DNA Diagnostic (Denmark)

Large colon volvulus is a common, life-threatening cause of colic in horses. Gastrointestinal neoplasia is rare, especially in young horses, but it may contribute to acute abdominal pain. A 1-year-old Standardbred colt presented with acute colic unres

Objective This study aims to assess the rate of COVID-19 infection and IgG seroprevalence of SARS-COV-2 among diabetic and nondiabetic subjects. This evaluation provides insight into how diabetic subjects respond to the COVID-19 pandemic, shedding light on the strength and duration of their immune responses following vaccination. Materials and Methods This cross-sectional study included 90 volunteers (45 DM and 45 NDM subjects) from BIHS General Hospital, who have received at least one dose of COVID-19 vaccine. SARS CoV- 2 IgG antibody level was determined using ELISA. Data were analyzed using SPSS Version 26. Results and Discussion The SARS-CoV-2 IgG level was observed in both DM and NDM groups (14.48±11.6 and 14.31±11.45 BAU/mL) (BAU×104), with a gradual rise in antibody level by an increasing number of COVID-19 vaccine doses. No significant difference in respect to SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibody level was found between DM and NDM subjects (p=0.949). The rate of COVID-19 infection was found significantly higher in the non-diabetic group compared to the diabetic group (p=0.001). Among the BMI groups, a significantly higher level of IgG antibody was demonstrated among the obese population compared to normal and overweight groups (p=0.037). Conclusions Vaccination induced pronounced SARS-CoV-2 IgG response having no statistical difference in diabetic and non-diabetic groups. Heterogeneity in immune responses has been observed in both populations. The obese subjects had notably raised IgG levels. The incidence of COVID-19 infection was more higher in the nondiabetic compared to the diabetic group. BJMS, Vol. 24 No. 03 July’25 Page : 858-865

Background. Mucopolysaccharidosis type I (MPS I) is a disease known for over 100 years. Implementation of new management approaches for MPS I requires from doctor to clearly differentiate subtypes of this disease for the effective and rational use of treatment methods. Clinical case description. Girl B. with early MPS I onset during the neonatal period. Symptoms of musculoskeletal system damage were the following: feet adduction and hip joints dysplasia. Further follow-up at the age of 6 months has shown linear growth retardation, umbilical hernia, and exudative otitis. Psychomotor development up to 1 year of age was delayed. Coarse facial features by the age 1.5 years along with orthopedic problems, exudative otitis, and umbilical hernia led to mucopolysaccharidosis diagnosis. The diagnosis of mucopolysaccharidosis type I was established according to clinical findings, enzyme diagnostics (significant decrease in lysosomal enzyme alpha-L-iduronidase activity — 0.26 μmol/l/h; reference values from 1.96), and molecular genetic testing (pathogenic variant c.208C>T (Gln70Ter) in exon 2 and nucleotide variant of unknown clinical value c.1524G>C (p.Glu508Asp) in exon 10 of IDUA gene in compound heterozygous state). Echocardiography has revealed structural changes in the mitral valve and minimal aortic insufficiency. Abdominal ultrasound has revealed signs of hepatomegaly, hydrocalycosis, right-side pyelectasia, kidneys’ sizes lesser than the age norms. Abdominal magnetic resonance imaging has shown simple kidney cysts. Conclusion. The major feature of this clinical case is the complexity of differential diagnosis between the severe form of MPS I, Hurler syndrome, and milder form, Hurler–Scheie syndrome. Molecular genetic testing has revealed the presence of the frequent pathogenic variant c.208C>T (Gln70Ter) in the IDUA gene associated with severe disease course and nucleotide variant c.1524G>C (p.Glu508Asp) with undefined clinical significance, thus, additional examination is necessary. Functional analysis of the novel variant is required to establish its role in protein function. It will help more precisely determine the disease form and predict its severity. Combination of MPS I and polycystic kidney disease in the proband is unique case.

