Diakonie Kork

Одной из приоритетных задач Комплексной программы инновационного развития холдинга «РЖД» является цифровизация и автоматизация технологических процессов. Реализуемый в компании проект «Цифровая железнодорожная станция» [1–3] (ЦЖС) входит в состав комплексного научно-технического проекта «Цифровая железная дорога», внедряемого в рамках мероприятий по реализации программы «Цифровая экономика Российской Федерации». В ходе реализации проекта ЦЖС разработаны программно-аппаратные комплексы для автоматизации действий дежурного по станции в процессе приготовления маршрутов и контроля ситуации при поездных и маневровых передвижениях. В статье рассказано об Автоматическом комплексе информирования машиниста с интеллектуальным распознаванием речи АКИМ, который предназначен для автоматической передачи информации о приготовленном маршруте машинистам поездных локомотивов. АКИМ планируется применять в составе Цифровой железнодорожной станции для обеспечения выполнения регламента переговоров. One of the priority tasks of the Comprehensive Program innovative development of the holding “Russian Railways” is the digitalization and automation of technological processes. Implemented in the company the project “Digital railway station” (DJS), is part of the complex scientific and technical project “Digital railway”, implemented as part of the implementation of the measures for the implementation of the program “Digital economy of the Russian Federation”. During the implementation of the CJC project, software and hardware complexes were developed to automate the actions of the station attendant in the process of preparing routes and monitoring the situation during train shunting movements. The article describes an Automatic driver information System with intelligent speech recognition AKIM, which is designed to automatically transmit information about the prepared route to train locomotive drivers. AKIM is planned to be used as part of a Digital Railway Station to ensure compliance with the negotiation rules.

BackgroundBoth invasive and non-invasive blood pressure measuring methods are used in clinical and experimental work in veterinary medicine and several studies validating these methods are published. The aim of this study was to assess the level of agreement between non-invasive and invasive arterial blood pressure measurements within a wide range of blood pressures in sheep. Six adult Texel-cross female sheep were included. Anaesthesia was induced with IV propofol (4–8 mg/kg) and maintained with sevoflurane in 50% oxygen and air. Blood pressure measurements were simultaneously obtained using both invasive methods (electronic pressure transducer (EPT) connected to the auricular and carotid arteries, and aneroid manometer connected to the auricular artery) and non-invasive methods (the oscillometric device (OD) and Doppler). Carotid artery EPT was considered the ‘gold standard’ to which other methods were compared. The agreement between the two methods was evaluated with the Bland-Altman method, in conditions of normotension, hypertension (MAP > 160 mmHg, induced with phenylephrine), and hypotension (MAP < 50 mmHg, induced with acepromazine). The devices were evaluated using the American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine guidelines.ResultsCarotid MAP values ranged from 37 to 192 mmHg. Mean bias and limits of agreement were − 2.8 mmHg and − 11–5.4 mmHg for the auricular EPT MAP; 5.1 mmHg and − 12.2–22.3 mmHg for the aneroid manometer MAP; − 2.7 mmHg and − 23.9–18.6 mmHg for the OD MAP; − 1.5 mmHg and − 20.1–23.2 mmHg for the Doppler SAP; respectively. Correlation coefficients for all methods were > 0.95.ConclusionsDoppler SAP and OD MAP demonstrated acceptable accuracy over a broad blood pressure range, supporting their utility for sheep as surrogate of invasive methods of measuring blood pressure. Auricular EPT was the best surrogate of central arterial pressure to be used in clinical conditions.

В статье рассказано о модуле автоматической подготовки поездных и маневровых маршрутов, который является одним из важнейших элементов Цифровой железнодорожной станции. Он предназначен для реализации режима автоматического исполнения операций по установке маршрутов (определения трассы маршрута), обеспечения движения поездов и маневровых составов, а также специального самоходного подвижного состава. Модуль осуществляет управление не только поездными, но и маневровыми передвижениями. Он динамически корректирует трассы маршрутов для исключения создания враждебности и обеспечивает максимально эффективную производительность станции. Модуль автоматической подготовки поездных и маневровых маршрутов в автономном режиме с августа текущего года введен в опытную эксплуатацию на станции Челябинск-Главный Южно-Уральской дороги. The article describes the Module for automatic calculation of train routes, which is one of the most important elements of the Digital Railway Station. It is designed to automatically calculation the route, ensure the movement of trains and shunting trains, as well as special self-propelled rolling stock. The module controls not only train movements, but also shunting movements. It dynamically calculation routes to prevent the creation of hostility and ensures the most efficient performance of the station. The Module for automatic calculation of train routes in autonomous mode has been put into experimental operation at the Chelyabinsk-Glavny station of the South Ural Railway since August of this year.

