Danaher (United Kingdom)

В условиях глобальных климатических изменений и дефицита водных ресурсов возрастает необходимость внедрения современных технологий мониторинга для повышения эффективности ведения сельского хозяйства. Настоящая статья посвящена анализу возможностей применения дистанционного зондирования Земли (ДЗЗ) и геоинформационных систем (ГИС) для мониторинга состояния сельскохозяйственных территорий Кызылординской области. В качестве ключевого инструмента использован индекс NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index), позволяющий оперативно оценивать состояние растительности и продуктивность агроценозов. На основе спутниковых данных за вегетационные периоды последних лет были выявлены пространственные и временные изменения состояния сельскохозяйственных угодий, что позволило определить зоны с устойчивым развитием и проблемные участки, требующие дополнительного внимания. В работе представлены тематические карты распределения NDVI, проанализированы факторы, влияющие на снижение вегетационной активности, включая погодные условия, уровень ирригации и деградацию почв. Полученные результаты подтверждают высокую информативность и практическую ценность использования NDVI в агромониторинге, а также подчеркивают необходимость интеграции дистанционных методов в систему управления сельским хозяйством региона. Предложенный подход может быть полезен для органов государственного управления, фермерских хозяйств и научных учреждений при принятии решений по адаптации сельского хозяйства к современным климатическим вызовам.

To compare postenhancement visual acuity between patients who underwent postcataract laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) or photorefractive keratectomy (PRK). A private, tertiary referral practice in Sioux Falls, South Dakota. 3-year, retrospective chart review. Patients who underwent postcataract extraction excimer laser enhancement surgery targeted for emmetropia (±0.50 diopter). Postenhancement uncorrected distance visual acuity (UDVA) and manifest refraction spherical equivalent (MRSE) was recorded for all available follow-ups and compared for both groups. 822 postcataract enhanced eyes (491 LASIK; 331 PRK). For patients with at least 6-month follow-up, mean UDVA was 0.05 ± 0.13 logMAR in LASIK-enhanced patients and 0.15 ± 0.20 in PRK-enhanced patients ( P < .001). Mean absolute value MRSE was 0.22 ± 0.36 and 0.48 ± 0.62 for LASIK-enhanced and PRK-enhanced patients at or beyond 6 months, respectively ( P < .001). 330 (67%) LASIK-enhanced patients achieved 20/20 or better postenhancement UDVA, compared with 142 (43%) PRK-enhanced patients ( P < .001). Controlling for pre-enhancement UDVA, LASIK-enhanced patients showed significantly better postenhancement UDVA than PRK-enhanced patients, except in those with pre-enhancement vision of 20/20 or better, or those worse than 20/50. LASIK-enhanced virgin corneas had mean postenhancement of 0.05 ± 0.14 UDVA compared with 0.13 ± 0.19 UDVA in PRK-enhanced virgin cornea patients ( P < .001). LASIK provides better and more predictable outcomes in UDVA than PRK in postcataract enhancement patients, even when controlling for pre-enhancement visual acuity and prior ocular procedures.

Synthetic cannabinoids can cause acute adverse psychological effects, but the potential impact when exposure happens before birth is unknown. Use of synthetic cannabinoids during pregnancy may affect fetal brain development, and such effects could be moderated by the genetic makeup of an individual. Disrupted in schizophrenia 1 (DISC1) is a gene with important roles in neurodevelopment that has been associated with psychiatric disorders in pedigree analyses. Using zebrafish as a model, we investigated (1) the behavioral impact of developmental exposure to 3 μM 1-pentyl-3-(1-naphthoyl)-indole (JWH-018; a common psychoactive synthetic cannabinoid) and (2) whether disc1 moderates the effects of JWH-018. As altered anxiety responses are seen in several psychiatric disorders, we focused on zebrafish anxiety-like behavior. Zebrafish embryos were exposed to JWH-018 from one to six days post-fertilization. Anxiety-like behavior was assessed using forced light/dark and acoustic startle assays in larvae and novel tank diving in adults. Compared to controls, both acutely and developmentally exposed zebrafish larvae had impaired locomotion during the forced light/dark test, but anxiety levels and response to startle stimuli were unaltered. Adult zebrafish developmentally exposed to JWH-018 spent less time on the bottom of the tank, suggesting decreased anxiety. Loss-of-function in disc1 increased anxiety-like behavior in the tank diving assay but did not alter sensitivity to JWH-018. Results suggest developmental exposure to JWH-018 has a long-term behavioral impact in zebrafish, which is not moderated by disc1.

