DAV University

A key factor in increasing the efficiency of perovskite solar cell (PCSs) is optimizing the thickness of the absorber and the operating temperature. In order to examine the impact of these factors, a planar n-i-p PSCs with the configuration FTO/α-Fe 2 O 3 /MAPbI 3 /Spiro-OMeTAD/Au was simulated using SCAPS-1D. The results indicate that the charge carrier generation and transportation are strongly governed by the thickness of MAPbI3 absorber layer. When tune to 600 nm thickness, the device has a Jsc of 22.1 mA/cm 2 , an Voc of 1.06 V, a FF of 77.4 %, and an overall PCE of 18.3 %. When layers are too thin (<300 nm), they limit the photon absorption, which lower the Jsc. When layers are too thick (>800nm), they cause recombination losses that lower the FF. Variation in the temperature also affect how well the device works in different temperature conditions. For example, raising form 300 K to 350 K lowers the Voc and PCE because of non-radiative recombination happens more often. These finding highlight that careful control of absorber thickness coupled with thermal stability of the α-Fe2O3 ETL is crucial for achieving stable and high-efficiency PSCs.

ABSTRACT Diagnosis as the initial step in medical practice is one of the most significant aspects of complex clinical decision making which is convoyed by some degree of uncertainty and perplexity. With massive volumes of medical data being collected, there is an urgent need to proficiently use this healthcare data throughout the globe. Among several computational conventions, fuzzy logic conveys an appealing way to control the imprecision and uncertainty in medical data. This article includes a systematic literature review for the investigation of fuzzy logic processes utilized in a variety of medical applications which has recently been published in highly reputed journals. Using PRISMA guidelines, a total of 25 studies selected from an initial pool of 340 recognized records. This review article discusses the role of fuzzy systems in the diagnosis of a variety of diseases including breast cancer, diabetes disease, cardiovascular disease, skin cancer, coronary artery disease, brain and tumor detection, chronic liver disease, fibrosis disease, brain disease, pulmonary and asthmatic disease, diabetes mellitus, musculoskeletal disorders, hypovolaemia disease, pancreatic cancer detection, thyroid, thalassemia disease, etc. Overall, this systematic review provides a suitable foundation for future study by highlighting research requirements in the field of disease diagnostics.

Gastrochilus calceolaris (Buch.-Ham. ex Sm.) D.Don, commonly known as the shoe-shaped belly-lip orchid, is a rare monopodial epiphytic orchid of high medicinal value. The present study provides the first integrated morpho-anatomical and metabolic profiling of this critically endangered species. Morphological and anatomical observations revealed distinct xerophytic adaptations, including a thick cuticle, well-developed velamen and prominent vascular bundles, which enable drought tolerance. Preliminary phytochemical screening of the methanolic leaf extract confirmed the presence of diverse secondary metabolites, including alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins and phenols. Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) identified 43 phytoconstituents, of which major compounds such as 3-Heptyn-1-ol and 3-heptyn-1-ol are known for their antioxidant, antifungal and anti-inflammatory activities. These findings highlight the pharmacological and conservation significance of G. calceolaris, providing a baseline for future bioprospecting and in vitro conservation strategies.