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The New World species of the genus Ceratoculicoides Wirth & Ratanaworabhan are described, illustrated and keyed in both sexes. Ceratoculicoides borkenti sp. nov., C. confusus sp. nov., C. grogani sp. nov., C. pacificus sp. nov. and C. propinquus sp. nov. are described, with C. confusus being the first record of the genus from South America (Colombia). Ceratoculicoides blantoni is a junior synonym of C. virginianus and the identity of C. longipennis remains unclear as the male morphospecies associated in taxonomic literature with the female type series is not conspecific. A morphological phylogeny of all extant species in the genus is presented and characters discussed. The moravicus species group is recognized for a clade of species with the lateral margins of the aedeagus straight or concave.

This article examines legal provisions and remedies for illicitly trafficked pre-Columbian antiquities, focusing on Mexico and the United States of America (USA), to determine gaps and areas for improvement. These two countries provide an interesting contrast, as they are contiguous neighbours but have different legal systems and approaches to the protection of cultural property. Nonetheless, Mexico and the USA have a history of fruitful cooperation in the recovery and return of pre-Columbian cultural objects under both domestic and international frameworks, such as bilateral agreements and cultural heritage conventions. In particular, as a country that accounts for nearly half of all global art market transactions, the USA is uniquely placed to act as a gatekeeper for pre-Columbian antiquities and serve as an example for the effective protection of foreign cultural property seized within its borders. However, while the examination of Mexico and the USA provides a useful case study, the illicit traffic of these objects should not be viewed in isolation or characterized as solely a regional problem. Globalization and the international nature of the art market require a more expansive view of the subject, while still taking countries’ legal and cultural specificities into account. A balanced and holistic approach will help increase the effectiveness of both national and international remedies; this will improve the legitimate market as a whole and curb illicit trafficking. By tackling the problem at both ends of the supply chain and increasing visibility, the possibilities of success shall rise.

Earth and Space Science Open Archive PosterOpen AccessYou are viewing the latest version by default [v1]Constraining the Uplift of the Southeastern Sierra Nevada, CA using Multi-Mineral Detrital Thermochronology from Active CatchmentsAuthorsJacquelineGibliniDKipHodgesiDKerryGallagheriDAlexandraHorneSee all authors Jacqueline GibliniDCorresponding Author• Submitting AuthorArizona State UniversityiDhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-4387-9548view email addressThe email was not providedcopy email addressKip HodgesiDArizona State UniversityiDhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-2805-8899view email addressThe email was not providedcopy email addressKerry GallagheriDUniversity of RennesiDhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-8124-6242view email addressThe email was not providedcopy email addressAlexandra HorneADM Associates, Inc.view email addressThe email was not providedcopy email address

Christansen et al. (2020) have raised concerns over the validity of the data and interpretation in our study of the exhumed hydrocarbon traps of East Greenland. Furthermore, they have put forward a model which they suggest that better suits their data. However, this markedly contradicts the data we presented.<br/><br/>The concerns raised by Christansen et al. (2020) centre around a number of key points:<br/><br/> Acknowlegement of the history of previous debate around these structures<br/> It is suggested that pyrobitumen is only minor in occurrence and much of this material is, in fact, iron oxides<br/> The distribution of pyrobitumen that we document is disputed in favour of irregular distribution as would fit their model<br/> The requirement for a detailed diagenetic study<br/> The maturity of potential source rocks.<br/><br/>A model is then presented which is suggested to best suit the available data. Each of these points is discussed, in turn, in this reply.<br/>

We describe the anaesthetic management of 2 years old Craniopagus twins for cerebral angiogram &embolization. Anesthetic management for Craniopagus twins is associated with unique concerns of crosscirculation, difficulty in mask ventilation, difficult access to airway and intubation due to angle betweenthe heads.Adequate preparation and teamwork is the keystone to the management of these patients. JBSA 2019; 32(1): 35-37

