Dijlah University College

تبحث هذه الدراسة في تأثير الكفاءة اللغوية في اللغة الأم (L1) على إنتاج المتحدثين الصينيين للأصوات السائلة الإنجليزية /l/ و /r/ من منظور صوتي-فونولوجي تجريبي. اعتمدت الدراسة تصميماً صوتياً تجريبياً مدعوماً بالتحليل السمعي والحكم الإدراكي لتحديد أنماط النطق لدى المشاركين. شارك في البحث أربعة طلاب دراسات عليا صينيون يتحدثون الإنجليزية كلغة ثانية، حيث قاموا بقراءة أزواج دنيا تحتوي على الأصوات المستهدفة ضمن كلمات معزولة وأخرى مدمجة في جمل. استند التحليل إلى نموذج تعلّم النطق (SLM) لفليج 1995 لتفسير أثر الفروق الصوتية بين اللغتين على اكتساب المتعلمين للأصوات. أظهرت النتائج أن المشاركين نطقوا الصوت /l/ بدقة عالية، بينما واجهوا صعوبات كبيرة في نطق الصوت /r/ نتيجة غياب مقابل صوتي مباشر له في اللغة الصينية. وظهرت هذه الصعوبات بشكل أوضح عند قراءة الكلمات داخل الجمل. تؤكد النتائج وجود تأثير واضح للغة الأم على دقة النطق في اللغة الإنجليزية، مما يستدعي تضمين تدريبات صوتية-فونولوجية موجهة لتحسين نطق هذه الفئة من المتعلمين.

Background : Stomach ulceration is a common side effect of long-term NSAID use. Lithospermic acid B (LAB, sometimes identified as salvianolic acid B) is a phytochemical extracted from Salvia species and has been shown to possess strong antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, and tissue-regenerative capacities. Objective : This research intended to assess the therapeutic effect of LAB on diclofenac-driven gastric injury in male rats. Methods : Forty rats (n = 10/group) were arbitrarily assigned to four groups as follows: normal control (DMSO), induction/model (single diclofenac 100 mg per kg + DMSO), LAB (LAB 20 mg per kg daily), and esomeprazole (Eso; 20 mg per kg each day) for 2 weeks. Results : Diclofenac remarkably (p < 0.05) raised MDA and LPO levels 2.6 and 2.3 times, correspondingly (p < 0.05), while decreasing SOD and CAT activity by 48% and 42%, respectively. LAB treatment resulted in a substantial decrement of MDA and LPO production (45% and 39%), while restoring SOD and CAT activities back to the control (p < 0.05). It further reduced IL-6 (−52%) and increased IL-10 (+63%), in addition to the marked increase of VEGF (+57%) and HGF (+49%) versus diclofenac induction. A marked reduction of mucosal sloughing, edema, and vascular congestion was supported by histopathological outcomes. Conclusion : The pro-angiogenic, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant capacities of LAB suggest that it offers effective defense against gastric damage caused by NSAIDs. These results validate LAB as a potential natural treatment for NSAID-evoked stomach ulcers.

This study presents a rapid, eco-friendly synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) using Garcinia mangostana pericarp extract via CO 2 laser decomposition. Resulting ZnO NPs were utilized to fabricate a UV photodetector on n-type Si (111). Characterization confirmed spherical, single-phase ZnO NPs with an average crystallite size of 24.34 nm. The device showed maximum performance under 365 nm UV illumination with 4.3 mA photocurrent, 1.88AW −1 responsivity, 4.4% quantum efficiency, detectivity of 5.87×10 11 Jones, noise equivalent power of 1.7×10 −12 W, and a fast response time of 0.056 s. This proposed technique provides a fast, sustainable, and energy efficient alternative for ZnO nanoparticle synthesis.

Healthcare workers endure considerable occupational stress, workplace hazards, and increased sickness absenteeism undermining wellbeing and service delivery. This study assessed workplace stress, occupational hazards, and sickness absenteeism among Baghdad healthcare workers, exploring their prevalence, contributing factors, and interconnections. A cross-sectional study was conducted from April to June 2025 at Pediatric Hospital in Baghdad Al-Karkh, enrolling 210 healthcare workers through convenience sampling (response rate: 80.8%). Data were collected using a validated self-administered questionnaire (Cronbach's α=0.89) covering demographics, workplace stress, occupational hazards, and sickness absenteeism. Statistical analysis employed descriptive statistics, Chi-square tests, and multivariate logistic regression using SPSS version 26. Ethical approval was obtained per the Declaration of Helsinki. Among 210 participants (mean age 31.7±7.2 years; 81.0% female), 41.4% experienced frequent work-related stress (>5 days/week) and 47.6% reported high perceived stress. Primary stressors were long working hours (35.2%) and high workload (29.5%), negatively affecting physical health (87.1%) and mental health (80.5%). Needle stick injuries (38.6%) and infectious exposure (20.0%) were predominant hazards, with only 25.2% reporting consistent PPE availability. Sickness absenteeism affected 31.0% of participants over three months, mainly for ≤7 days. Significant associations existed between sick leave and age, job title, work hours, and perceived stress (p<0.05). High perceived stress independently predicted sick leave (AOR=9.12, 95% CI: 4.15-20.04, p=0.001). Healthcare workers face significant occupational stress and hazards, with stress being the primary absenteeism predictor. Interventions require stress management, workload redistribution, improved safety measures, and mental health support. This pioneering comprehensive study linking workplace stress, hazards, and absenteeism in an Iraqi pediatric hospital provides crucial evidence for occupational health policy development in resource-constrained settings.

