Californians for Disability Rights

Life course theory has been used to explain why people stop committing crime and/or deviant behavior. Life course theory scholars have demonstrated important life events, such as marriage, gaining employment, or joining the military, have led to reduced recidivism; however, drug courts might also legitimately be considered a turning point for an offender. This study utilized semi-structured interviews with former drug court participants ( n = 29) in an attempt to expand life course theory and demonstrate how drug courts should be considered a facilitator of “turning points” for previous criminal offenders. During the interviews, participants discussed how drug court helped them attain many important skills/ideas: self-esteem, improved relationships with family and children, a general educational development certificate, a driver’s license, and/or gainful employment. A gendered analysis demonstrates women found drug court to be more useful at facilitating turning points than their male peers. Additionally, recidivism rates for the participants were lower than similarly situated offenders at the state level. While further research is needed, this study begins to advance the expansion of life course theory.

The city has been recycling wastewater since 1979 when it began providing tertiary treated wastewater for nonpotable use in the Griffith Park Area. Prior to that time, in the 1960s the city elected to invest in wastewater treatment upstream within its collection system network so that it could divert those wastewater flows to customers rather than expanding its terminus treatment capacity. Since then the city has expanded its recycled water program and currently produces and distributes approximately 19,350 acre-ft/year (afy). This water is used primarily for irrigation and serves city public parcels, as well as some private customers.