Dr. Jose N. Rodriguez Memorial Hospital

Abstract Automatic door systems are designed to reduce manual effort and improve accessibility, safety, and convenience in public and private spaces. This study presents the design and development of a Motion Activated Automatic Garage Door System using an Arduino microcontroller, sensors, and motor control to detect object presence and operate the garage door automatically. Related studies by Orji et al. (2019) and Gupta et al. (2020) demonstrate that ultrasonic and infrared sensors integrated with Arduino platforms provide reliable and low-cost solutions for door automation. A descriptive–experimental research design was employed to develop and evaluate the proposed system in a controlled environment using a toy as the triggering object. The system performance was assessed in terms of sensor detection accuracy, response time, and reliability of the door opening and closing mechanism. Results indicate that the Arduino-based system responds efficiently to object detection and performs consistent door automation. The study contributes to existing research on embedded systems by demonstrating a simple, affordable, and educational approach to motion-activated garage door automation.

Pregnancy is a period during which significant physiological changes occur in all organs and systems of a woman’s body. The cardiovascular system is no exception; it undergoes some of the most relevant changes and requires a complex, gradual readaptation. Healthy pregnant women can tolerate these changes, but in women with heart disease this can lead to a marked increase in maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality— in some cases exceeding 50%. Below we describe the case of an obstetric patient with pulmonary arterial hypertension secondary to a cyanotic congenital heart disease: its detection, prenatal follow-up, management, clinical course, treatment, and outcome. Objective: To report the case of an obstetric patient with an unspecified cyanotic congenital heart disease complicated by pulmonary arterial hypertension. To describe its detection, prenatal care, clinical course, and maternal–fetal outcome developed at the General Hospital of Cancun.

The increasing number of vehicles on the road has led to a higher risk of accidents, especially during reverse parking and in congested traffic conditions. Many minor collisions occur due to limited rear visibility and the driver’s inability to accurately judge distance. As a response to this problem, this project research focuses on the development of a low-cost and reliable reverse parking assistance system using an Ultrasonic Sensor and an Arduino Uno R3. The background of this study is rooted in the need for an affordable alternative to commercial parking sensors that can still provide accurate and real-time obstacle detection. The main objective of this research is to detect obstacles located at the rear of a vehicle and provide timely warnings to help avoid collisions while parking or moving slowly in traffic. Specifically, the system aims to measure the distance between the vehicle and nearby obstacles and alert the driver through visual and audio indicators based on the detected distance. The methodology of the study involves integrating an ultrasonic sensor with an Arduino Uno R3 microcontroller. The ultrasonic sensor continuously measures the distance of objects behind the vehicle by emitting and receiving sound waves. Based on the measured distance, the Arduino processes the data and activates a buzzer and LEDs. The LEDs light up sequentially in green, yellow, and red to indicate safe, caution, and danger zones, respectively, while the buzzer provides an audible warning as obstacles get closer. The key results of the project show that the system is capable of accurately detecting obstacles in real-time and effectively providing distance-based alerts. In conclusion, the proposed system demonstrates a practical and efficient solution for reverse parking assistance, with potential for further improvement and application in advanced vehicle safety systems.

Security and access control remain critical concerns in shared storage facilities such as schools, barangays, offices, and public institutions. Traditional locker systems rely on mechanical keys or manual supervision, which are prone to loss, duplication, and unauthorized access. This study presents the design and development of an RFID-based smart locker system integrated with GSM SMS notification using an ESP32 microcontroller. The system employs an RC522 RFID reader for user authentication, a 4×3 matrix keypad for manual input, solenoid locks controlled through relay modules for physical access control, and limit switches to monitor locker door status. An LCD with I2C interface provides real-time system feedback, while a GSM module (SIM800L) sends SMS alerts upon access events. A DC-to-DC buck converter ensures stable voltage regulation for the GSM module.