Due to its high ability to absorb ultraviolet rays in a wide spectrum, zinc oxide has emerged as the most important element used in the manufacture of sunscreens and cosmetics. This study aimed to determine the composition of zinc oxide nanorods and nanoparticles, as well as their impact on UV ray absorption. This was done by using Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM-EDS) and Ultra Violet (UV-Visible) spectroscopy to look at sunscreen samples that had different amounts of zinc oxide added to them. We prepared two types of commercial zinc oxide powder using a chemical bath deposition method. After characterizing samples of the two powders using FESEM-EDS spectroscopy, various shapes emerged, with rods dominating in both powders. The length of the structure was 224.7 nm, 9.443 ?m, and the diameter was 75.65 nm, 859.9 nm, respectively. The sun protection factor and the critical wavelength for the prepared samples were calculated using UV-Visible spectroscopy to measure the absorbance. An increasing zinc oxide to a certain extent led to an increase in UV ray absorption in all regions of the UV ray wavelength, with the ideal zinc oxide ratio being. The sunscreen had a concentration of 27.5%, and the use of zinc oxide provided broad protection from ultraviolet rays in all samples at the critical wavelength. In conclusion, increasing zinc oxide concentration in sunscreen increased the sun protection factor, critical wavelength, and UV ray protection.

The synergistic and detrimental interplay between diabetes mellitus and periodontitis poses a significant health burden. This study aimed to rigorously evaluate the association between routinely documented clinical periodontal parameters and glycemic control (as measured by HbA1c) in a cohort of diabetic patients attending Al-Kufa University College of Dentistry over a decade. A further objective was to develop and internally validate a multivariable predictive model for estimating HbA1c based on these readily accessible markers. A retrospective cohort study design was employed, analyzing patient records from January 2014 to December 2023. Diabetic patients were identified through documented clinical diagnosis in medical records, not solely based on HbA1c values. The inclusion criteria targeted diabetic patients (Type 1 or 2) aged 18 years or older with at least one comprehensive periodontal examination and a corresponding HbA1c value (within ± 3 months). Both periodontal parameters and HbA1c values were extracted from records at the same time point within this timeframe. Data on demographics, smoking status, HbA1c levels, and detailed periodontal parameters were meticulously extracted. Statistical analyses included descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation coefficients, and multivariable linear regression, considering alternative variable selection methods to construct the HbA1c predictive model. The dataset was split for internal validation (70% training, 30% testing). Out of 987 screened records, 350 diabetic patient records were analysed (mean age 54.2 ± 10.5 years; mean HbA1c 8.1% ± 1.8%). HbA1c significantly correlated (p < 0.001) with BOP% (r = 0.35), percentage of sites with PD ≥ 5 mm (r = 0.38), and number of missing teeth (r = 0.30). A multivariable regression model including these periodontal markers, age, and smoking status explained 27.5% of HbA1c variance (Adjusted R2 = 0.275, p < 0.001) in the training set (n = 245). In the testing set (n = 105), the model showed an R2 of 0.26 and a Mean Absolute Error (MAE) of 1.02% HbA1c. This 10-year retrospective analysis demonstrates that specific periodontal markers (percentage of sites with PD ≥ 5 mm: r = 0.38, BOP%: r = 0.35, missing teeth: r = 0.30) are significantly associated with HbA1c levels in diabetic patients. The developed model, while not a substitute for direct HbA1c measurement, offers a validated, non-invasive, and cost-effective chairside tool for risk-stratifying patients with diabetes, potentially enhancing early identification of those with poor glycemic control and facilitating timely medical referrals.

Artikel pengabdian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kesadaran masyarakat dan remaja di Desa Karangbayat Kecamatan Sumberbaru Kabupaten Jember tentang risiko pernikahan dini. Kegiatan pengabdian ini menggunakan metode Participatory Action Research (PAR), dengan melibatkan siswa-siswi kelas 8-9 MTS Sunan Ampel dan MTS Nurul Huda melalui penyuluhan dan sosialisasi tentang risiko pernikahan dini. Hasil dari kegiatan pengabdian ini adalah peningkatan kesadaran siswa-siswi dalam menunda pernikahan dan pentingnya melanjutkan pendidikan. Pembahasan kegiatan ini adalah perlunya kolaborasi pemerintah desa, lembaga pendidikan, dan masyarakat dalam upaya mencegah pernikahan dini di Desa Karangbayat.