Delhi Integrated Multi-Modal Transit System

This study forecasts the digital literacy growth across 24 districts of Jharkhand until 2030 using historical trends and predictive modeling. The findings reveal positive growth trajectories across all districts, with leading regions such as Bokaro, Jamtara, Ranchi, and Ramgarh demonstrating faster progress in digital adoption. However, districts like Pakur, Latehar, and West Singhbhum exhibit slower growth, indicating the need for targeted interventions and policy support to achieve balanced development. The study emphasizes the importance of region- specific strategies, infrastructure development, and digital awareness programs to bridge the literacy gap. Insights from this forecast will assist policymakers in formulating equitable digital inclusion initiatives, ensuring Jharkhand's holistic digital transformation by 2030.

BackgroundMethotrexate (MTX) is the first line drug suggested in the ACR/EULAR guidelines to treat the rheumatoid arthritis (RA) (1) and spondylarthritis (SpA). Although MTX efficacy is demonstrated by high levels of evidences, maximum benefit might require interventions even earlier. For this reason, it is suggested to identify the patients (pts) with symptom onset of less than 12 weeks, that is very early arthritis, to obtain better outcomes. Few data are available by the clinical practice on MTX monotherapy (MTXm) survival in very early or early arthritis pts.ObjectivesWe aim to evaluate the presence of different outcomes in MTXm drug survival and MTX efficacy between Very Early arthritis (VEA) pts (less than 12 weeks from symptom onset) and Early arthritis (EA) pts (12–52 weeks from symptom onset), and between early RA pts and early SpA pts.MethodsOn 305 pts, we selected 219 pts (30 pts diagnosed as VEA (4,2 (4) weeks from symptom onset) and 155 pts as EA (25,7 (25) wks from symptom onset) in which MTXm could be started. The RA pts were 93 and SpA pts were 126. To assess the MTXm persistency the Kaplan-Meier survival curves analysis was performed and Cox regression analysis was used to assess clinical predictors of MTXm suspension. The results are expressed as mean±standard deviation or median (interquartile range). A p≤0.05 was set for statistically significant.ResultsNo difference in MTXm survival was found between VEA pts 95,5 (36) wks and EA 92,5 (10) wks (p=0,38) (Fig.1a). We observed a significant difference in drug survival between early RA pts 63 (16) wks) and early SpA pts 112,7 (15,8) wks (p=0,001) (Fig.1b). In 55% early RA pts and in 45% early SpA pts the biotechnology drug needs to be added because of disease flare. In the remaining pts a low disease activity (DAS≤3,2) was observed. No adverse events were recorded in follow-up period. In early RA pts predictors of shorter MTXm survival were younger age at diagnosis (p=0,004), lower dose of MTX (p=0,032), earlier diagnosis from symptom onset (p=0,0001), higher titer of rheumatoid factor (p=0,037) and female gender (p=0,019). In early SpA pts the only predictor of shorter MTXm survival was younger age at diagnosis (p=0,0,37). Smoking, disease activity at diagnosis and BMI were not predictors of MTXm survival.ConclusionsThe MTXm survival is not influenced by VEA or EA diagnosis. The RA seems to be less responder to MTXm than SpA. It might be due to the difficult to capture the earliest phase of disease, as circulating antibodies might appear years before the onset of symptoms in RA, and biomarkers reflecting bone destruction are elevated before arthritis is present, as described in previous studies. In particular, might be pay attention to younger pts, female gender and pts with higher titer of rheumatoid factor as they seem to present a more resistant RA disease. A high dose of MTX and earlier interventions are suggested in RA to improve the clinical outcome of patients and the MTXm survival.ReferencesSmolen JS et. Al. EULAR recommendations for the management of rheumatoid arthritis with synthetic and biological disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs: 2013 update. Ann Rheum Dis 2014;73:492–509.Disclosure of InterestNone declared

We construct weak global in time solutions to the classical Keller-Segel system cell movement by chemotaxis in two dimensions when the total mass is below the well-known critical value. Our construction takes advantage of the fact that the Keller-Segel system can be realized as a gradient flow in a suitable functional product space. This allows us to employ a hybrid variational principle which is a generalisation of the minimising implicit scheme for Wasserstein distances introduced by Jordan, Kinderlehrer and Otto (1998).

Goal oriented error estimation and adaptive procedures are essential for the accurate and efficient evaluation of numerical simulations that involve complex domains. By locally improving the approximation quality we can solve expensive problems which could result intractable otherwise. Here, we present an error estimation technique for enriched finite element approximations that is based on an equilibrated recovery technique, which considers the stress intensity factor as the quantity of interest. The locally equilibrated superconvergent patch recovery is used to obtain enhanced stress fields for the primal and dual problems defined to evaluate the error estimate.

The notions of universality and completeness are central in the theories of computation and computational complexity. However, proving lower bounds and necessary conditions remains hard in most of the cases. In this article, we introduce necessary conditions for a cellular automaton to be "universal", according to a precise notion of simulation, related both to the dynamics of cellular automata and to their computational power. This notion of simulation relies on simple operations of space-time rescaling and it is intrinsic to the model of cellular automata. Intrinsinc universality, the derived notion, is stronger than Turing universality, but more uniform, and easier to define and study. Our approach builds upon the notion of communication complexity, which was primarily designed to study parallel programs, and thus is, as we show in this article, particulary well suited to the study of cellular automata: it allowed to show, by studying natural problems on the dynamics of cellular automata, that several classes of cellular automata, as well as many natural (elementary) examples, could not be intrinsically universal.

he equation $-\Delta u = \lambda e^u$ posed in the unit ball $B \subseteq \R^N$, with homogeneous Dirichlet condition $u|_{\partial B} = 0$, has the singular solution $U=\log\frac1{|x|^2}$ when $\lambda = 2(N-2)$. If $N\ge 4$ we show that under small deformations of the ball there is a singular solution $(u,\lambda)$ close to $(U,2(N-2))$. In dimension $N\ge 11$ it corresponds to the extremal solution -- the one associated to the largest $\lambda$ for which existence holds. In contrast, we prove that if the deformation is sufficiently large then even when $N\ge 10$, the extremal solution remains bounded in many cases.