<div class="section abstract"><div class="htmlview paragraph">Observations made during forensic automotive crash investigations have identified instances of non-zero, post-crash speedometer readings and created questions as to the validity of the indicated speed relative to the vehicle speed at impact. Previously published work has addressed many issues related to the reliability of non-zero, post-crash speedometer readings identified in vehicles as well as motorcycles. Much of this work established criteria that related the reliability of the post-crash needle position to the design of the stepper motor that controls the needle. Part of this criteria is related to the static torque associated with the speedometer needle shaft rotation due to outside (crash) forces. The published criteria were evaluated in staged crash tests which investigated the ability to maintain needle position under longitudinal and lateral forces after an electrical power loss. In an effort to extend the science, this paper compares non-zero, post-crash speedometer readings with event data recorder (EDR) data from twenty-one real-world crashes where both non-zero, post-crash speedometer readings and EDR data were available. Results from this study suggest a positive correlation between non-zero speedometer readings and vehicles experiencing both an electrical power loss and a single impact. However, this study also shows a negative correlation between non-zero speedometer readings and vehicles experiencing an electrical power loss and multiple impacts. Eighteen of the twenty-one vehicles had valid pre-crash EDR speeds. Of those eighteen vehicles, the speedometer position and EDR speed were within ±15% for fourteen of the vehicles. The current study also demonstrates that non-zero tachometer readings do not always improve confidence levels of non-zero speedometer readings. While the post-crash needle position may provide a good estimate of the travel speed of the vehicle at the time of power loss, there are numerous other factors which must be considered prior to accepting these readings.</div></div>

The timing of lake ice-out has advanced substantially in many regions of the Northern Hemisphere, however the effects of ice-out timing on lake properties and how they vary regionally remain unclear. Using data from two inter-annual monitoring datasets for a set of three Arctic lakes and one boreal lake, we compared physical, chemical and phytoplankton metrics from two years in which ice-out timing differed by at least three weeks. Our results revealed regional differences in lake responses during early compared to late ice-out years. With earlier ice-out, Arctic lakes had deeper mixing depths and the boreal lake had a shallower mixing depth, suggesting differing patterns in the influence of the timing of ice-out on the length of spring turnover. Differences in nutrient concentrations and dissolved organic carbon between regions and ice-out years were likely driven by changes in precipitation and permafrost thaw. Algal biomass was similar across ice-out years, while cell densities of key Cyclotella sensu lato taxa were strongly linked to thermal structure changes in the Arctic lakes. Our research provides evidence that Arctic and boreal regions differ in lake response in early and late ice-out years, however ultimately a combination of important climate factors such as solar insolation, air temperature, precipitation, and, in the Arctic, permafrost thaw, are key drivers of the observed responses.

Alopecia is a common presenting complaint in veterinary medicine and is known to occur secondary to numerous primary conditions. In this report, six unrelated dogs from three households were subsequently determined to have developed alopecia as a result of accidental transdermal exposure to their owners' topical hormone replacement therapy (THRT). All cases presented with alopecia ranging in duration from 2 mo to 2.5 yr. All dogs demonstrated alopecia affecting the ventral neck, thoracic and abdominal surfaces, proximal lateral extremities, and lateral trunk. At the time of initial presentation, five of six dogs were also noted to have physical exam findings suggestive of feminization. In all cases, serum total thyroxine was within normal reference range. Affected skin was biopsied in five dogs, and all samples demonstrated four similar histological characteristics: basal melanosis, epidermal and infundibular follicular hyperkeratosis, kenogen hair follicles, and small sebaceous glands. All dogs had elevated baseline estradiol levels, and four dogs had concurrent elevations of baseline progesterone. Average time to onset of clinical signs in those dogs was 5.5 mo after the owners started THRT. Following discontinuation of THRT by the owners, all dogs had complete resolution of their clinical signs by 5.5 mo.