Abstract We provide novel evidence that technological news and uncertainty shocks, identified one at a time using vector autoregressive (VAR) models as in the literature, are correlated; that is, they are not truly structural . We then proceed by proposing an identification scheme to disentangle the effects of news and financial uncertainty shocks. We find that by removing financial uncertainty effects from news shocks, the positive responses of economic activity to news shocks are strengthened in the short term; and that the negative responses of activity to financial uncertainty shocks are deepened in the medium term as “good uncertainty” effects on technology are purged.

De tout vidence, Jacques Thvoz 1 , dont nous clbrions le centime anniversaire de sa naissance, fait partie, depuis son dcs tragique en 1983 2 , du panthon suisse des faiseurs et faiseuses d'images. Mais ce pionnier de la Tlvision Suisse Romande, cet autodidacte de l'image et de l'criture, ce bohme rput pour son indpendance farouche, n'est pas rfrenc dans la littrature spcialise parmi les ethno-cinastes. Pourquoi vouloir alors convoquer Jacques Thvoz dans ce numro de Dcadrages consacr au cinma ethnographique ? Aprs un rapide survol de quelques sites internet ddis, intgralement ou en partie, son oeuvre, la dimension ethnographique de ses films tait loin d'tre une vidence. Certes, Jacques Thvoz avait parcouru bien des mondes pendant une trentaine d'annes, de 1950 1980, avec comme outils de prdilection un Rolleiflex 3 , une Paillard-Bollex, une Arriflex, et un crayon bien affut. Le proche : la Suisse et l'Europe, le trs proche : sa ville de Fribourg dans les moindres dtails, mais aussi le lointain : l' Afrique 4 , le Moyen-Orient ou l' Asie. Cet itinraire impressionnant, fait de rencontres et de portraits finement raliss, ne suffisait apparemment pas donner certaines de ses productions une dimension ethnographique. Si, avant d'crire cet article, je connaissais une partie de l'oeuvre photographique de Jacques Thvoz, il tait clair, par contre, que ses films m'taient jusqu'ici quasi raman reporter pour des missions de la TSR : Continent sans visa et Carrefour. Ralisateur et producteur indpendant, Jacques Thvoz vendra, en 1980, ses archives l'tat de Fribourg pour produire son ultime film : Vulcain (source : memobase

EURO-CARES (European Curation of Astromaterials Returned from the Exploration of Space) was a three-year multinational project (2015-2017) funded by the European Commission's Horizon 2020 research programme. The objective of EURO-CARES was to create a roadmap for the implementation of a European Extra-terrestrial Sample Curation Facility (ESCF). This facility was intended to be suitable for the curation of samples from return missions from the Moon, asteroids, Mars, and other bodies of the Solar System. The EURO-CARES project covered five technical areas, led by scientists and engineers from institutions across Europe. 1. Planetary Protection: Planetary protection requirements and implementation approaches were assessed by experts and guided by international policy. Existing sterilization methods and techniques were reviewed. It was found that measures already employed for high containment biosafety facilities are suitable for a restricted sample return mission. However, the development of certain technologies, such as a 'double walled' isolator, remote manipulation, integration of scientific analytical instruments, etc. is also required. 2. Facilities and Infrastructure: Aspects from building design to storage of the samples were examined in the project. Requirements for the facility included that it contained a receiving laboratory, a cleaning and opening laboratory, a bio-assessment laboratory, a curation laboratory, and sample storage. Different design solutions were prepared in collaboration with architects. 3. Instruments and Methods: The methodology of characterisation of returned samples and the instrument base required at the ESCF were determined. The analyses provide an appropriate level of characterisation while ensuring minimal contamination and minimal alteration of the sample. When the samples are returned to Earth, several stages of studies would be conducted. 4. Analogue Samples: Analogue proxy samples were considered critical for testing sample handling, preparation techniques, storage conditions, planetary protection measures, as well as to validate new analytical methods. A list of useful analogue samples has been assembled. 5. Sample Transport: The Earth re-entry capsule from a sample return mission is targeted at a specific landing ellipse on Earth and must then be transported safely to the ESCF in an appropriate transport container. Lessons learned from past sample return missions show that preparations for recovery included: training of the recovery team for every possible scenario, possible temporary facilities nearby the landing site, environmental measurements and collection of samples at the landing site, added to this if necessary, would be planetary protection measures. In conclusion, long-term curation of extra-terrestrial samples requires that the samples are kept clean to minimize the risk of Earth contaminants, at the same time as contained, in case of a restricted sample return. This work describes a roadmap for a combined high containment and ultraclean European sample curation facility and the development of the necessary novel scientific and engineering methods and techniques.