This paper presents the design and implementation of an autonomous mobile robot capable of navigating unknown environments through maze-solving algorithms and dynamic obstacle avoidance. The primary objective is to engineer a low-cost Automated Guided Vehicle (AGV) that integrates environmental perception with real-time decision-making. The system architecture utilizes a differential drive chassis configuration, driven by two DC gear motors. Unlike servo-steering systems, directional control is achieved by varying the speed and direction of the independent rear motors (skid-steering). The central processing unit, an Arduino Nano, interfaces with a distributed sensor array consisting of three downward-facing infrared (IR) sensors for path tracking and one forward-facing IR sensor for collision prevention. The control software implements the "Left-Hand Rule" algorithm for traversing simply connected mazes and a "Smart Avoidance" subroutine that enables the robot to autonomously reroute when facing physical obstructions. Additionally, the system incorporates a Human-Machine Interface (HMI) utilizing an I2C-enabled Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) and LED indicators to provide diagnostic feedback during operation.

Using a mixed-methods approach, the research study assessed the composite relationship between teacher performance and student perceptions at Eulogio "Amang" Rodriguez Institute of Science and Technology (EARIST). The Academic Information Management System data, including student ratings and feedback, was analyzed quantitatively through descriptive statistics, sentiment analysis, independent t-tests, and Pearson correlation. The study showed a positive correlation between teacher ratings and student sentiment, suggesting that how teachers are perceived positively affects student views. Differences between ratings and sentiment scores emphasized the need for qualitative insights, which were obtained. These insights provided context, highlighting specific teacher behaviors that influence student experiences. The study illustrated the effectiveness of sentiment analysis in enhancing traditional evaluation methods, offering a deeper understanding of student feedback. The findings support a comprehensive teacher evaluation system that incorporates student perceptions and targets professional development based on student input. This research highlights the significance of promoting open communication and leveraging student feedback to improve educational quality at EARIST, ultimately fostering a more student-centered learning environment.

Adaptive Physical Therapy Interventions Using Real-Time Glycemic Feedback FromDexcom G7 CGM In Elderly DiabeticsSurabhi Naik, MS, Exercise Science; Ricardo Mora-Rodriguez, FACSM PURPOSE: Elderly individuals with type 2 diabetes face exercise-induced hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia,yet traditional physical therapy lacks real-time glucose monitoring to prevent fluctuations. Thisstudy evaluates the effectiveness of Continuous Glucose Monitoring (CGM) guided adaptiveexercise therapy, integrating real-time feedback for safer and more effective training. METHODS: A six-week pre-post-trial (no control group) with 20 diabetic participants (≥65 years) included tensupervised exercise sessions (30–45 minutes). Exercises included: Warm-Up (Mobility; SpotMarching); Aerobic Activity: (Seated / Chair stepping, Treadmill); Strength & FunctionalTraining: Chair squats, Wall push-ups, Resistance band, grip strengthening); Cool-Down:(Stretching and breathing exercises). CGM-based adjustments ensured glucose remained within70–180 mg/dL, modifying intensity as needed. RESULTS: Paired t-tests were used to compare pre and post intervention outcomes, with statisticalsignificance set at p < 0.05. Glucose stability was significantly improved, with hypoglycemiadecreasing by 23% and hyperglycemia by 18% (p < 0.05). Time in the target glucose rangeincreased from 60% to 80% (p < 0.05). Muscle strength improved (23.8 ± 2.6 kg to 30.2 ± 3.1 kg,p < 0.05). Functional mobility, assessed using the Timed Up & Go test, improved as completiontime decreased from 14.3 ± 1.2 s to 12.4 ± 1.0 s (p < 0.05). WHO-QOL scores significantlyimproved (p < 0.05) reflecting greater confidence in exercise safety and overall well-being. CONCLUSION: This study demonstrates the feasibility of CGM-guided adaptive physical therapy, improvingglycemic control, strength, and mobility in elderly diabetics. Findings support integrating CGMinto clinical rehabilitation. Future research should refine CGM-driven exercise protocols fordiabetes management. KEYWORDS: Continuous Glucose Monitor (CGM), Adaptive Exercise, Diabetes, GlycemicControl.

