and education. Employing expository, evaluative, and analytical methodologies, this chapter explains how an individual's educational Philosophy fundamentally reflects his/her beliefs regarding the essence of knowledge, reality, and existence. The discussion is divided into five distinct sections: (1) the definition and characteristics of Philosophy, (2) the conceptualization of education, (3) an examination of philosophical branches and their contributions to educational discourse, (4) the interdependence of education on philosophical foundations, and (5) a concluding synthesis. This structured analysis underscores the pivotal role of Philosophy in shaping and guiding educational paradigms.

This study examines the influence of gender on the adoption and application of parametric design tools in the Nigerian construction industry. As digital technologies become integral to contemporary architectural workflows, disparities in access and usage, particularly along gender lines, can affect innovation, design outcomes, and workplace equity. Using a structured questionnaire administered to 539 construction professionals, the research analyses differences in tool adoption, perceived precision, and design flexibility between male and female respondents. The findings indicate that, while both genders recognise the benefits of parametric tools, male professionals generally report higher confidence and stronger agreement regarding precision and iterative capabilities. Female respondents tended to be more neutral in their responses but indicated higher agreement on aspects of flexibility and workflow improvements when they had hands-on experience. These patterns suggest that gender-based differences are driven more by unequal exposure and role-based access than by capability. The paper concludes with recommendations for inclusive digital training, gender-aware mentorship programmes, and organisational policies to promote equitable participation in Nigeria’s digital construction landscape.

<title>Abstract</title> Network pharmacology is an emerging, cost-effective drug-development approach that uses systems biology and network theory to integrate data and reveal interactions between compounds and their biological targets. Diabetes mellitus is a widespread metabolic disease affecting millions worldwide, while traditional medicine represents knowledge of healing practices inherited across generations and indigenous communities. Allium cepa contains various nutraceutical compounds that give it notable antioxidant, antitumor, antidiabetic, and anti-inflammatory properties. Bioactive compounds of Allium cepa were identified using a phytochemical interactive database. Both the diabetic and bioactive compound target proteins were determined and screened for oral drug bioavailability potential with favorable pharmacokinetic properties. The target proteins underwent protein-protein interaction network analysis, and analyzed using molecular docking analysis. The interaction of kaempferol with PPARG, PPARA and GSK3B possesses − 8.5 kcal/mol, -8.1 kcal/mol, and − 8.0 kcal/mol, respectively. The results obtained showed that kaempferol identified with strong binding affinity with the selected diabetic target proteins and confirmed as the best bioactive compound with an overall interaction profile, antidiabetic property, and good oral drug likeness.

The advent of democratic rule in Nigeria’s political history, marked by the democratic transition that began in 1999 after the demise of the late General Sanni Abacha in 1998, necessitated regular electioneering and the conduct of elections at the national, state and local government levels. Since then, the country has continued to experience a decline in voter turnout in most elections, due to factors that dissuade the electorate from active participation. These include electoral violence and electoral fraud. The poor performance of elected political office holders across the local government areas has diminished voters’ confidence and trust, not only in elections but also in the outcomes of most elections conducted in the country. Clear examples can be seen in the 2007 general elections, the 2023 presidential election and the 2025 local government election in Lagos State. In light of this, the research study interrogates the rationale and the major precipitating factors contributing to the continued decline and low voter turnout in most elections conducted in Nigeria, with a specific focus on the 2025 local government election conducted in Lagos State. The theoretical framework for this research is hinged on elite theory. The study employs an analytical research design, which is strictly secondary in nature in terms of data collection. The findings reveal that there was a significant relationship between the perceived lack of competitiveness and APC dominance in Lagos politics and the low voter turnout recorded in the just-concluded 2025 Local Government election in Lagos.