Although most cases of basal cell carcinoma (BCC) are curable, facial and recurrent BCCs require time consuming and labor-intensive Mohs micrographic surgery (MMS) to ensure complete removal with optimal cosmetic results. To handle the skin cancer epidemic, there is an urgent need to speedup MMS. Recently, rapid lump examination (RLE) has been shown to enable quick histologic examination, but its usefulness within MMS is unknown. To evaluate the accuracy of RLE for the detection of residual BCC during MMS. Twenty-two BCCs of various subtypes were evaluated by means of RLE and standard fresh frozen section (FFS) examination. For RLE, the freshly excised tissue was stained with toluidine blue and imaged with a stereomicroscope before being subdivided into sections suitable for processing into FFS. Fresh frozen sections were stained with hemotoxylin and eosin and evaluated with light microscopy. Using FFS examination as the gold standard for the detection of residual BCC, RLE had a sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of 83.8%, 94.0%, 83.8%, and 94.0%, respectively. As RLE enables quick 3-dimensional visualization of surgical margins for the detection of residual BCC, it holds the potential to speedup histologic examination during MMS.

Abstract Low cost analytical plotters for use with 35 mm and 70 mm metric and non-metric photography are increasingly being considered as a means of introducing photogrammetry to non-photogrammetrists. One of these instruments, an Adam Technology MPS-2, recently formed the basis for a research project into the feasibility of such non-specialist use. During the project, an MPS-2 users' group was formed and many of the current users were asked to complete a questionnaire detailing their experiences with the instrument. Almost 40 users responded and their replies are given in this paper, which begins by outlining the project and goes on to discuss the comments received. The paper ends with an appraisal of the MPS-2 as seen through the eyes of its users and concludes that, considering its relatively low cost, it is definitely worthy of consideration by non-specialists. Resume On considere actuellement de plus en plus que les appareils de restitution analytiques bon marche, permettant ľemploi des photographies 35 mm et 70 mm, metriques et non-metriques, constituent un bon moyen ďinitiation des non-photogrammetres a la photogrammetrie. Ľun de ces instruments, le MPS-2 de la Societe Adam Technology, a servi de base a une action de recherche sur lafaisabiliteďun tel emploi par des non-specialistes. On a forme, dans le cadre de cette action de recherche, un groupe ďutilisateurs du MPS-2, a la plupart desquels on a adresse un questionnaire leur demandant de detailler leur experience de cet appareil. On a recu pres de 40 reponses ďutilisateurs et ľon reproduit ces reponses dans cet article. Apres avoir esquise les grandes lignes de cette action de recherche, on commente les reponses recues. On termine sur une appreciation du MPS-2 vu par les utilisateurs et on en conclut que, etant donne son cout relativement faible, cet appareil merite absolument ďetre pris en compte par les non-specialistes. Zusammenfassung Preiswerte analytische Auswertegerate fur die Auswertung von 35 mm-und 70 mm-Fotos, die mit Meβkammern und Nichtmeβkammern aufge-nommen wurden, werden zunehmend als Mittel zur Einfuhrung der Phologrammetrie bei Nichtphotogrammetem angesehen. Eines dieser Gerate, ein MPS-2 von Adam Technology, bildete kurzlich die Grundlage fur ein Forschungsprojekt zum Nutzen solcher Anwendungen fur Nicht-spezialisten. Wahrend des Projektes wurde eine MPS-2-Nutzergruppe gebildet und viele der gegenwartigen Nutzer wurden gebeten, einen Fragebogen zu vervollstandigen und ihre Erfahrungen mit dem Gerat mitzuteilen. Zunachst wird das Projekt skizziert, und dann werden die erhaltenen Kommentare diskutiert. Der Artikel schlieβt mit einer Bewertung des MPS-2, wie er mit den Augen seiner Nutzer gesehen wird und schluβfolgert, daβ er unter Beachtung seiner relativ geringen Kosten deutlich die Aufmerksamkeit der Nichtspezialisten verdient.

Le President de la Societe britannique de photogrammetrie, Mr. I. Newton, a preside une tribune de discussion dediee aux developpements qui pourront se manifester en photogrammetrie au cours des annees 1990. Participerent a cette tribune : MM J. D. Leatherdale (consultant), le Dr. J.-P. Muller (University College, Londres), M. Sowton (Ordnance Survey) et le Dr. A. S. Walker (Leica Aarau AG, Suisse).