Accurate diagnosis and staging are crucial for the management of patients with hepatobiliary malignancies. Here, we investigated the efficacy of Al 18 F-NOTA-FAPI-74 PET/CT in detecting hepatobiliary malignancies and compared the results with 18 F-FDG PET/CT. Participants with hepatobiliary malignancies were prospectively enrolled and underwent paired Al 18 F-NOTA-FAPI-74 and 18 F-FDG PET/CT from April 2023 to March 2024. Histopathology and/or follow-up imaging served as the reference standard. The SUVmax of the primary and metastatic lesions between Al 18 F-NOTA-FAPI-74 and 18 F-FDG PET/CT were compared using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test. The association between Al 18 F-NOTA-FAPI-74 uptake intensity and immunohistochemical FAP expression was analyzed with Spearman r correlation. Our cohort comprised of 28 patients with hepatobiliary malignancies, including 12 with hepatocellular carcinoma, 13 with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC), 2 with perihilar cholangiocarcinoma, and 1 with gallbladder carcinoma. Of these 28 patients, 13 underwent PET/CT for initial staging and 15 for restaging. Al 18 F-NOTA-FAPI-74 PET/CT showed higher sensitivity than 18 F-FDG PET/CT for detecting primary tumors [100% (13/13) vs 92.3% (12/13)], lymph node metastases [79.2% (42/53) vs 54.7% (29/53)], and bone and visceral metastases [97.6% (164/168) vs 69.0% (116/168)]. Al 18 F-NOTA-FAPI-74 PET/CT findings led to upstaging or restaging in 6 of 28 patients compared with the 18 F-FDG PET/CT-based stage. In addition, Al 18 F-NOTA-FAPI-74 PET/CT detected tumor-related obstructive inflammation in 7 patients, while 18 F-FDG PET/CT detected it in only 1 patient (25% vs 3.6%). All these 7 patients suffered from cholangiocarcinomas, including 5 with ICC and 2 with perihilar cholangiocarcinomas. The SUVmax of obstructive inflammation on Al 18 F-NOTA-FAPI-74 PET/CT was significantly lower than that of tumor (median SUVmax, 4.0 vs 8.8; P = 0.008). A positive correlation was found between FAPI uptake and FAP expression ( r = 0.730, P = 0.04). In patients with hepatobiliary malignancies, Al 18 F-NOTA-FAPI-74 PET/CT outperformed 18 F-FDG PET/CT in detecting primary tumors and metastatic lesions, resulting in more accurate staging or restaging. In addition, Al 18 F-NOTA-FAPI-74 PET/CT showed good detection efficacy for tumor-related obstructive inflammation, which was only found in cholangiocarcinoma, thus rendering Al 18 F-NOTA-FAPI-74 the potential to differentiate ICC from hepatocellular carcinoma.

Fecal samples were obtained from cats rescued in various areas of Japan and examined to determine the presence of parvovirus (PV) genes. Feline panleukopenia virus (FPV), feline bocavirus(FBoV) types 1, 2, and 3, and feline chaphamaparvovirus were detected, whereas canine parvovirus and feline bufavirus were not. Regarding FPV, FBoV-1, and FBoV-2, the number of positivecases was significantly greater in cats with diarrhea symptoms than in those without. Among the positive cases, cats aged 1 to 2 months exhibited a significantly higher rate of diarrheasymptoms than those over 3 months old. These findings indicate that infection with novel PVs is associated with the development of diarrhea symptoms in kittens that are 1 to 2 monthsold.

To analyse the intrahospital and global dissemination and resistome dynamics of the concerning NDM-1 MBL-producing ST773 P. aeruginosa high-risk clone. A total of 17 NDM-1-producing P. aeruginosa isolates recovered in 2022-24 from 10 patients at Hospital Clinic of Barcelona (HCB), Spain, were studied through susceptibility testing and WGS. Expression of resistance genes was analysed through quantitative (real-time) RT-PCR. Forty ST773 genomes from isolates recovered worldwide were also incorporated in the phylogenetic and resistome analysis. All HCB NDM-1-producing isolates were assigned to ST773 except one (ST357 additionally producing VEB-9 and linked epidemiologically to India). The index ST773 case was a 41-year-old woman admitted to the oncology ward in February 2022 after breast cancer surgery in Ukraine. These isolates were closely related and the bla NDM-1 gene was located in the same 117 kb integrative conjugative element. All ST773-NDM-1 producers from HCB and the 40 worldwide isolates shared the same acquired resistance determinants [aadA11-like, rmtB4, qnrVC1 and tet(G)], as well as some of the antibiotic resistance mutations (mexZ, mexT, gyrA and parC). Other specific mutations such as an oprD deletion were shared only with isolates from Ukrainian patients transferred to Madrid or the Netherlands. Lastly, HCB isolates evolved further resistome mutations during intrahospital dissemination, including regulators of AmpC (mpl) and MexAB-OprM (nalD), linked to the acquisition of aztreonam/avibactam resistance, and thus remaining only susceptible to cefiderocol and colistin. This work evidences the transborder spread and intrahospital dissemination and evolution of the emerging ST773-NDM-1 P. aeruginosa high-risk clone.