Epilepsy affects around 1% of the global population and often requires long-term treatment with antiseizure medications (ASMs). However, the current treatment strategy is based on clinical acumen and trial and error, resulting in only about 50% of patients remaining seizure-free for at least 12 months with first-line ASMs. Valproic acid (VPA) is a commonly prescribed first-line ASM, yet <50% of patients experience inadequate seizure control (ISC) or unacceptable adverse reactions (UARs), necessitating discontinuation. We developed a predictive algorithm to support VPA treatment decisions in eligible epilepsy patients integrating in-vitro data, genetic data and previous knowledge. Our approach is based on genetic variations in genes associated with VPA pharmacodynamics and -kinetics, as well as the response of human neurons to VPA (in-vitro). The multimodal pipeline integrates patients’ common and rare genetic variants of genes related to these pathways. The feature engineering pipeline was trained and tested on a multi-ethnic external dataset and the final classifier trained and tested on the Epi25 cohort of patients. The proof-of-concept validation was performed in an independently collected cohort and confirmed the potential to predict VPA treatment response. Overall performance was modest. However, prediction accuracy and the high negative predictive value highlight the potential for clinical values. We estimated a significant reduction in the time to successful treatment, decreasing both patient burden and overall healthcare costs. While our prototype is not yet at a clinically-ready stage and the need for SNP and WES data is limiting feasibility, the results suggest that a translational biomarker-based algorithm is promising in personalizing epilepsy treatment with VPA, shifting away from the one-size-fits-all approach. This could enhance treatment efficacy, reduce ISC and UARs, and improve patients’ quality of life by shortening the time to achieve seizure freedom.

Abstract Background Sturge-Weber Syndrome (SWS) is a rare neurocutaneous disease, characterized by cerebral capillary-venous malformation, glaucoma, and facial vascular birthmark. Different types are reflected in the Roach classification. Most previous studies have focussed on classic SWS Type I, but Type III cases, lacking facial birthmark, were mostly described in case reports. We systematically compare cases with and without facial birthmark, with a focus on epilepsy variables, cerebral involvement, use of aspirin, and overall outcome. Methods Using a cross-sectional observational study conducted through a well-established child neurologists’ network, we recruited paediatric patients with clinically diagnosed SWS from Germany, Switzerland, and Austria. The patients’ guardians and attending child neurologists filled in detailed questionnaires. All patients were classified according to the Roach classification by both attending child neurologists and the study team. Results Out of 111 paediatric SWS patients identified, 47 participated (43.2%). 35 cases (74.5%) fulfilled the criteria for classic SWS (Roach Type I); six cases (12.8%) showed no skin involvement (Roach Type III), the remaining six cases had overlap/atypical phacomatoses with capillary-venous malformation. Cases without facial birthmark were older at diagnosis (p = 0.005), and none showed ophthalmologic involvement. Age at first seizure did not differ significantly after adjustment for multiple comparisons. No significant differences were observed in seizure frequency, seizures types, number of used antiseizure medication (ASM), epilepsy surgery, cerebral involvement including atrophy and calcifications, SWS neuroscores or use of supportive therapies. Multivariable logistic regression showed seizure frequency was independent of SWS type and epilepsy surgery, but positively associated with the number of ASM required for seizure control (p = 0.0056). Half of operated patients were seizure-free at inclusion. Conclusions In our multinational cohort, Type I and Type III cases showed comparable epilepsy features, SWS neuroscores, number of required ASM and supportive therapy requirements. Type III patients were older at diagnosis and showed no ophthalmologic involvement, indicating a milder phenotype. Irrespective of SWS type, patients with uncontrolled epilepsy were 3.8-times more likely to require additional ASM. Despite uncontrolled epilepsy, only few patients underwent surgical evaluation or intervention. Larger cohorts are needed to evaluate surgical outcomes across SWS subtypes.