Chinese People's Liberation Army Navy Hospital of Guangzhou

Al-Bi-Ga alloy is a good sacrificial anode material, but research on its electrochemical performance in seawater, freshwater, and soil is limited. This article focuses on Al-Bi-Ga-Pb-In and Al-Bi-Ga-Sn-In alloys. The working potential, current efficiency, and corrosion morphology of aluminum alloys under constant current conditions were studied through electrochemical performance testing, microstructure observation, and composition detection. The influence of alloy elements (Bi, Ga, Pb) on the electrochemical performance of aluminum alloys was analyzed. The results indicate that the dissolution morphology of Al-Bi-Ga-Sn-In is better than that of Al-Bi-Ga-Pb-In, and the distribution of Bi element in Al-Bi-Ga-Sn-In is more extensive. The destruction of the oxide film on the surface of aluminum alloy is more uniform, exhibiting better dissolution morphology; As the Bi content increases, the corrosion rate shows a trend of first increasing, then decreasing, and then increasing. The current efficiency first decreases and then increases, usually stopping and rebounding around 4.5%; Ga can increase the corrosion rate and reduce the surface impedance value; When the Ga content is greater than 0.10%, the corrosion rate significantly increases; As the Ga content increases, the current efficiency first decreases and then increases, then stops decreasing and rebounds around 0.2%.

The space plug-and-play avionics (SPA) technology can meet the requirements of rapid development of micro satellites, and has become a hot research topic in space technology at present. The SPA system as a whole is a set of interface-driven standards, and the interface standards play a key role in the SPA architecture. This article comprehensively sorts out SPA interface standards. Firstly, the development status of SPA technology is introduced; secondly, the SPA interface model adapted to different device types is analyzed, and the functions of the main interface standards are introduced in detail, such as I2C-based SPA-1, USB-based SPA-U, SpaceWire-based SPA-S, and SPA-O based on optical network; finally, the typical applications of the SPA interface standards are analyzed.

BackgroundRetinal vein occlusion (RVO) is a common retinal venous disorder that causes vision loss. No specific therapy has been developed. Controversy exists regarding two treatments: intravitreal dexamethasone implants and anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). The goal of this study is to compare the effectiveness and safety of dexamethasone implants and anti-VEGF treatment for RVO.MethodsThe PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases were searched for studies comparing dexamethasone implants with anti-VEGF in patients with RVO. Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), central subfield thickness (CST), intraocular pressure changes, conjunctival haemorrhage, reduced VA, and macular oedema were extracted from the final included studies. RevMan 5.3 was used to conduct the quantitative analysis and bias assessment.ResultsFour randomised controlled trials assessing 969 eyes were included. The anti-VEGF treatment showed better BCVA improvement (mean difference [MD] = − 10.59, P < 0.00001) and more CST decrease (MD = − 86.71 μm, P = 0.02) than the dexamethasone implants. However, the dexamethasone implants required fewer injections. As for adverse effects, the dexamethasone implants showed significantly higher intraocular pressure (IOP) and more cataracts than the anti-VEGF treatment. No significant differences were found in conjunctival haemorrhage, reduced VA, and macular oedema.ConclusionsAnti-VEGF treatment showed better functional and anatomical improvement with less risk of IOP elevation and cataract formation compared to dexamethasone implants. Thus, anti-VEGF treatment is the first choice for treating RVO patients.

BackgroundThe optimal therapy for infections caused by Stenotrophomonas maltophilia (S. maltophilia) has not yet been established. The objective of our study was to evaluate the efficacy of trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (SXT), minocycline, tigecycline, moxifloxacin, levofloxacin, ticarcillin-clavulanate, polymyxin E, chloramphenicol, and ceftazidime against clinical isolated S. maltophilia strains by susceptibility testing and carried out time-kill experiments in potential antimicrobials.MethodsThe agar dilution method was used to test susceptibility of nine candidate antimicrobials, and time-killing experiments were carried out to evaluate the efficacy of SXT, minocycline, tigecycline, moxifloxacin, levofloxacin, and ceftazidime both alone and in combinations at clinically relevant antimicrobial concentrations.ResultsThe susceptibility to SXT, minocycline, tigecycline, moxifloxacin, levofloxacin, ticarcillin-clavulanate, chloramphenicol, polymyxin E, and ceftazidime were 93.8%, 95.0%, 83.8%, 80.0%, 76.3%, 76.3%, 37.5%, 22.5%, and 20.0% against 80 clinical consecutively isolated strains, respectively. Minocycline and tigecycline showed consistent active against 22 SXT-resistant strains. However, resistance rates were high in the remaining antimicrobial agents against SXT-resistant strains. In time-kill experiments, there were no synergisms in most drug combinations in time-kill experiments. SXT plus moxifloxacin displayed synergism when strains with low moxifloxacin MICs. Moxifloxacin plus Minocycline and moxifloxacin plus tigecycline displayed synergism in few strains. No antagonisms were found in these combinations. Overall, compared with single drug, the drug combinations demonstrated lower bacterial concentrations. Some combinations showed bactericidal activity.ConclusionsIn S. maltophilia infections, susceptibility testing suggests that minocycline and SXT may be considered first-line therapeutic choices while tigecycline, moxifloxacin, levofloxacin, and ticarcillin-clavulanate may serve as second-line choices. Ceftazidime, colistin, and chloramphenicol show poor active against S. maltophilia. However, monotherapy is inadequate in infection management, especially in case of immunocompromised patients. Combination therapy, especially SXT plus moxifloxacin, may benefit than monotherapy in inhibiting or killing S. maltophilia.

In order to make the target's motion model more reasonably so as to improve detection probability of subsequent search action, according to different situations about whether target takes countermeasure or not, the target's motion can divide into three kinds, no countermeasure, countermeasure and uncertain information. Secondly, the forecast method of target's future position distribution based on three motions is explained respectively. Then, the motion model is proved validity by using simulation at last. This method will be worthful for the search tactics study to a certain extent.

This paper provides a unified approach for achieving and analyzing global synchronization of a class of master-slave coupled multiscroll chaotic systems under linear state-error feedback control. A general mathematical model for such a class of multiscroll chaotic systems is first established. Based on some special properties of such systems, two less-conservative frequency-domain criteria for the desirable global synchronization are rigorously proven by means of the absolute stability theory. The analysis is then applied to two master-slave coupled modified Chua's circuits, obtaining the corresponding simple and precise algebraic criteria for global synchronization, which are finally verified by numerical simulations.

We present a tumour cell growth process model including a multiplicativecoloured noise and an additive coloured noise correlated. How the noisecross-correlation intensity λ and correlation time τ canaffect the steady state properties of tumour cell growth model arediscussed by solving an approximative Fokker–Planck equation. It isfound that the increase of noise correlation time τ can cause thetumour cell number increasing, but the increase of multiplicative noiseintensity can cause the tumour cell number extinction. We also find thatthe increase of cross-correlation intensity λ in the case of 0<λ<1 can cause the tumour cell number extinction, whereasincrease of cross-correlation intensity λ in the case ofλ<0 can cause the tumour cell number increasing.