China Huadian Corporation (China)

ABSTRACT CO 2 mineralization of alkaline solid wastes enables permanent CO 2 sequestration and the production of cementitious materials. However, the inherently low reactivity of these wastes limits their practical application. This study systematically investigates the impact of CO 2 mineralization on steel slag's cementitious activity and develops targeted enhancement strategies. By constructing a comprehensive database integrating experimental and literature data, we employed XGBoost‐based machine learning to quantitatively evaluate reactivity‐limiting factors. Key findings reveal that while CO 2 mineralization minimally directly enhances reactivity, it critically improves slag stability and mitigates risks from trace elements. Subsequent thermodynamic and kinetic studies identified mechanochemical milling and aluminate incorporation as effective methods for boosting slag reactivity. To improve slag performance, we recommend optimizing particle size to ≤ 20 µm, applying magnetic separation to limit iron content to ≤ 30 wt%, and integrating mechanochemical milling for enhanced activation.

The automotive industry is currently undergoing a profound transformation, with sustainability emerging as a core tenet of this evolution [...]

The transformation of the energy structure continues to deepen, with the role of thermal power progressively evolving from a primary power source to a flexible regulating source. This shift imposes higher standards for its operational safety, economy, and flexibility. The traditional monitoring panel model relies heavily on the experience of operators and commonly faces prominent challenges such as heavy monitoring workload, delayed warning responses, and one-sided analysis and decision-making. This paper focuses on the pathway for empowering the intelligent upgrade of thermal power plant monitoring panel systems through big data technology. It begins by analyzing the limitations of traditional monitoring and the characteristics of plant data in the big data context. Subsequently, it constructs a four-layer overall architecture encompassing "data collection, computation & storage, intelligent analysis, and application". The paper then provides an in-depth interpretation of core technologies, including real-time data stream processing, massive historical data mining, predictive equipment health management, and operational optimization with intelligent decision-making. Finally, it prospects the system's application potential in areas like proactive early warning, collaborative optimization, and adaptive control, while discussing the associated challenges and development trends. The research indicates that the intelligent monitoring panel system serves as the core vehicle for the digital and intelligent transformation of thermal power plants, playing a pivotal supporting role in enhancing plant operational efficiency and market competitiveness.

This study develops a two-dimensional numerical model to investigate the hydrodynamic performance of a floating breakwater coupled with flexible wave-dissipating structures (FWDS). The model integrates the immersed boundary method with a finite element structural solver, enabling accurate simulation of fluid–structure interactions under wave excitation. Validation against benchmark cases, including cantilever beam deflection and flexible vegetation under waves, confirms the model’s reliability. Parametric analyses were conducted to examine the influence of the elastic modulus and height of the FWDS on wave attenuation efficiency. Results show that structural flexibility plays a crucial role in modifying wave reflection, transmission, and dissipation characteristics. A lower elastic modulus enhances energy dissipation through large deformation and vortex generation, while higher stiffness promotes reflection with reduced dissipation. Increasing the height of the FWDS improves overall wave attenuation but exhibits diminishing returns for long-period waves. The findings highlight that optimized flexibility and geometry can effectively enhance the energy-dissipating capacity of floating breakwaters. This study provides a theoretical basis for the design and optimization of hybrid floating breakwaters integrating flexible elements for coastal and offshore wave energy mitigation.