Danubius University

Human development needs viable models. The multi-material-intensive, energy-intensive and polluting industrial models of the past must be accepted as outdated and urgently replaced. The current state of affairs, in which humankind has depleted the Planet of viable resources, long surpassing its capacity for self-regeneration and burdening it with waste, is profoundly harmful and requires the urgent identification of sustainable solutions, thereby improving productive practice. The vision, commitment and strategy of building the blue economy must be accepted as the only way for the future progress and existence of human civilization. The blue economy must be seen as an integrating vision that postulates the generation of society-wide patterns from the natural cycle. As a result, only cascading, non-polluting production models should be promoted in the future, with the by-products released from the production process being absorbed into nature, thus preserving the possibilities of the natural environment. Undeniably, the European Union is at the forefront of the competition to generate robust bio-economic strategies for the future. It must be recognized that an intense European effort is needed to promote and implement bio-economic action plans in a broad format, requiring constructive contacts with all countries around the world. Future blue development strategies must be borderless.

Our natural language approach concerns syntactic analysis using a dedicated Javascript library - wink-nlp - and semantic analysis based on Prolog programming language, facilitated by another Javascript library - tau-prolog - that allows defining logical programs, declaring rules and checking for goals inside Javascript language. Firstly, our program splits the original text into sentences, than into tokens and identifies each part of the sentence, dynamically maps entities into Prolog rules, then check the spelling accordingly to the Definite Clause Grammar (DCG) by querying the pre-defined program for initial goals (the sentence itself). Basically, we let the parser infer its own rules from the syntactic point of view, then check the grammar from a semantic perspective against the DCG inside the same work flow or pipeline of steps.The provided article combine the usage of wink-nlp and tau-prolog packages for natural language processing (NLP) and understanding (NLU), demonstrates the need of a supplementary logic layer based on beta reductions and provide a method to convert lambda abstractions into arrow Javascript functions.

Sport is an important social phenomenon that promotes social and cultural values such as peace, respect for human rights, solidarity, and mutual understanding between nations and cultures. At the same time, sport is also an important economic reality. Therefore, the funding of sports is an important priority, and, in addition to the above-discussed benefits, it also brings economic benefits. The basic goal of the present study is to provide an overview of the financial mechanism and to discuss the sources of funds for sporting events in the Slovak Republic. The funds from the State budget allocated for sporting activities in the form of contributions to recognised sports, subsidies and contributions to a national sports project are described in detail for its implementation. Furthermore, pre and post Covid-19 pandemic sports legislation in Slovak legislation were compared. At the same time, these new legal regulations were compared and interpreted from the context of the legal orders of the Slovak Republic.

National and international sports are well recognized in the international Olympic movement. The Summer and Winter Olympic and Paralympic Games are the major global sporting events, uniting the entire world together for world peace. Managing the health and safety of athletes at these top sporting events is an important task. During the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic, sound organisational policies and effective preventive measures to protect athletes from infection at the Olympic Games were essential. Currently, there is not much information on the spread of COVID-19 infection in sports events and the effectiveness of preventive measures. The present study analyses the preventive measures for COVID-19 at Tokyo 2020 Summer Olympics and the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics. The study is based on the official documents of the International Olympic Committee and the International Paralympic Committee. It compares the COVID-19 spread and preventive measures taken by the organisers at the Tokyo 2020 Summer Olympic Games and the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympic Games.

This paper examines which economically oriented methods and approaches to strategic management may be found in the police's organizational culture, which is often disconnected from economic knowledge. In addition, the economic question of how far strategic considerations and strategic management expertise are currently embedded in the police's organizational culture and incorporated into their decision-making processes is addressed. The focus of the research is on the decision-making processes around the acquisition of a single police resource. This is a piece of a larger strategic decision that must be taken in principle and is based on the author's earlier risk assessment of a police resource. An detailed literature review is undertaken for this aim, which is confined to only the most recent literature sources. In addition, existing sources that communicate internal German police opinions are consulted. Given the difficulty of such a task, four responses to parliamentary questions from German interior ministries, as well as the experiences of European police forces on the subject, were employed. In this context, it is worth noting that the police and its members are dealing with a rising proclivity for violence, as well as a loss of reputation from segments of the populace who are becoming increasingly critical across borders. The author finds that strategic management is not yet fully entrenched in the police force, but it is on the rise, based on his research. As the essay will demonstrate, the previously asked scientific question can therefore only be answered in a contradictory manner.

The 20-ties of the 21st century are dented by the COVID-19 period. The fall of the world economy, the frustrations of the inhabitants because of their health, and unclear state policies throughout continents require functional measures. The application of the principles of social economy enables creation of the working system of sustainable entrepreneurial activities with the help of state means, transforming small and middle-sized enterprises into a social economy. The knowledge on the system and organization structure of the social economy in the Slovak Republic enables dissemination and potential application in the international context in the current pandemic period characterized by COVID-19. The system of social economy is being defined by Slovak legal regulations and selected statistic indicators about the social economy subjects in the Slovak Republic. A part of it is also a structural classification of the organizational structure of the state administration of the social economy, classification of the kinds of social enterprises, as well as classification of the wider area of the social economy from the multiple points of view in the Slovak Republic. The research results can be used as an argument for implementing of social economy in national economies.

Abstract The redesign of data protection in the police and judicial area is intended to create uniformity at the European level for the citizens of EU Member States. This scientific article analyses the subject of data protection in law enforcement and judicial cooperation in criminal matters. The focus is primarily on the existing provisions and the latest developments of the EU with regard to Directive (EU) 2016/680 on the protection of natural persons with regard to the processing of personal data by competent authorities for the purposes of the prevention, investigation, detection or prosecution of criminal offences or the execution of criminal penalties, and on the free movement of such data, and repealing Council Framework Decision 2008/977/JHA. The international level with regard to data protection in the police and judicial area and possible changes due to the developments in data protection under European law are also examined in more detail.

Digitisation is changing not only our society but also markets, strategies and busi- ness models, which has increased competition in many markets. At the same time, large companies with a digital business model, such as Amazon, in particular, are experiencing a rapid rise, which has triggered a debate about fair competitive conditions. However, it is not only the company’s significant market power that is a cause for concern. The increasing vertical integration of platform operators such as Amazon, which makes them direct competitors of their own platform users, also raises competition law issues. Against this backdrop, it is the aim of this article to analyse Amazon’s business model in more detail from a competition law perspec tive. The analysis aims to identify which parts of the company’s business model and the resulting strategies may be seen as problematic under competition law.