Digital health innovations offer opportunities to strengthen healthcare systems, particularly in underserved areas. However, the experiences of healthcare professionals in rural Nigerian settings remain underexplored. Understanding their perspectives is essential to evaluating the effectiveness and sustainability of digital technologies in low-resource environments This study explored the lived experiences of healthcare professionals in rural Oyo State to identify the barriers and facilitators influencing digital health adoption. This qualitative descriptive study involved semi-structured interviews with 25 purposively sampled healthcare professionals across Iddo and Akinyele Local Government Areas in Oyo State, Nigeria. Interviews were conducted virtually and transcribed verbatim. Data collection continued until thematic saturation was reached. Transcripts were analysed using Braun and Clarke’s six-step framework, supported by NVivo software. Dual coding was performed to ensure analytical rigor, and COREQ guidelines were followed throughout the study. Seven key themes were identified: access to digital tools, infrastructural and technological challenges, community engagement, government and professional support, workplace dynamics, training and development, and workforce capacity. Barriers included unreliable electricity, poor internet connectivity, outdated technology, limited training, and staffing shortages. Facilitators involved NGO and government support, solar-powered equipment, increasing community acceptance, and access to localized training. Digital health implementation in rural Nigeria is shaped by infrastructural, social, and policy-related factors. Overcoming these barriers will require sustained infrastructure investment, capacity building, and multisectoral collaboration. The findings offer practical insights to inform policy, training, and technology integration strategies that are responsive to local contexts.

Abstract Background The purpose of this study is to analyze the impact of bacteria with biofertilizing potential from forest environment and water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) compost on plant growth parameters. Soil was collected from selected forests in (Etche, Ogbogoro and Choba) from various soil horizons (0–15, 15–30 and 30–45 cm) depth. Soils parameters (bacteria count and physicochemical properties) were analysed, afterwards soils from different depth were pooled together for further analysis. Soil samples from the three forests were equally mixed to form a single soil in the ratio of 1:1:1 and used to make five treatments as follow: only mixed soil (control), 2 kg of soil + 0.1 kg microbial inoculant (MI), 2 kg of soil + 0.1 kg Water Hyacinth Compost (WHC), 2 kg of soil + 0.1 kg MI + 0.1 kg WHC, and 2 kg of soil + 0.1 kg chemical fertilizer Nitrogen Phosphorus and Potassium (NPK: 20-10-10). The efficacy of the bacterial inoculant and WHC product, were tested on 3 different plants (Abelmoschus esculentus, Zea mays and Cucurbita pepo) in different experimental set up. Results Results of the microbial count ranged from 26.00 ± 4.50 x 108 to 100.66 ± 2.07x109 cfu/g for the Total Heterotrophic Bacteria (THB), Phosphate Solubilizing Bacteria (PSB) and Nitrogen Fixing Bacteria (NFB). Pseudomonas sp and Bacillus sp were the abundant PSM and NFB isolated from the soil. There was an overall increase in the growth of the plant species as indicated in their shoots, leaves area, total chlorophyll content, germination rate, height, yield and rate of nutrients absorption after 60 days of planting with the best performance recorded in the treatment with combination of MI + WHC. Also, the content of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and gibberellin A4 (GA4) in shoots and leaves of crops was higher in soil treated with combination of MI + WHC than other treatments. Conclusion These studies have shown that biofertilizer should be adopted in crop production to increase agricultural growth performance and reduce dependency on chemical fertilizers.

Abstract: This study examines the role of green roofs in urban air filtration, specifically their ability to mitigate airborne pollutants in Lagos, Nigeria. As urban air quality continues to decline due to rapid development, traffic congestion, and industrial emissions, nature-based solutions such as green roofs have gained attention for their environmental benefits. The research employs a quantitative approach, using structured closed-ended questionnaires administered to 196 ecological experts, architects, urban planners, and sustainability professionals. Cochran’s formula for an infinite population was used to determine the sample size, ensuring statistical significance at a 7% margin of error. Data were analyzed using advanced SPSS techniques, including descriptive statistics and inferential testing, aligned with three primary objectives: evaluating pollutant reduction, assessing the impact of plant diversity and roof design on filtration efficiency, and exploring the integration of green roofs into urban sustainability strategies. The findings show moderate agreement on the effectiveness of green roofs in reducing particulate matter and gaseous pollutants, with more substantial support for their role within broader environmental policy frameworks. The study concludes that while green roofs hold considerable promise for urban air management, their implementation in Lagos requires targeted policies, design standards, professional training, and public engagement to realize their potential fully.