Catabasis Pharmaceuticals (United States)

The Gʻallaorol dialect belongs to the Kipchak branch of the Uzbek language. This dialect has its own specific phonetic features. In this article, some phonetic characteristics of the Gʻallaorol Kipchak dialect are discussed, including the wowel and consonant system, as well as phonetic processes specific to the dialect

The Khoytash dialect belongs to the Kipchak dialect of the Uzbek language. This dialect has its own phonetic features. This article provides information on some phonetic features of the Khoytash dialect, including the system of vowels and consonants, and phonetic processes specific to the dialect

Bioconjugation of therapeutic agents has been used as a selective drug delivery platform for many therapeutic areas. Bioconjugates are prepared by the covalent linkage of active compounds (small or large molecule) to a carrier molecule (lipids, proteins, peptides, carbohydrates, and polymers) through a chemical linker. The linkage of the active component to a carrier molecule enhances the therapeutic window through a targeted delivery and by reducing toxicity. Bioconjugates also possess improved pharmacokinetic properties such as a long half-life, increased stability, and cleavage by intracellular enzymes/environment. However, premature cleavage of the bioconjugates and the resulting metabolites/catabolites may produce undesirable toxic effects and, hence, it is critical to understand cleavage mechanisms, metabolism of bioconjugates, and translatability to human in the discovery stages. This article provides a comprehensive overview of linker cleavage pathways and catabolism/metabolism of antibody–drug conjugates, glycoconjugates, polymer–drug conjugates, lipid–drug conjugates, folate-targeted small molecule–drug conjugates, and drug–drug conjugates.