In mid-2017, the Philippine Department of Health launched a vaccination program of nine- to fourteen-year-old children using CYD-TDV (Dengvaxia, Sanofi) in Cebu province. The vaccination program was discontinued after only one dose was given. Until 2020, the interim vaccine effectiveness against hospitalized virologically confirmed dengue (VCD) and dengue with warning signs was 26% and 51%, respectively. In this report, we assess vaccine protection through February 2023. From 15 February 2018 to 28 February 2023, we conducted a case-control study in Cebu province. Children residing in Cebu who were eligible to participate in the dengue mass vaccination in mid-2017 and subsequently admitted to any of four participating public hospitals with suspected dengue were enrolled. A blood sample was collected for dengue RT-PCR and clinical and socio-demographic information were obtained. Children hospitalized with VCD were followed until discharge and their illness classified according to WHO 2009 criteria as dengue, dengue with warning signs and severe dengue. To estimate the level of vaccine protection, vaccination status was compared between VCD cases and neighborhood controls of the same sex and age-group. We included 584 VCD cases and 1168 controls in the analysis. Of the 584 cases, 397 (67·8%) presented as dengue with warning sign (DWS), 8 (1·4%) had severe dengue, and 1 (0·2%) died. All four dengue virus serotypes were detected, but serotype 3 was the most common (287/584 or 49·1%). Receipt of one dose of CYD-TDV was associated with 21% (95% CI, -7 to 41%; p=0·1129) overall protection against hospitalized VCD and 31% (95% CI, 6 to 49%; p<0·0001) protection against more severe presentations of dengue (dengue with warning signs and severe dengue). A single dose of CYD-TDV conferred extended protection against more severe presentations of dengue. The study is limited by an absence of baseline dengue serostatus of the participants prior to vaccination but a large majority in this this cohort were likely dengue seropositive.

La insuficiencia cardíaca con fracción de eyección preservada (ICFEP) es un síndrome clínico caracterizado por disnea, edema y fatiga, debido a alteraciones estructurales o funcionales cardíacas. Este trabajo revisa los avances en su manejo, abordando tanto terapias farmacológicas como no farmacológicas. Objetivo: Analizar las estrategias terapéuticas emergentes para optimizar el manejo de la ICFEP, enfatizando la personalización basada en subfenotipos clínicos. Metodología: Se realizó una revisión sistemática de literatura, incluyendo bases como Cochrane, MEDLINE y Embase, combinando descriptores MeSH y términos libres. De 942 estudios iniciales, se analizaron 10 tras aplicar criterios de inclusión/exclusión PRISMA. Resultados: Los inhibidores del cotransportador de sodio-glucosa tipo 2 (SGLT2i) mostraron beneficios significativos en hospitalizaciones y calidad de vida, independientemente de la diabetes, mientras los antagonistas del receptor de mineralocorticoides y moduladores del óxido nítrico ofrecen beneficios limitados, además de estrategias no farmacológicas, como rehabilitación cardíaca y dispositivos como IASD, demuestran mejoras funcionales, concluyendo que, a pesar de avances significativos, la ICFEP sigue siendo un desafío clínico. La personalización del tratamiento basada en características fenotípicas y factores de riesgo es crucial.

Abstract Introduction: Hansen’s disease (also known as leprosy) is a chronic granulomatous disease caused by Mycobacterium leprae and remains a public health concern to this day. The objective of this study is to describe the demographic, clinical, and microbiological profile and compliance to the treatment of newly diagnosed patients with Hansen’s disease. Methods: This was a retrospective records review study that included cases seen in a tertiary hospital and sanitarium in Metro Manila from 2011 to 2020. Results: A total of 514 individual cases were included in this study, showing a male preponderance with a male-to-female ratio of 3:1. A total of 52 (10.1%) of the new cases were children aged below 15 years old, with the median age at the diagnosis of 10.8 years. As much as, 15.6% presented with Grade 2 disability at the time of diagnosis. The occurrence of lepra reaction was seen in 51.4% of cases. The treatment completion rate was 65% while the noncompliance rate was 28.7%. Conclusion: Leprosy continues to affect the individuals of all ages, with a large number of new cases being children under 15 years old. Multibacillary type remains the most common form of leprosy, with lepromatous being the most frequent clinical presentation. The high occurrence of lepra reactions and relatively low treatment completion rate highlights the importance of continued efforts in addressing this disease.