Dicle University

Advancements in medical technologies, expanded access to healthcare services, and improvements in living conditions have significantly increased the average life expectancy worldwide. This demographic shift, coupled with declining fertility rates, has led to a rapid rise in the proportion of elderly individuals within populations. The increase in the prevalence of chronic diseases is leading to the widespread use of multiple medications and making the importance of appropriate medication use more visible in primary health care. Polypharmacy is a natural consequence of the burden of age-related chronic diseases, but it can also introduce additional risks during treatment processes. Studies report that the prevalence of polypharmacy varies widely. Among older adults, polypharmacy is associated with numerous adverse clinical and economic outcomes, including drug interactions, inappropriate medication use, poor treatment adherence, adverse drug reactions, increased risk of falls, functional decline, and higher rates of hospitalization. Prescription review programs, the implementation of guidelines that support appropriate medication use (Beers, STOPP/START, TIME, etc.), and patient-centered education approaches play an important role in preventing polypharmacy. Family physicians working in primary health care play a central role in the early detection and appropriate management of polypharmacy, thanks to their ability to conduct long-term monitoring of elderly individuals and establish continuous physician-patient relationships. Additionally, AI-powered clinical decision support systems can enhance treatment safety by facilitating the detection of drug interactions and potentially inappropriate medication use. Strengthening collaboration between physicians and pharmacists in primary healthcare services, increasing awareness of medication management among older adults, and improving health literacy are among the key elements that support the effectiveness of the process. The aim of this review is to evaluate the frequency of polypharmacy in older adults, its economic and health outcomes, and prevention approaches based on current literature.

This study examines the cinematic construction of urban space through Christopher Nolan's film Inception (2010) with a multi-layered analysis in the context of Jean Baudrillard's theory of simulation, Zygmunt Bauman's concept of liquid modernity, Henri Lefebvre's theory of space production, and Marc Augé's "non-place space" approach. In the film, the cities built on dream planes are positioned as aesthetic backgrounds and representations of the individual's unconscious processes, social memory, identity construction and multifaceted relationships with the ideological structure. In the film, the cities built on dream planes are positioned as aesthetic backgrounds and representations of the individual's unconscious processes, social memory, identity construction and multifaceted relationships with the ideological structure. The urban textures designed by the character Ariadne are evaluated as simulacrum structures in line with Baudrillard's concept of hyperreality. While Bauman's theory of liquid modernity provides a theoretical basis for the discontinuity, loss of belonging and identity dissolution observed in urban images, Lefebvre's theory of space allows the analysis of cities in the film at the perceived, designed and lived spatial levels. Augé's "non-place spaces" concept explains the anonymous and temporary nature of dream cities, which are disconnected from historical, social, and cultural contexts. Inception reveals that city representations are visual elements and multi-layered narrative areas where the relationships established by the individual with the psychological, social and ideological structure are reproduced on a cinematic level. In this context, the study offers a theoretical intersection between the disciplines of architecture, cinema, communication, and sociology, and it suggests new areas of research on the potential effects of digital architecture and virtual reality technologies on future cinematic city representations.

The Borsa Istanbul Industrial Index (XUSIN) aggregates leading industrial firms and it is central for the Turkish economy. Although many studies conducted on different factors affecting XUSIN, up-to-date analyses are important to understand the reasons behind the fluctuations. In this study, using monthly data for 2013M01-2023M06, ARDL bounds model with a structural break control is estimated for the cointegration relationship together with Toda-Yamamoto causality test. In the long-run, exports and real effective exchange rate (REER) are statistically insignificant whereas the structural break exerts a persistent negative effect on the index. In the short-run, REER appreciation raises XUSIN whereas lagged export growth depresses the index after three months. Causality remains bidirectional among all variables, indicating active short run transmission despite weak long run elasticities. Overall, regime shifts shape the long run level of XUSIN and short run movements in REER and exports carry more information for forecasting and policymaking.

The present study aimed to examine the relationship between exercise adherence and breast cancer awareness among women who practice Pilates. The study was designed using a relational screening model. The sample consisted of 112 women residing in Diyarbakır who were actively engaged in Pilates exercises. Data were collected using a demographic information form, the Exercise Commitment Scale, and the Breast Cancer Awareness Scale. Descriptive statistics, including frequency and percentage distributions, were calculated. Following the assessment of normality assumptions, independent samples t-tests and Pearson correlation analyses were conducted. The results indicated that exercise adherence levels differed significantly according to marital status, having a relative diagnosed with breast cancer, and smoking status (p < .05). Breast cancer awareness levels were found to be significantly higher only among participants who had a relative diagnosed with breast cancer and those who reported regular medication use (p < .05). No statistically significant association was observed between exercise adherence and breast cancer awareness (p > .05). In conclusion, exercise adherence among women practicing Pilates was found to vary significantly with respect to marital status, smoking behavior, and having a relative diagnosed with breast cancer, whereas breast cancer awareness was associated solely with having a relative diagnosed with breast cancer and regular medication use. Furthermore, the results demonstrated that exercise adherence and breast cancer awareness were not significantly related. Cite this article as: Gözaçık, Y. (2026). Pilates and health awareness: the relationship between exercise commitment and breast cancer awareness in women. Research in Sports Science, 16, 0079, doi: 10.5152/rss.2026.25079.

Aim: In this study aims to Examine parents ' knowledge levels regarding childhood vaccines, their attitudes towards immunization services, and their hesitancy towards vaccination ; and to determine the vaccination rates of children . Material and Method: Correlation analysis was used to Examine the relationship between the mean scores obtained from the scales. The study included 250 participants were 73.2% female and 26.8% were male. Participants ' ages ranged from 18 to 65. 68.8% of participating parents received information about vaccination from nurses and other healthcare personnel, 22.8% from doctors, and 8.4% from newspapers and magazines. Higher scores on the scales indicate greater vaccine hesitancy. Higher scale scores indicate higher vaccine hesitancy. Results: As a result, the vaccine level instability in newspaper and television vaccine-related information is higher than that of doctors, nurses and other medical personnel. Conclusion: The level of behavior hesitant about vaccination varies Accordingly to gender, marital status, family type, education status, co-education status, location of vaccination, income status.

Parabolic trough collectors (PTCs) are highly sensitive to receiver positioning accuracy; however, most existing studies report optical efficiency degradation without formally defining alignment tolerance limits. This study proposes a tolerance-based thermo-optical risk framework to quantify allowable receiver misalignment envelopes for reliable PTC operation. A Monte Carlo Ray Tracing (MCRT) methodology is employed to evaluate the impact of angular receiver misalignment on optical efficiency and circumferential heat flux redistribution. Beyond conventional efficiency metrics, normalized flux-based thermal non-uniformity indicators are introduced to assess thermo-mechanical risk without requiring full thermo-fluid modeling. The results reveal a nonlinear decoupling between optical acceptability and thermal safety. While optical efficiency remains above 0.80 up to approximately ±6°, pronounced flux localization and rapid growth of thermal stress indicators occur beyond ±4°, marking the onset of thermally critical behavior. The identified ±4° threshold corresponds to approximately twice the collector half-acceptance angle (θ(crit)/δ ≈ 2), demonstrating geometry-dependent scaling characteristics. The proposed framework formalizes the optical–thermal decoupling phenomenon and transforms conventional efficiency-based evaluation into a reliability-informed alignment tolerance assessment tool applicable to manufacturing precision, installation control, and operational quality management in CSP systems.