Central European Data Agency (Czechia)

Fibrostenosis of the small bowel is common in patients with Crohn's disease. No consensus recommendations on definition, diagnosis and management in clinical practice are currently available. In this Consensus Statement, we present a clinical practice RAND/UCLA appropriateness study on the definition, diagnosis and clinical management of fibrostenosing Crohn's disease. It was conducted by a panel of 28 global experts and one patient representative. Following a systematic literature review, 526 candidate items grouped into 136 questions were generated and subsequently evaluated for appropriateness. Strictures are best defined as wall thickening, luminal narrowing and prestenotic dilation. Cross-sectional imaging is required for accurate diagnosis of fibrostenosing Crohn's disease, and itis recommended before making treatment decisions. It should also assess the degree of inflammation in the bowel wall. Multiple options for medical anti-inflammatory, endoscopic and surgical therapies were suggested, including follow-up strategies following therapy. This Consensus Statement supports clinical practice through providing guidance on definitions, diagnosis and therapeutic management of patients with fibrostenosing small bowel Crohn's disease.

The information provided in the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC; http://ipcc.ch ) Assessment Reports (ARs) inform climate change policy development. Within the IPCC the scientific coordination of the ARs is conducted by three Working Groups (WGs) comprising of the Bureaus supported by their Technical Support Units (TSUs). Data management support is provided by the IPCC Data Distribution Centre (DDC; http://ipcc-data.org ), which is overseen by the Task Group on Data Support for Climate Change Assessments (TG-Data; formerly TGICA). The DDC is a federated structure that is currently managed by the Centre for Environmental Data Analysis (CEDA; http://www.ceda.ac.uk/ ), United Kingdom; the World Data Center for Climate (WDCC; http://www.wdc-climate.de ), Germany; and the Center for International Earth Science Information Network (CIESIN; http://www.ciesin.columbia.edu/ ) at Columbia University, U.S. For the IPCC Sixth Assessment cycle (AR6), analyses of climate simulations and observations published in scientific literature will be assessed. The reports will include figures and tables prepared from the underlying digital information. The DDC plays an increasingly important role in facilitating the exchange of data, as well as curating the assessed datasets, scripts and provenance records to facilitate the assessment process and to support the traceability of AR6 results through long-term continuity of data management and curation. These issues, among others, are addressed by the DDC support group ( https://cedadev.github.io/ipcc_ddc ) currently consisting of members from the three TSUs and the three DDC managers.

First public release of the ABC non-hydrostatic toy model for use in convective-scale data assimilation investigations. Source code for model and diagnostics.

Visual impairment limits a person mainly in ability to move freely and independently.Even with many navigation aids and tools currently on the market, almost one third of the visually impaired do not travel independently without a guide, and human-prepared landmark-enhanced itineraries of the route are the most useful.We designed a system which based on a specific efficiently collected geographical data generates human-like landmark-enhanced navigation instructions.The studies we conducted (quantitative n = 16, qualitative n = 6) proved usability and efficiency of the system.Further we provide set of design recommendations to increase the usability of the system along with specific examples of usage with particular landmarks.

The formation of 'gateway cities' -the connecting points between the East and the West -was one of the most strongly visible processes of the transformation of the post-communist countries in Central and Eastern Europe. The gateway cities emerged as the consequence of the newly established intensive interaction between the East and the West. This happened immediately after the relatively closed societies of Central and Eastern Europe opened their borders to globally expanding Western structures.

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