Abstract Vimentin is a type III intermediate filament (IF) protein, that is induced in a large number of solid tumours. A single cysteine at position 328 in vimentin plays a crucial role in assembly, organisation and stability of IFs. However, its exact function during epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) and cancer progression has not been investigated. To investigate this, we have transduced wildtype (WT) and C328S vimentin separately in MCF-7 cells that lack endogenous vimentin. The expression of C328-VIM impacted vimentin-actin interactions and induced EMT-like features that include enhanced cell proliferation, migration, invasion accompanied by reduced cell adhesion when compared to the wildtype cells. Functional transcriptomic studies confirmed the upregulation of EMT and mesenchymal markers, downregulation of epithelial markers as well as acquisition of signatures associated with cancer stemness (CD56, Oct4, PROCR and CD49f) thus transforming MCF-7 cells from oestrogen positive to triple reduced (ESR1, PGR, and HER2) status. We also observed a stark increase in the expression of long non-coding RNA,XISTin MCF-7 cells expressing C328-VIM. Targeting the mutant vimentin orXISTby RNA interference partially reversed the phenotypes in C328-VIM expressing MCF-7 cells. Furthermore, introduction of C328-VIM cells into nude mice promoted tumour growth by increasing cancer stemness in an oestrogen independent manner. Altogether, our studies provide insight into how cysteine 328 in vimentin dictates mechano-transduction signals to remodel actin cytoskeleton and protect against EMT and cancer growth via modulating lncRNAXIST. Therefore, targeting vimentin and/orXISTvia RNA interference should be a promising therapeutic strategy for breast cancer treatment.Abstract Figure

The purpose of this study was to compare radiation dose reduction capability for accurate liver tumor measurements of a computer-aided volumetry (CAD v ) software for filtered back projection (FBP), hybrid-type iterative reconstruction (IR), mode-based iterative reconstruction (MBIR), and deep learning reconstruction (DLR) at a phantom study. A commercially available anthropomorphic abdominal phantom was scanned five times with a 320-detector row CT at 600 mA, 400 mA, 200 mA, and 100 mA and reconstructed by four methods. Signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs) of all lesions within the arterial and portal-venous phase inserts were calculated, and SNR of the lesion phantom was compared with that of all reconstruction methods by means of Tukey's honestly significant difference (HSD) test. Then, tumor volume ( V ) of each nodule was automatically measured using commercially available CAD v software. To compare dose reduction capability for each reconstruction method at both phases, mean differences between measured V and standard references were compared by Tukey's honestly significant difference test among the four different reconstruction methods on CT obtained at each of the four tube currents. With each of the tube currents, SNRs for MBIR and DLR were significantly higher than those for FBP and hybrid-type IR ( p < 0.05). At the arterial phase, the mean difference in V for the CT protocol obtained at 600 or 100 mA and reconstructed with DLR was significantly smaller than that for others ( p < 0.05). At the portal-venous phase, the mean differences in V for the CT protocol obtained at 100 mA and reconstructed with hybrid-type IR, MBIR, and DLR were significantly smaller than that for FBP ( p < 0.05). Findings of our phantom study show that reconstruction method had influence on CAD v merits for abdominal CT with not only standard but also reduced dose examinations and that DLR can potentially yield better image quality and CAD v measurements than FBP, hybrid-type IR, or MBIR in this setting.

Context Intensive livestock production is challenged by frequent occurrence of contagious livestock diseases. Advanced diagnostic tools, such as quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), have been found to improve the precision and speed of veterinary diagnostics. Aims This study develops and applies an analytical quantitative framework to investigate the potential farm economic benefits of introducing an advanced and rapid diagnostic tool that allows veterinarians accurately and fast to detect the load and composition of pathogens in production animals, compared with a scenario where decision-making is based on aggregate prevalence data. Methods A probabilistic budget simulation model for livestock production was developed, on the basis of farm-accounts data, epidemiological prevalence, mortality and morbidity data from official statistics, veterinary practice and literature findings, as well as experimental data regarding sensitivity and specificity of the specific diagnostic tool. Key results The framework was used to assess the expected economic gains of qPCR diagnostics for calf pneumonia and weaner pig diarrhoea. In both cases, positive economic gains were found, namely, 7.8% and 3.1% of gross margin in Danish calf production and weaner production respectively. Conclusions and Implications Use of rapid advanced diagnostic tools to diagnose calf pneumonia or weaner pig diarrhoea can lead to economic gains for farmers and improve the efficiency in use of resources in livestock production.